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Play of Preschool Child
HANUSOVÁ, Tereza
A thesis deals with the theme of play of children at preschool age. In the theoretical part, the thesis focuses on the child at preschool age, in terms of its development, and also describes the most important moment at this age, namely child entering kindergarten and the socialization of children in kindergarten. It further describes the importance of play and describes the various types and forms of the game. The practical part focuses on the research of the game at home and in the kindergarten environment. Based on the observations of five children during their play at kindergarten and a subsequent interview with the mothers of these children, the difference of the children?s play of both type of environments was observed. The game of these particular children affected various determinants; namely sibling groups in which the child grows, the influence of television and computer games and a child entering kindergarten. Sibling groups significantly influenced the selection of a child?s playing partner in kindergarten, neither watching television nor computer games really inspired a child in his game; however the entry into kindergarten has a positive effect on the social behaviour of the child, but didn?t have a direct impact on the game. The research results show that the change of environment, respectively the home and kindergarten environment for the five investigated children does not have influence on the choice of mode of play, or the choice of toys. This suggests that once a child starts to prefer a style of play, it doesn't care about the playing enviroment.
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Home nursing procedures in newborn and baby skin care
GENGELOVÁ, Gabriela
Abstract Hygiene plays a very important role in our lives. It is often influenced by social, cultural, family and individual factors, as well as by knowledge about health and hygiene. The skin of a child is very soft and sensitive, and therefore requires careful and considerate care throughout the whole period of childhood, especially in the neonatal period and infancy. Skin care of newborns and infants is an essential attribute of the child?s health care. Such care is an individual matter, and it will always depend on family circumstances in which the child lives and on a suitable and proper approach of parents and physicians. The aim of this thesis was to determine the level of knowledge of mothers and the use of such knowledge in skin care of newborns and infants at home. The second objective was to prepare educational material for mothers. The thesis makes use of the questionnaire method. For this purpose, 274 questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire was distributed to mothers of newborns and infants, who take care of their skin at home. The investigation was carried out at pediatrics in the South Bohemian and Pilsen regions. The results of the research are introduced using graphs and some of the results are statistically evaluated by a chi-square test. Two hypotheses were set. Hypothesis 1: Mothers have enough information regarding the skin care of newborns and infants at home. Hypothesis 2: Mothers correctly use the acquired information about skin care of newborns and infants. We were successful in answering both hypotheses in the research study. The analysis and evaluation of the questionnaires shows that mothers are knowledgeable in treating skin of their children in the neonatal period and infancy. However, we managed to prove that some information of the parents is inconsistent with the literature. Therefore an educational material for mothers was created, focusing on skin care of newborns and infants. This educational booklet may be used at pediatric wards.
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The differences between the nutrition of Seniors in their natural home milieu and in retirements homes.
KAUCKÁ, Eva
In my degree paper I am dealing with the difference in the nutrition of seniors coming from the natural home environment and those living in retirement homes, especially from the view of quality and quantity of their diet. The theoretical part is focused on basic information of a well-balanced diet of seniors and the specifics thereof. I also mention the importance of drinking regimen there. Recommended daily intakeand resources of individual nutrients are of high importance, too. In old age, diet must be adapted to the current state of health. As a rule, light meals, easily digestible are selected. The practical part presents the results of the research aimed at the above mentioned issues. The information was obtained with the health of questionnaires and retirement home{\crq}s menus. The respondents were divided into two groups according to their place of living. The first group contained the seniors from the natural home environment, the second included seniors from retirement homes. The nutritional quality and quantity was monitored only in the selected sample of four respondents. In my my research I set two hypotheses. According to the results of the questionnaires only the second part of the second hypothesis was confirmed, while the first hypothesis and the first part of second hypothesis were not confirmed.
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