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The role of the nurse in the prevention of immobilization syndrome after stroke at the department of neurology.
HOLUBCOVÁ, Eliška
Bachelor?s thesis The Role of a nurse in prevention of immobilization syndrom after stroke at the Deprartment of Neurology dwells on the problem of nursing care and prevention of immobilization syndrom of the patients after stroke. The theoretical part of the thesis is aimed at prevention, treatment and examination, which the patient has to go through after stroke and the role of the nurse during these performances. The immobilization syndrom is also described in detail at the thesis. At the conclusion of the theoretical part the author concentrates on the treatment which ought to be performed as a prevention of the immobilization syndrom of the patient after stroke. One of the chapters deals with health care, nutrition, defecation, skin care, mental state and communication with the patient after stroke. The practical part of the bachelor?s thesis focuses especially on qualitative research performed just at the Department of Neurology. The aim of the above mentioned research was to evaluate the role of the nurse in the care of the patient after stroke at the Department of Neurology. In the research the author stated the following question: What is the role of the nurse in the prevention of immobilization syndrom of the patient after stroke? This part also includes interviews with nurses conducted just at the Department of Neurology and the same nurses were also observed during nursing care. The results of the research show that the nurse plays crucial role in the care of the patient after stroke, either as a provider of nursing care or as a communicator, and to a smaller extent as an educator. The thesis also contains a map of nursing care, which describes the correct process during the care of cavity. The nurse can influence the course of disease by correctly performed nursing performances, such as dehydration, malnutrition and dekubital ulcer.
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Subjective Perception of the Life Change of Persons in the Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program in České Budějovice.
MARKOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis focuses on the subjectively perceived changes in the lives of persons in the methadone maintenance treatment program, on their experiencing of the changes and subjective judgment of the treatment. The topic is treated according to the Bio-Psycho-Socio-Spiritual Model of Addiction. The theoretical part deals with the quality of life and the subjectively perceived well-being and defines six dimensions of well-being on which the practical part of the thesis is based. It also elaborates on the Bio-Psycho-Socio-Spiritual Model of Addiction in the context of the methadone maintenance treatment. Moreover, it describes the factors in life change and the motivation to change. The last theoretical chapter focuses on the opioid substitution treatment as such and more specifically on the methadone maintenance treatment. The practical part presents the results of the research. The aim of the thesis is to analyse how the persons in the methadone maintenance treatment program in České Budějovice perceive life changes. A qualitative research was chosen for that purpose. The data were obtained through the technique of narrative interview. The research group consisted of four respondents who were on the methadone maintenance treatment program. The results show that the subjectively perceived changes in the lives of the persons in the methadone maintenance treatment program relate to five out of six dimensions of well-being. No changes were recorded in the dimension concerning the sense of life, in other words, even after a several month methadone maintenance treatment these persons perceive no goal of their lives. Important consequences for work with these persons can be drawn from that, especially for therapists in opioid substitution centres, who should develop spirituality aspects of persons.
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SPECIFICS OF TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLICS, USERS OF NON ALCOHOLICS DRUGS AND GAMBLERS
HOMOLKOVÁ, Kateřina
THE DRIFT OF MY UNDERGRADUATE THESIS WAS TO FIND OUT WHAT THE SPECIFICATIONS OF THE DETOXIFICATION OF ALCOHOLICS, GAMBLERS AND NON-ALCOHOLIC DRUG-ADDICTS ARE IN THE ASYLUM ČERVENÝ DVŮR. THE SECONDARY AIM OF THIS THESIS WAS THE DETERMINATION OF EXTENT AND USEFULNESS OF PARTICULAR THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES. TO BE SPECIFIC, IT WAS ART THERAPY, OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, GROUP AND INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOTHERAPY. BY THE INVESTIGATION ON PARTICULAR GROUP OF INFORMANTS WAS FOUND OUT, THAT THERE ARE NOT MAJOR DIFFERENCES IN THE DETOXIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL KINDS OF ADDICTION. THE DISTINCTION THAT RESULTED FROM THE INVESTIGATION CAN BE CHARACTERIZED AS FRACTIONAL. THESE IN MY OPINION ARE NOT ONLY FOLLOWING THE KIND OF THE USED DRUG BUT ARE AFFECTED BY MANY FACTORS AS THE AGE, GENDER, EDUCATION, DRUG-ADDICT PATH, CAREER, FAMILY RELATIONS, ECONOMIC SITUATION, SOCIAL AND COMMUNICATIONAL SKILLS, WORK HABITS AS WELL AS THE FACT, HOW MANY THERAPIES THE PERSON UNDERGONE BEFORE.
