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Nemocnost a úhyny telat dojeného skotu v období do odstavu
Nováková, Viktória
The bachelor’s thesis Diseases and deaths of dairy cattle calves in the period until weaning describes an overview of the most common diseases of calves from birth to weaning and the causes of their death in this time period. The most common diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract are septicemic coli infection, diarrhoic syndrome and infectious enterotoxemia. The respiratory system is most often affected by the respiratory syndrome, which as a complex of diseases includes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza 3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurellosis. Calves diseases are affected by various factors that affect their health. Health is conditioned to a large extent by colostral and milk nutrition, the principles of witch are based on we will discuss. If one of the factors affecting health is disturbed, it can have impact on breeding. Practical part with the most common diseases and their treatment in a company in Slovakia. Based on the results, it was found that in the given farm, the morbidity rate is 86.26% of the total number of calves until weaning. The most prevalent were diarrheal diseases 48.07% and respiratory diseases 36.05%. The recommendation is to educate employees about the technological and animal hygiene principles of husbandry.
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Intrauterinní růstová retardace selat
Kršová, Eliška
This bachelor's thesis focuses on intrauterine growth restriction of piglets. The first part of the thesis deals with sow hybridization, the creation of super-fertile sow lines, and how breeding can affect litter size. The second part focuses on the issues of highly fertile sows, particularly in terms of nutrition, housing, delivery, lactation, weaning, and preparation for the next pregnancy. The third part focuses on intrauterine growth restriction of piglets. This section describes what this condition means and what can influence it. The fourth part deals with problems in piglets with intrauterine growth restriction. Methods for the application of artificial milk, the use of surrogate sows, or split nursing are described here.
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Kontrola výživy a metabolismu dojnic v chovu s automatizovaným systémem krmení a dojení
Záboj, Dominik
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of changing the technology of feed loading (conventional feed wagon loading vs. automated feed loading) on the content of milk components, especially on the concentration of urea as an indicator of feed balance over time. For the analysis of the milk constituent content in relation to ration balance, individual samples from the performance check, pool samples analysed by the dairy and herd averages from the Lely Astronaut A4 milking robot were used, which were collected from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2022. The results of the study document that the change in feeding technology had neither a positive nor a negative effect on the milk constituent content. Statistical evaluation revealed only a significant difference in the number of somatic cells in milk (p < 0.01). Other evaluated milk composition parameters (protein, fat, lactose, urea) were not significantly affected by the change in feeding technology (p > 0.05). In the correlation test between pool samples and individual samples, statistically significant correlations were found for urea (r = 0.66), fat (r = 0.45) and somatic cell count (r = 0.63) at a significance level of p < 0.05. However, correlation analysis of milk testing results from robotic milking with data from pool samples and individual performance control samples yielded inconsistent data, with a positive correlation found only between the mean somatic cell count from the robotic milking parlor and individual KU samples (r = 0.22). In a set of examinations of individual milk samples from KU (n = 2112), correlation analysis was performed between all determined components. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between protein and fat (r = 0.82), lactose and fat (r = 0.68), somatic cell count and fat (r = 0.13), urea and fat (r = 0.45), lactose and protein (r = 0.80), somatic cell count and protein (r = 0.13), urea and protein (r = 0.47) and for urea and lactose (r = 0.45). It is clear from the results that the results of the analysis of milk from the robotic milking parlour differ from the standard values found in performance monitoring and in the examination of pool milk samples, which thus appear to be more suitable for monitoring nutrition and metabolism.
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Kvantitativní zastoupení bakterií rodu Lactobacillus v lidském zažívacím traktu v závislosti na změně stravovacích návyků
Kolísková, Kateřina
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of quantitative representation of the bacterial family in the human digestion system depending on changes in eating habits. The start of literary digest addresses general characteristics of digestion microbiome and its bacterial represen-tation. The most comprehensive part belongs to individual factors, who influenced overall number of bacterial species inhabiting the digestion microbiome. The last chapters of the theoretical part belong to cultivative and molecular biological methods, which are used in examination of the human digestion tract. Experimental part focuses on differences in the number of individual bacteria in the samples of human excrements, whose presence was determined by cultivative methods. Isolation of bacterial DNA was performed, which was subsequently confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. In resulting values, we observed small changes (p < 0,05) in bacterial species L. acidophilus a L. rhamnosus at the end of the second period. All bacterial families, except Bacteroides, had downward tendency (p > 0,05). Based on acquired data from food records, we observed changes in consumption of basic macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates) and fiber. Only in carbohydrates and sim-ple sugars, we observed statistically provable differences (p > 0,05). Final analysis proved that changes in eating habits did not influence the total number of bacterial species inhabiting digestion microbiome.
