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The Influence of free time activities of gipsy children and youth as a prevention of socially pathological phenomenon in SaSM - DDM ČB
ZIMANDLOVÁ, Monika
The thesis topic, is the use of free time activities within the framework of the Salesian centre in České Budějovice (specifically its detached work-place, the contact centre Maják) as a preventative method against unruly behaviour, it pursues the problems of unruly behaviour in the target group of gypsy children and teenagers and its prevention. The theory part of the thesis introduces the theoretical outcomes of free time pedagogy and social pedagogy. Furthermore the thesis includes a brief description of the problematics of the gypsy minority population (for example the low education standard of gypsies, which has a great effect on the appearance of unruly behaviour), vocation and preventative principals of the Salesian centre in České Budějovice. The aim of the work, was to identify the potential of using free time activities as one of the possibilities for preventing unruly behaviour of gypsy children within the framework of the SaSM - DDM ČB. The practical part of the thesis uses qualitative strategic research, which was carried out with the help of a semi-structured discussion. The research was carried out in the detached workplace of the Salesian centre in České Budějovice ? The contact centre Maják. During the research, thirteen respondents, within the ages of 7-13, had been addressed. On the basis of the findings received from the research, it is possible to say, that preventative activities, which take place during the free time activities of the Centre, are in a greater part aimed at a general problematics of unruly behaviour rather than particular cases of unruly behaviour which appear with particular group of gypsy children and teenagers. Majority of the activities are being realised through the employees of the centre. Preventative programmes prepared for a target group took place mainly in the form of lectures and utilising of alternative methods has been completely forgotten, even though the employees of the organisation are aware of its necessity. From the results obtained from my own research it is possible to deduce the following hypothesis: H1: Preventative programmes of the centre are general. H2: The centre is aware of the risky behaviour of its clients , but their preventative activities are not directly prepared with this condition of the behaviour. H3: Preference is given to the preventative activities prepared within the framework of the centre over activities that have been requested from independent individuals/organisations. H4:Alternative methods within the framework of the preventative activities are not preferred.
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Selected Risk Behaviour at the Secondary Schools in the Region of Domažlice
ČERNÁ, Pavlína
The topic of this bachelor thesis is ?Selected Risky Behaviour at the Secondary Schools in the Region of Domažlice?. Risky behaviour is a phenomenon threatening societies across all cultures. Its negative consequences can be intensified even more if it occurs at the adolescent age. Healthy development of adolescents is at risk under its influence. It affects the biological, psychological and social features not only at the time when the adolescent behaves risky but also in future when the individual has to bear the consequences of such behaviour. The thesis compromises of a theoretical part, in which selected forms of risky behaviour along with the protective factors that significantly affect this type of behaviour are briefly characterized. The goals stated are defined and the research in question, including the comparison of the results ascertained with the findings of other authors that are presented in the theoretical part, is described in the practical part. The occurrence of risky behaviour cannot be entirely eliminated, however, it can be reduced at least or it is possible to postpone its beginning. Primary prevention is used for this purpose. Monitoring of risky behaviour on which the practical part of this thesis is focused can be used as one of the basic evaluation tools for prevention. The research was conducted at the secondary schools in the region of Domažlice. These were various types of schools differently orientated ? a grammar school, a business secondary school and an apprentice school. The data of the learners of these schools were gathered on a quantitative basis through questionnaire investigation. The questionnaires were distributed among the responders at schools. Great emphasis was put on anonymity of the questionnaires and assuring the responders that the questionnaires filled in by them will not get in hands of any of the close authorities. Therefore the authority was not present when the learners were filling in the questionnaires. The highest validity of data could have been ensured in this way. On the basis of the data gained the hypotheses stated before were confirmed. The goal of the research was to map the occurrence of the selected risky behaviour at the secondary schools in the region of Domažlice. Comparison of the responders? involvement in risky behaviour for boys and girls was defined as the first of the individual goals. The other individual goal was to compare the occurrence of risky behaviour at the individual types of schools. The research obviously suggests that it is not possible to comprehensively define whether it is boys or girls who behave more or less risky. It can be only said that some selected phenomena are more typical of males, others of females, occurrence of others is comparable for both of them. When observing risky behaviour at the individual types of schools, the occurrence of unwanted phenomena is significantly higher at the apprentice school compared to the other types of school. The number of adolescents behaving risky in the region of Domažlice corresponds to the average of the Republic. The results of the thesis can be used for implementation of effective primary prevention, for the needs of further researches, and, last but not least, as a theoretical framework for education in this area.
