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Using metaheuristics for the transportation problem
Keshi, Silvia ; Pelikán, Jan (advisor) ; Fábry, Jan (referee)
Cílem práce je aplikace ACO optimalizačních technik na úlohu obchodního cestujícího a dopravní úlohu. V teoretické části práce je provedena literární rešerše dané problematiky. Dopravní úloha je pojednávána z různých pohledů, jednak z pohledu teorie grafů a také z pohledu teorie složitosti. Dále jsou popsány hlavní typy dopravních úloh včetně metod jejich řešení. Hlavní část práce je věnována metodám hejnové inteligence ve vztahu k dopravní úloze. Metody hejnové inteligence jsou zde zevrubně popsány včetně jejich biologického pozadí. Hlavní pozornost je věnována metodám optimalizace pomocí kolonií mravenců (ACO). Jsou uvedeny hlavní používané algoritmy ACO optimalizace, a metody jak postupovat, chceme li takový algoritmus navrhnout. Praktická část práce je věnována studiu jednoho z původních ACO algoritmů ? Ant System algoritmu.Byl studován vliv parametrů ? a ? které představují relativní význam feromonové stopy a heuristické informace (vzdálenosti). Byly zkoumány možnosti studia ACO optimalizace navržené v programu Matlab na jednoprocesorovém počítači, tyto se ukázaly jako omezené, charakter úlohy vyžaduje paralelní prostředí. Přínosem práce je zjištění, že na rozdíl od výše citované práce použitá implementace algoritmu dává dobré výsledky v širokém rozmezí parametrů ? a ?. Dále byly potvrzeny některé vlastnosti ACO optimalizace uváděné v literatuře, jako je postupné zhoršování průměrného výkonu mravenců po určité době běhu. Dalším zajímavým poznatkem bylo zjištění že zcela nepatrná změna ve způsobu generování náhodného prvku v rozhodovacím mechanismu má vliv na celkový průběh optimalizace.
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The Marketing Strategy of Specific Product
Fasselová, Iva ; Filipová, Alena (advisor) ; Zeman, Jiří (referee)
This Master Thesis describes marketing strategy of G2 Student Account that was adopted by Komerční banka, a.s. in 2007. Despite a strong competition , within a year after its launch the bank became a market leader in student accounts segment. Objectives of this work are to introduce theoretical approaches to marketing strategy creation, to depict activities connected to launching a particular marketing strategy and last but not least, to evaluate its results and propose possible corrections.
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Analysis of the Most Common Causes of Nuclear Fuel Failures During Operation
Ježek, Martin ; ČEZ,, Ondřej Zlámal, (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
Nuclear fuel failures during the reactor operation happen quite often in the world. The theoretical part of this thesis is dedicated to the most common causes of nuclear fuel failures. It describes failure mechanism and corrective actions. The unfavorable trends in nuclear fuel behavior are prevented by suitable method of nuclear fuel monitoring. Some of them may affect the safety of the power plant. For example, the fuel assembly bow affects the function of rod cluster control assembly. Another part, which describes inspection methods, is devoted to inspection and repair of nuclear fuel. The thesis concentrates on the Temelin NPP, where there was implemented post-irradiation inspection program for checking compatibility between Westinghouse's fuel assemblies and water chemistry of reactor VVER. This program continues even after the change of nuclear fuel supplier. Practical part of this thesis is dedicated to proposal of a new method of fuel assembly bow measurement for Temelin NPP based on ultrasound. This proposal is supported by measurement on the experimental device for detection of spacer grid position developed by Research Centre Rez.
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Analysis of case law from the perspective of abuse or circumvention of the tax law
Růžičková, Tereza ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Schvábová, Andrea (referee)
Everyone seeks to minimize his tax liability. Generally, we can say that reducing the tax burden takes several forms. In this diploma thesis I deal with specific area - "tax avoidance", which is properly defined in the first chapter. Analysis and subsequent synthesis of the jurisprudence of the Supreme Administrative Court evaluates the current state of interpretation and usefulness of individual instruments by the tax authorities "correct" avoidant behavior of taxpayers. Interpretation of Czech courts is supplemented by a specific key court decisions of the European Court of Justice, defining the rules of one particular instrument. Finally, a Czech tax policy recommendation on the need for adaptation and mainly the general principle against tax avoidance in the Czech tax law could be found at the end of this thesis.