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Výživa březích klisen
Strnadíková, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of nutrition of pregnant mares and is processed in the form of a literature search. At the beginning of the thesis there is an introduction to the subject, which is devoted to the characteristics of the equine sexual cycle and foaling. The aspects that influence them are described, as well as the reproductive and digestive organs, the development of the foal in the mother’s body and a description of the body score condition of the horse. Subsequently, two chapters are focused to the nutritional requirements of mares in early and late foaling and the differences between them. The last chapter describes specific types of feeds and their suitability for broodmares. Selected complete feed mixtures – granules and mueslis – are also summarised, with a description of their composition, recommended dosage and in tables is shown the content of the most important essential nutrients – digestible energy, starch, nitrogenous substances, fat, fibre, calcium, phosphorus, vitamins A and E and lysine.
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Aktuální problematika zpracování krve do masných výrobků
Hubáčková, Monika
This bachelor thesis deals with the current issue of processing blood into meat products, which originates in history, but the essence remains the same. The use of blood in meat products tends to decrease. Mostly because of its poorer endurance and diminishing popularity with consumers. It describes the slaughter of the animal and the processing of blood for food and other purposes. Furthermore, the work describes the use, composition and properties of the blood. Blood has a similar protein content compared to meat, mainly has a high biological value and contains iron as well as other minerals that contribute to human health. There is also the risk of an alimentary risk, which is part of all meat products. In the next part, meat production, the distribution of meat products and, above all, the list of blood meat products and their recipes are distributed. Also described here is the issue of regional food in selected countries, traditional meat products and domestic slaughter of pigs.
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Informovanost žáků SOŠ o rovnováze zdravého životního stylu
Kchýrová, Natálie
The Bachelor thesis "Awareness of healthy lifestyle balance for secondary school pupils" focuses on healthy lifestyle and its important components, containing a theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part, the concept of a healthy lifestyle is defined and the essential aspects important to maintaining a healthy lifestyle are clarified. The practical part includes a questionnaire investigation which was carried out at the SSC to establish pupils' awareness and adherence to healthy lifestyles. A recommendation for teaching experience is given at the end of the work.
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Přirozené antioxidanty v potravinách jako prevence oxidativního stresu v organismu
Kaserová, Natálie
The bachelor thesis is focused on natural antioxidants and their fight against oxidative stress in the organism. The first part is about the oxidative stress, what causes it, and its negative or positive effects on the human body. The connection between free radicals and the development of oxidative stress is outlined. The second part of the literature review is devoted to the antioxidants themselves, both natural and natively occurring in the human organism. The low-molecular organic molecules of plants are described in more detail, which exhibit significant antioxidant activity and constitute a substantial part of our diet. The foods or beverages with high content of antioxidant substances are mentioned in the last part of bachelor thesis. This chapter deals with the foods such as vegetables, fruits, nuts and even cereals. Furthermore, from the beverages are presented the tea, coffee, beer, and wine.
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Stravovací návyky adolescentů
Krys, Lukáš
The bachelor's thesis deals with the eating habits of adolescents in secondary schools with a focus on gastronomy. In the theoretical part, the basic concepts related to the topic are clarified - the period of adolescence, adolescent nutrition and components of nutrition, eating behavior and eating habits of adolescents. The theoretical work also describes the environment influencing the eating habits, physical activity of adolescents and their preferences in eating. The practical part is based on the quantitative method of a questionnaire survey, where the information obtained will be used to determine whether adolescents have correct or incorrect informations and habits in the area of proper eating.
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Poruchy příjmu potravy a stravovací návyky u žáků SŠ
Zapalová, Markéta
Bachelor's thesis dealing with eating habits, nutrition and any subsequent problems that may arise from bad eating habits. It is primarily focused on eating disorders. The work is focused on high school students, i.e. on adolescents. The first chapter deals with the definition of eating habits, health and nutrition. The second chapter deals with the eating habits of adolescents and shows how the ideal diet of secondary school students should look and how it differs from the actual eating habits of students. The third chapter defines eating disorders and what disorders can be included in this category.
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