|
|
Role of physical activity in the prevention of childhood obesity
VRTALOVÁ, Jana
The thesis deals with physical activity in the prevention of childhood obesity. It is focused on children, namely pupils of the eighth and ninith grades of elementary school. Obesity is responsible for more human lives than both of the world wars and if we want this epidemic of obesity and problems associated with inactivity minimized, we have to start where it is most efficient and that is with children. The main objective is to explore physical activity in a selected group of pupils. Partial aim is to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the investigated group of students using somatometric measurements in the selected location. Another objective is to determine how many of childrens parents did sports in the past or actualy do sports. The final goal is to prepare educational material for students about the importance of physical activity. The work is divided into two parts theoretical and practical. The theoretical part was compiled as a secondary data analysis. Sources of data and information originated from the Czech Republic and abroad in the form of scholarly books, journals and electronic resources. The contents of the theoretical part is focused on explenation of terms such as obesity, its consequences, complications, ways to prevent obesity, physical activity, appropriate kinds of physical activity and its effects on the human body. Distinctive part is the chapter dealing with the myths of obesity some of them are really surprising. The second part is practical part and includes its own research. The investigation was conducted in a primary school Komenského alej in Žatec for pupils of the eighth and ninth grades. File featured 107 pupils. The research was conducted as a quantitative survey complemented by measurements of somatometric indicators. The data were collected using a custom non-standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 14 questions and two columns separated by line for recording the exact weight and height. We checked these data at pre-agreed periods.
|
|
|
Prevention and approaches to obesity in childhood
LUDVÍKOVÁ, Nikola
The main goal of the bachelor thesis called Prevention of and Approaches to Obesity in Childhood is to calculate and compare calories in food consumed by two different groups of children for a period of 14 days. The first group comprises children with the BMI value greater than 90th centile (obese or overweight children) and the condition for the other group is the BMI value lower than 75th centile (normal weight children). Another goal of the thesis is to compare the overall eating habits and physical activities of the individuals and to create recommendations for the obese individuals if a change is needed. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on occurrence of obesity both in the Czech Republic and worldwide, classification and diagnosis, types, risk factors, therapy and prevention of obesity. A well-balanced diet for children and rules for proper eating habits are dealt with in this part of the thesis, too. Great influence of the life-style of the whole family on occurrence of obesity and overweight in children is highlighted here. The qualitative research method conducted by means of recording every meal by 24 selected children from the South Bohemian Region for a period of 14 days was used to prepare the research part. The data were collected in the period from January to April 2013; 12 obese patients of the paediatric consulting room in Třeboň and 12 respondents selected according to the corresponding age and sex were involved in the research. The information was collected from the children themselves, possibly from their parents. The calculations of the calories in the individual meals were processed by the ?Nutriservis Profesional? programme. Recording sheets to record meals and drinks during the period of measurement were used to evaluate calorie intake. The filled-in meal recording sheets were collected two weeks after these had been distributed to the research participants. The data were processed with the ?Microsoft Excel? computer programme using computing relations and its functions. Afterwards, the respondents? responses were processed and evaluated with the ?Nutriservis Profesional? programme. The processed data have been interpreted in form of a simple text and descriptive statistics. The results suggest two main differences in the eating habits of the two examined groups. One of them is regular eating and the other one is meal composition; there is a big difference in physical activities, too. As for the obese children, they often have irregular and unbalanced eating habits, do no physical activities and eat mainly fat and fried meals. Only several children differ from these criteria. The eating habits of normal weight children are various. The only common characteristic is regular physical activity. Some of the normal weight children eat in a similar way like the obese children, however, despite this the number of children having eating habits suitable to their age, height, sex and nearly following the rules for well-balanced diet prevails. The results show that obesity occurrence is significantly affected by the family anamnesis, i.e. genetics. The genetic predisposition to obesity plays a 40-percent role, however, this can be positively influenced by suitable eating habits and physical activities. The thesis conclusions suggest it is necessary to continually develop knowledge of proper eating habits and healthy life-style in all families, to try develop forms of obesity prevention in all segments of the society and not to believe in all misleading advertisements. ?
|
guest ::