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Current methods of prevention and possibilities of treatment of bovine mastitis
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Kamila
My bachelor work called Current methods of prevention and possibilities of treatment of bovine mastitis has been created with a view to the fact that mastitis is one of the most economic significant disease of cattle . The prevention of mastitis includes individual measures important for maintaining the health of dairy cows. The basic principle of prevention is to avoid weakening the natural immunity of dairy cows and especially of the mammary gland as such. To maintain healthy mammary glands the welfare of the cows is important. Dairy cows should be properly housed and fed a high quality, harmless food. An important measure is the correct milking procedure. Pasture has a very favourable effect on the health and welfare of dairy cows. An important aspect in the prevention of mastitis is drying off which is often carried out at a flat rate and globally. The use of non-antibiotic cements is a new trend of drying off, only usable in dairy cows with healthy mammary gland. Research in the immunoprophylaxis of mastitis is still ongoing, because the etiology of mastitis is not yet entirely clear. Conventional treatment of mastitis is based on the use of antibiotics during lactation or during the dry period. According to the seriousness of the disease is selected a local or total application or a combination of both. Supplementary treatment is the application of enzymatic preparations which reduce the required dose of antibiotics and accelerate healing. The unconventional treatment of mastitis that is more common on organic farms, is represented by homeopathy and phytotherapy, which are used mostly in mild inflammation of the mammary gland. If therapy should be an effective, early start of treatment is very important.
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Development, growth and variability of semiaquatic bug Microvelia reticulata (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha: Veliidae)
VOJTOVÁ, Lucie
I investigated the effect of environmental factors (temperature and food availability) on the development and growth of semiaquatic bug Microvelia reticulata Burmeister, 1835. I focused on the developmental rate isomorphy. In a cross-designed experiment, M. reticulata was individually kept over whole juvenile period (eggs to reaching maturity) and subjected to treatments of three temperature (17, 21, 25 °C) and two food availability (full - daily feeding and reduced - 2 days interval) and their interaction. Development and growth was strongly influenced by temperature. Longest postembryonic development measured in individuals kept in the lowest temperature (54 days) contrasted to those kept in the highest temperature (16 days). Mortality was also significantly influenced by temperature; highest mortality rate was found in the 17 °C treatment. Effect of food availability was significant only in low temperature, resulting in the better survival of individuals on the high food level. In other temperature treatments, I found no effect of food on survival rate of M. reticulata. However, the food level influenced development significantly. In the 21 °C and 25 °C treatment, individuals on a full food developed faster than individuals on a reduced food. In 17 °C the food availability had no effect on time required to reach maturity. The best fitness (expressed as combination of low mortality rate and short development) was observed in 21 °C, both other temperature treatment were found stressing. Food availability had stronger effect on female individuals compared to males. In conclusion, I found no evidence of developmental rate isomorphy in M. reticulata. The research was supported by project of the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic GAČR P505/10/0096.
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Chemická recyklace měkké polyurethanové pěny
Ústav makromolekulární chemie AV ČR, Praha ; Synková, Hana ; Dušková, Miroslava ; Kotek, Jiří ; Řehová, Lucie ; Pospíšil, Jan ; Kruliš, Zdeněk ; Horák, Zdeněk ; Holler, Petr ; Beneš, Hynek
Cílem výzkumného záměru je návrh a optimalizace recyklačního postupu chemické recyklace polyurethanové měkké pěny z autosedaček a dalších demontovaných polyurethanových částí z autovraků tak, aby výsledný recyklát byl znovu použitelný při výrobě nové recyklační jednotky. Výsledky by měly zároveň sloužit jako podklad pro posouzení ekonomické schůdnosti navržených technologických řešení recyklace v provozním měřítku, zvláště pak pro předběžný výpočet investičních a provozních nákladů. Zpráva zahrnuje výsledky prvního roku řešení a je rozdělena do etap: Zajištění současného stavu poznání v oblasti chemické recyklace PUR pěn, Analytická charakterizace vstupního materiálu (PUR pěny), Vypracování postupu úpravy pěnových PUR odpadů na formu vhodnou pro vlastní chemolýzu, Experimentální studie gykolýzy jako metody vhodné pro chemolýzní rozklad PUR pěny a Analýza chemolýzních produktů
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Injuries of cyclists from the perspective of prehospital emergency care
KRBOVÁ, Petra
The popularity of everyday, both leisure and racing cycling, increases. The spectrum of accidents and injuries related to cycling extends with the increasing choice of bicycles for different types of cycling. Especially in summer months paramedics repeatedly provide prehospital emergency care to cyclists. A wide range of injuries require different intensity of treatment and care. The theoretical part is focused on a brief characteristics and descriptions of selected injuries, which are part of the research. The research was carried out by the quantitative form, by means of a questionnaire. It was distributed to paramedics in the South-Bohemian Region and in the Vysočina Region. The objective of the thesis was to assess and map the approach of paramedics to an injured cyclist, the correctness of provided care for selected injuries that are mentioned in the theoretical part from the perspective of prehospital emergency care and the evaluation of the need to pay more attention to this issue or to retain the current provided care and update only the new information and findings. The result of the research is the confirmation of all the research hypotheses. The questions testing knowledge of definitions of polytrauma and injuries were mostly answered correctly. The research questions focused on treatment and subsequent transport were also answered mostly correctly. Even though the research results were good and hypotheses were proved, it is necessary to bear in mind that cycling injuries are part of prehospital emergency care. Paramedics should be aware of current practices and continue with self-education.
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