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Sufficient Number of Providers of Primary Prevention of Risky Behaviour in the Town of Příbram
ŠVŮGEROVÁ, Hana
My bachelor thesis is called ?Sufficient Number of Providers of Primary Prevention of Risky Behaviour in the Town of Příbram?. The aim of the primary prevention is to prevent occurrence of risky behaviour or to postpone the first experience with it as latest as possible. The aim is to prevent from increasing occurrence of risky behaviour. Primary prevention is provided by school methodologists of prevention who choose prevention activities which are used to improve social skills at schools for their pupils and learners. Risky behaviour is such behaviour leading to increase in social, health and other risks. Primary prevention should focus on the following areas, in particular: addictive drug use, bullying and cyber-bullying, netolism, gambling, HIV/AIDS and eating disorders. Other phenomena that should be prevented are political and religious extremism, manifestations of racism and xenophobia. Schools use services rendered by providers offering prevention of various forms to ensure primary prevention. In order primary prevention is efficient it should be long-term and continuous. It should be started with the prevention 2 ? 3 years before the first contact with a particular phenomenon. Single activities such as lectures or discussions which do not use the potential of the target group within the programme are less efficient. The goal of my bachelor thesis is to find out whether there are a sufficient number of providers of primary prevention of selected risky behaviour and to do evaluation of primary prevention at the schools in Příbram. The research in question was conducted on a quantitative basis and completed with the method of questioning using a semi-structured interview in order to verify the data on a qualitative basis. The main part of the research was done using content analysis of data of the minimum preventive programmes at the selected primary and secondary schools. I consider the fact that the schools in Příbram do not implement prevention of all types of risky behaviour in accordance with the guideline of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic as the fundamental result. It is most common to ensure prevention in the area of addictive drug use and diseases of HIV/AIDS. On the contrary, the minimum prevention is implemented in case of cyber-bullying, netolism, gambling and eating disorders. Prevention is dealt at the primary schools late with. The interviews with the school methodologists of prevention suggest that the most common reason for not doing prevention in these areas at schools is the assumption the matter is not necessary or image of uselessness and late impact of preventive activities. Only two methodologists of prevention notified of lack of providers of primary prevention, which relates to the issue of bullying and cyber-bullying, alcohol and racism and xenophobia in particular, in Příbram. On the basis of this I believe that the fact the schools do not do primary prevention of all types of risky behaviour is not caused due to lack of providers. In my opinion, an eventual solution to the current situation at schools could be, in particular, if primary prevention is embodied in the laws of the Czech Republic more firmly. The results of my thesis can be used as a basis for improving the quality of primary preventive activities at the individual schools in Příbram, for the needs of further research, or as material for lay public interested in prevention.
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Confrontation of selected pupils risk behaviour at Elementary school and Practical Elementary school in Rapšach
KEPKOVÁ, Jana
For my bachelor thesis I chose the topic ?The Comparison of Selected Risk Behaviour of Elementary School Pupils in the Elementary School and Elementary Practical School in Rapšach?. Risk behaviour is not a problem of the Czech Republic or Europe only, but it is a global problem. As its result, there are disruptions of the normal development of individuals in various areas of human life. If risk behaviour develops at an early age, its consequences may be even more serious and they may affect the individual?s upcoming life. Risk behaviour affects both the biological and psychological sides as well as the social side. In spite of that, the age at which an individual engages in risky behaviour decreases. Data for this work was collected on the basis of quantitative research, the method of questioning and the technique of an anonymous questionnaire. On the basis of the data, previously established hypotheses were verified or falsified. The respondents were interviewed in the presence of an administrator at school, but with the exclusion of their teachers or other similar authorities close to them who could affect the validity of the collected data. The thesis includes a theoretical part, which further describes the selected types of risk behaviour, the statistical evaluation of their occurrence and also the characteristics of the period of life, in which the respondents are. The practical part sets the objectives, it describes the course of the actual research and also discusses with the authors from which I drew. The objective of the research was to map the occurrence of selected types of risk behaviour among the pupils in the second half of their education at the Elementary School and Elementary Practical School in Rapšach and then to compare the obtained data with each other. The research shows that a certain type of risk behaviour is more typical for boys and another for girls, as well as some phenomena are increasingly encountered in the Elementary School and others at the Elementary Practical School. It is, however, not exceptional that certain phenomena occur in almost comparable representation in all of the respondents. The results of the thesis can be used in practice for the needs of additional research, education, implementing more effective programmes of primary prevention, for school prevention needs, and for the creation of minimum prevention programmes, etc.