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Launching of a new car model on the market
Biedermann, Petr ; Machková, Hana (advisor) ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (referee)
This master thesis is divided into three parts. First part deals with theoretical approaches in marketing strategy with special focus on activities connected to a launch of a new product. These theoretical approaches are compared to common practice in company Renault. Second part focuses on particular case of using marketing strategy -- launching of Renault Koleos model on the Czech market. In the final part of this work we evaluate results of this launch, we try to find weak points and propose corrections of company's marketing strategy.
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Geolocation in Internet using latency measurements
Harth, Petr ; Balej, Jiří (referee) ; Komosný, Dan (advisor)
This diploma thesis is concerned with practical realization of CBG (Constraint-based Geolocation) algorithm, which is one of the IP (Internet Protocol) geolocation technique. IP geolocation determines the localization of a computer workstation location on the basis of on its IP address. The factors causing delays in data transfer are discussed first, followed by discussion of the issue of measuring these delays. The detailed explanation of IP geolocation follows where its contexts as well as the active geolocation techniques (techniques based on delay measurement mentioned above) are described. After that a brief description of PlanetLab experimental network, which was used for geolocation techniques measuring, is presented followed by a section explaining the creation of reference points and targets, which are another necessary prerequisite for practical realization of the method. Then the practical realization is explained in the form of CBGfinder program and its verification on the basis of artificial input data along with an actual example of IP geolocation of a point in the Internet are provided. Last but not least the measurement results of CBG algorithm are introduced, based on the analysis of Bestline parameters of one of the PlanetLab nodes measured in the period of one month, followed by a discussion of the inaccuracy of geological position and the computation speed. The cumulative distribution function as well as the kernel density estimation are also described. Final part of the thesis consists of discussion on measured results compared to results of other geological techniques results implemented by colleagues of the author of this diploma thesis. The results are compared on the basis of average inaccuracy of geological position estimations and its median, computation time, cumulative distribution function and kernel density estimation are also taken into regard.
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Referential catalogue of public administration services
Mišurec, David ; Chlapek, Dušan (advisor) ; Popílek, Jaroslav (referee)
Aim of this diploma thesis is to develop a referential catalogue of public administration services, which should provide its users with summary of services provided by public administration. Theoretical part of thesis at first defines notions and presents problems connected with providing public administration services in context of development in period after Velvet revolution in Czech Republic. After that, work follows with global situation in European Union and concentrates on one country (Austria) and its services. During design of the catalogue was used actual knowledge and research about service providing, which reflects customer oriented approach and access through single point of contact. The necessity of splitting the whole process of service providing into two parts, service access and service execution part, is emphasized. Within design of catalogue are presented two main models -- domain model describing the structure of catalogue itself and service model, describing services. Based on analysis of possible uses and its integration potential with existing systems are defined its main benefits and is devised integrating principles designed in catalogue into "Portal veřejné správy".
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Market segmantation of dog food
Gruntová, Petra ; Koudelka, Jan (advisor) ; Vávra, Oldřich (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with marketing segmentation of food for dogs. The market is specified by companies existing on the market, devided into five pricing group. For better understanding of the problem there are mentioned also general principles of dog feeding and researches realized in past. Segments are revealed on basis of one segmentation criteria, other possible views are just briefly mentioned. Marketing strategy is suggested for three chosen target groups.
