National Repository of Grey Literature 34 records found  beginprevious31 - 34  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Lineage plasticity in normal and malignant lymphocyte precursors
Rezková Řezníčková, Leona ; Froňková, Eva (advisor) ; Otáhal, Pavel (referee)
Klasické schéma vývoje hematopoetických buněk předpokládá časné oddělení lymfoidního a myeloidního prekurzoru. V poslední době jsou navrhovány složitější modely, které předpokládají větší flexibilitu hematopoezy a navrhují existenci progenitorů s lymfoidním i myeloidním potenciálem. Akutní hybridní leukémie jsou malignity, které podle různých kritérií nelze jednoznačně zařadit k lymfoidní nebo k myeloidní linii a jejichž chování spíše dává za pravdu novým modelům hematopoezy. Předkládaná práce se zabývala především výzkumem dětských leukémií s přesmykem z lymfoidní do myeloidní linie během indukční léčby. Jedná se o rozsáhlý projekt, v jehož rámci si diplomová práce si kladla za úkol určit liniové zařazení leukemických blastů pomocí detekce přestaveb genů pro imunoglobuliny a T-buněčné receptory (TCR). Potvrdili jsme, že myeloidní buňky derivované v průběhu léčby pochází u všech pacientů z původního lymfoidního klonu. Dále jsme u těchto případů zkoumali expresi vytipovaných genů ve srovnání s běžnými druhy leukémií. Třetí částí práce byl výzkum prognostického významu přítomnosti přestaveb TCR (a tedy příslušnosti k lymfoidní linii) u leukémií z T-lymfoidní řady.
The role of microRNAs in lymphomas with a focus on miR-155
Hušková, Hana ; Stopka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19-25 nucleotide noncoding RNAs which regulate the expression of target mRNAs at both posttranscriptional and translational level. The physiological functions of miRNAs include development, differentiation, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. miRNA deregulation has been found in various human diseases, including lymphoproliferative disorders. This Bachelor thesis provides introduction to delineate roles of miRNAs in normal hematopoiesis and cites recent publications on miRNAs in lymphomas with a focus on the role of miR-155. Key words microRNA, hematopoiesis, lymphoma, miR-155
The role of HOXA9 gene in leukemogenesis
Rejlová, Kateřina ; Starková, Júlia (advisor) ; Fraiberk, Martin (referee)
The evolutionarily conserved family of homeobox genes plays an important role in the development of the anterior-posterior body axis of vertebrates. These genes significantly affect hematopoiesis, the development of blood cells. Extensive studies on homeobox genes in normal hematopoiesis confirmed their role also in leukemogenesis. Since the neoplastic transformation of blood cells, i.e. leukemia, is the most frequent malignancy in children, it has become a major subject of research for many scientists. Precisely in what stage of the malignant transformation the homeobox genes take part has not been shown yet. Neither is it known whether HOX genes are crucial in pathogenesis or whether their deregulation is only a side effect of leukemogenesis. The most studied homeobox gene in leukemogenesis is the HOXA9 gene, which showed correlation with the prognosis of patients with certain leukemias. Many studies describe the effect of HOXA9 in leukemic cell transformation, suggesting this gene could be a promising future target in leukemia therapy. This work is focused on the HOXA9 gene and its association with leukemic transformation of blood cells.
Origins of vertebrate hematiopoiesis
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Divoký, Vladimír (referee) ; Živný, Jan (referee)
(ENGLISH) Hematopoiesis is dependent on the actions of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). This process is tightly controlled through a complex array of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Even though the hematopoiesis seems to be well conserved across the disparate vertebrate animals, erythroid and thrombocytic differentiation have changed during the evolution of mammals. Specifically, adult mammalian red blood cells have the unique feature of being enucleated, and mammalian thrombocytes are not individual cells, but fragments of megakaryocytes, instead. It is likely that these enhancements provided a survival advantage to early mammalian species; however, they also bring up the question of evolutionary origin of these cells that studied using zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. First, it was necessary to generate a toolbox of a recombinant cytokines and optimized culture media that allowed us to manipulate zebrafish hematopoietic cells ex vivo in liquid and clonal cultures. Interestingly, teleost species underwent an extra duplication event during their evolution and as a result, two copies (paralogs) of some of the genes are present in zebrafish. This was also the case for majority of the cytokines from our toolbox and here, we provide functional characterization of these paralogs. Strikingly, our results...

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