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Selected youth fashion styles related with risk behaviour
RIGANOVÁ, Veronika
The title of my thesis is ?Selected Fashion Styles of Young People Associated with Risk Behaviour?. For young people, their appearance is very important. The appearance is a means of expressing identity; in this way, teenagers tell the people around whom they feel to be. As young people want to differentiate from their peers and adults, they express this not only by a certain style of clothing but also behaviour. Thanks to this, young people often enter different subcultures. A subculture can be described as culture of a sub-group that is more or less distinct from the dominant, mainstream and ?official? culture. A subculture consists of groups of people sharing particular values and norms in which they differ from the dominant or mainstream society. Various kinds of risk behaviour are often associated with subcultures. Risk behaviour is a phenomenon threatening the community across all cultures. It threatens the healthy development of juveniles in terms of biological, psychological and social development. The objective of my thesis is to describe selected fashion styles of young people and their specific characteristics in relation to risk behaviour of individual subcultures. The theoretical part describes selected youth subcultures, their history, lifestyles, values, and typical clothing. It also briefly describes the types of risk behaviour that are met in those subcultures. The practical part defines the objectives of the thesis and it describes the actual research, including the comparisons of the results obtained with the findings of other authors mentioned in the theoretical part. The actual research was conducted in a qualitative form using the method of questioning in the form of semi-structured interviews with respondents from youth subcultures. The results of the thesis make it obvious that risky behaviour does occur in the selected subcultures. In all the subcultures, the following can be seen: substance abuse, it was mainly alcohol and marijuana; however, marijuana was not in the emo subculture. In the skinhead subculture, some respondents reported right-wing extremism and violent behaviour. In contrast, in the punk subculture, a tendency to left-wing extremism and violent behaviour was much smaller. As far as hip hop and graffiti subcultures are concerned, only one respondent from the selected sample does graffiti but has not had trouble with the police. It can therefore be concluded that hip-hop and graffiti have not as much in common as it was in the beginning, when the style began to penetrate the country. In the gothic subculture, it was not confirmed that self-mutilation exists as a norm in the subculture. This subculture showed, more than the other subcultures, body-modifying practices but there was also Satanism; however, the respondents refused any connection with the violent practices that are associated with Satanism (cruelty to animals, etc.). Self-mutilation was confirmed in the emo subculture. Three respondents out of four have had some experience with it. Two of them started self-mutilation because of the ?emo rules? that they tried to follow when they started out with this style. All the respondents from the subculture add that self-mutilation has nothing to do with the style, self-mutilation is not one of subcultural norms, and they express opposition to these so-called ?emo rules?. It should be noted that these ?emo rules? were created by a person who did not belong to the subculture. All the respondents, who participated in the research, mention greater or lesser problems because of their style also in their everyday life (school, work, family). I think it?s mainly due to biased information from media. The results of my thesis can serve as a basis for further research, they can be used in teaching these issues and, of course, they can be used in the context of effective primary prevention.
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Evaluation of the primary prevention at elementary schools in Příbram region.
ŠMATLÁKOVÁ, Iva
The topic of this thesis is evaluation of primary prevention activities in elementary schools in the Příbram region. The issue of risk behavior is still an up-to-date topic discussed throughout society and the only truly effective solution to this undesirable phenomenon is its prevention. The aim of primary prevention is to discourage pupils from their involvement in risk behavior or to put the risk behavior off until later age. Those that exercise primary prevention activities are the family and school. Now schools and educational facilities are required to develop the so-called minimal preventive program according to the Methodological instructions of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. The chapter ``The current status{\crqq} is based on professional literature. The terms of risk behavior, school primary prevention, adolescence and also individual forms of risk behavior are described. In the practical part the objectives are defined, the research process is described and discussions with authors I drew inspiration from are mentioned. The main objective of this thesis was to survey the spheres of primary prevention activities in elementary schools. At the same time, according to timeliness and the presence of a selected type of risk behaviour, it is possible to assess the effectiveness of primary prevention. Another objective was to monitor the incidence of risk behavior in pupils of ninth grade of elementary schools. To obtain the research data a quantitative method using anonymous questionnaires for elementary school pupils was applied. In the thesis qualitative research was also used, the data collection technique was the content analysis of basic prevention programs.
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Prevention of non-drug addictions
PELECHOVÁ, Kateřina
Non-drug addictions are part of us, including children and youth. It is important to realize that non-drug addictions influence us and are underestimated despite their seriousness. They constitute serious social-pathological phenomenon of the present. This Bachelor Thesis deals particularly with prevention and the present situation of socially undesired behaviour that is very widespread in current society. With pathological gambling, mobile phone addiction, virtual addictions, alimentary disorders and sect addiction. The goal of the research was to map the representation of individual phenomena of risk-loaded behaviour within primary prevention in schools and school institutions and to assess the efficiency of the prevention applied in the area of non-drug addictions. The goal of the Thesis was met. I came to the following conclusions through my research: Hypothesis 1: The issue of virtual addictions is insufficiently represented in primary prevention as against prevention of drug addictions, was confirmed. Hypothesis 2: Primary prevention of non-drug addictions is inefficient in schools and school institutions, was confirmed. The introduction of the theoretical part deals with several basic concepts; then it characterizes individual non-drug addictions. The conclusion of the theoretical part deals with prevention, particularly primary prevention and the system of organization and direction of primary prevention of socially pathological phenomena in pupils. I used quantitative research to process the practical part, and questionnaire technique to collect data. I performed questionnaire investigation in 2nd classes of a grammar school, a secondary school and a training institution of České Budějovice. The research set consisted of 73 respondents. The practical part of my Thesis deals particularly with the analysis of the experiences of the respondents with socially undesirable behaviour and timely primary prevention in schools with regard to individual kinds of socially undesirable behaviour.