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Physiotherapy of a displaced disc with reposition of a temporomandibular joint
BROŽKOVÁ, Aya
The topic of my bachelor thesis is physiotherapy of a displaced disc with reposition of a temporomandibular joint. It is a functional disorder, when the mandible disc is not in a physiological position and creates an obstacle for a condyle movement. When mouth is fully opened the disc does not return to its original position. This moment is characteristic with a clicking sound. Another symptom is inclining of the chin to the disordered site when the mouth is being opened. Main cause of TMD is stress, bad occlusion and a long-term micro trauma of TMJ. It is a topical issue, because an increase of stress in daily life causes also more TMD. Almost 70 % of the population has the TMD, in most of the cases the TMJ disc is in a wrong position. The therapy of this kind of disorder should be done by physiotherapist. Unfortunately knowledge of diagnosis and healing of the TMD is not sufficient. The disorder is recognized usually by dentists, who send a patient to a specialized clinic. The goal of my work was examining of mastication and neck muscle spasms. In the work there are also described physiotherapeutic possibilities of healing including postural strategy. I have created informational booklet for patients, in which saving method for TMJ healing, exercises, ergonomic principles and correct posture both when sitting and standing are presented. The research was done by 14 case analysis, analytic-inductive method and experimental work. Patients were randomly divided into three groups. As a first step TMJ and cervical spine of each patient and their posture were examined. The examination of TMJ consisted of diagnosis, extent and symmetry of an opening movement and palpation examination of the cervical spine. Therapy was six weeks long. Each patient was introduced to TMJ saving method, which is based on limitation of a TMJ movement, eating soft food and elimination of stress. In the first group (5 patients) the therapy was focused only on mastication muscles. Patients were supposed to be exercising to loosen the muscles of mastication. Exercises were chosen after palpation examination. Third group (4 patients) did neck muscle exercises and self massage. Second group (5 patients) did the therapy of both first and third group. Results of the therapy show, that there is a possible connection between TMD and cervical spine dysfunction. There were positive (evaluated subjectively) changes in both TMJ and in all groups. The condition of TMJ is influenced by neck muscle therapy and the condition of cervical spine is influenced by mastication muscle therapy. Best results had the second group. All patients but one improved (one lady had a TMJ inflammation). There were no deterioration of TMJ and cervical spine condition either. There were some worsening in group one and three. The best therapy is a combination of exercises of both mastication and neck muscles. I would like to point out a fact that TMJ is one of the most complicated and busy joints in human body. Both TMJ are connected to mandible so dysfunction of one joint can lead to problems with the other one. Physiotherapy is needed most in cases of functional disorder.
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POUŽITÍ METAHEURISTIK K ŘEŠENÍ DOPRAVNÍCH ÚLOH
Kadelová, Silvia ; Pelikán, Jan (advisor) ; Fábry, Jan (referee)
Cílem práce je aplikace ACO optimalizačních technik na úlohu obchodního cestujícího a dopravní úlohu. V teoretické části práce je provedena literární rešerše dané problematiky. Dopravní úloha je pojednávána z různých pohledů, jednak z pohledu teorie grafů a také z pohledu teorie složitosti. Dále jsou popsány hlavní typy dopravních úloh včetně metod jejich řešení. Hlavní část práce je věnována metodám hejnové inteligence ve vztahu k dopravní úloze. Metody hejnové inteligence jsou zde zevrubně popsány včetně jejich biologického pozadí. Hlavní pozornost je věnována metodám optimalizace pomocí kolonií mravenců (ACO). Jsou uvedeny hlavní používané algoritmy ACO optimalizace, a metody jak postupovat, chceme li takový algoritmus navrhnout. Praktická část práce je věnována studiu jednoho z původních ACO algoritmů ? Ant System algoritmu.Byl studován vliv parametrů ? a ? které představují relativní význam feromonové stopy a heuristické informace (vzdálenosti). Byly zkoumány možnosti studia ACO optimalizace navržené v programu Matlab na jednoprocesorovém počítači, tyto se ukázaly jako omezené, charakter úlohy vyžaduje paralelní prostředí. Přínosem práce je zjištění, že na rozdíl od výše citované práce použitá implementace algoritmu dává dobré výsledky v širokém rozmezí parametrů ? a ?. Dále byly potvrzeny některé vlastnosti ACO optimalizace uváděné v literatuře, jako je postupné zhoršování průměrného výkonu mravenců po určité době běhu. Dalším zajímavým poznatkem bylo zjištění že zcela nepatrná změna ve způsobu generování náhodného prvku v rozhodovacím mechanismu má vliv na celkový průběh optimalizace.
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