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Attitudes and value system of adolescents
MATĚJKOVÁ, Lenka
The title of this work is {\clqq}Attitudes and value system of adolescents``. This study deals with value system of adolescents and their attitudes to education, family life, leisure time and shows us their conceptions of their immediate future. The theoretical part of this work describes adolescence and thereinbefore terms. The practical part includes 4 presumtions which they relate to attitudes and system of values of adolescents and education of their parents influencing their children.
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Implementation of prevention of socio-pathologic behaviour in the second grade of primary schools in Jihlava
SEDLÁKOVÁ, Gabriela
The topic of my bachelor thesis has been focused on ways how there is realized a prevention of risky behavior on the second level of elementary schools in Jihlava. Both theoretically and practically it deals with aspects concerning the system of a realizing the prevention at this target group. The prevention of the risky behavior has been a very much debated issue today and the primary prevention is strongly emphasized from the kindergartens through elementary schools to vocational and secondary schools. Currently there does not work any uniform system of the primary prevention of the risky behavior for all elementary schools in Jihlava and there is not any comprehensive survey about organizations and institutions, established in Jihlava, offering preventive programs. A goal of the thesis was especially to find out most information about the way how the prevention in Jihlava was realized. Partial goals were findings of facts which prevention programs exist and how they have been realized, than to discover an attitude of pupils from the second level at elementary schools in Jihlava toward the risky behavior and the prevention and if the preventive programs are attractive for them. The last partial goal was to find out whether there has been created a comprehensive system of preventive programs. To achieve those goals, I chose a qualitative type of the research and a semi-structured interview method with open and half-open questions and a method of a group discussion. The research was conducted largely in the elementary schools in Jihlava, where I managed to get the consent to the research in 6 from the total number of 10 elementary schools. The target groups were chosen three in total. The first one consisted of school prevention methodologists from the research sample, the second one was formed of the ninth-grade pupils of elementary schools from the research sample and the third one was composed of representatives of organizations and institutions realizing the preventive programs in elementary schools in Jihlava. There emerged current problems of the region. Foremost it is a lack of funds, a busyness of the school prevention methodologists, who have not got enough time to plan and to realize the quality and effective prevention. I consider as the most fundamental problem a mutual non-cooperation among subjects realizing programs of the primary prevention in the elementary schools in Jihlava. In conclusion of my thesis I have outlined several solutions of these problems.
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Effectivity of project Game again to AIDS
ŠÍMOVÁ, Michaela
Effectivenes of the Playing Against AIDS project The topic of my bachelor's thesis is the effectiveness of the "Playing Against AIDS" project. HIV/AIDS is one of the most serious diseases of today, and evokes feelings of fear among people. It is important to prevent the spreading of this disease through responsible behaviour, especially but not only in terms of sexual life. This is why I chose a topic concerning the prevention of this issue. The goal of my thesis was to summarise basic information about HIV/AIDS. I focussed on history and the current situation of HIV/AIDS, transmission routes, treatment and above all prevention. The "Playing Against AIDS" project devotes the greatest attention to prevention at elementary schools. The aim of the projet is to help youngsters graps the basic skills and knowledge about how the HIV virus is transmitted, thus pointing out its danger. The entire project is conducted in the form of a game. This unique method is highly effective, because all the students are involved in the game, are obliged to think about the issue and about their own attitudes and behaviour in potential risky situations. My objective was to map awareness about HIV/AIDS among pupils aged 12-14 years before and after participating in the "Playing Against AIDS" project. Research was conducted according to the axes for quantitative research using a questionnaire survey and secondary data analysis. The questionnaire was anonymous and consisted of six questions. I evaluated and compared the questionnaires, and determined that awareness among children about HIV/AIDS is fairly satisfactory, but not entirely sufficient. Prevention should be systematically promoted. One of the possible solutions is greater and better education not only among students, but for the public in general, and the expansion of lessons addressing this issue, as well as the active involvement of the entire pedagogical collectvive into the project.
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