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3D Physics Toolbox with Haptics Support
Čermák, Jakub ; Kmoch, Petr (advisor) ; Horáček, Jan (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to create software which would allow a user to simulate and study physical processes in systems of mass particles, which follow laws of classical mechanics and can collide together. The simplicity and easiness of control was emphasized, which corresponds to support of haptic devices, which can be used both for influencing running simulation and creation of the scene. It is possible to change parameters in physical properties of objects and environment (like gravitation or air density) and also to visualize affecting forces and other properties. It allows the user to explore physical processes. This work uses knowledge from many fields - mass particle mechanics, numerical integration used for application of physical laws, algorithms for effective collision detection and haptic interaction and force rendering.
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Comparison of measurements of the energy expenditure by movement sensors and other standartised methods
Machač, Stanislav ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee) ; Radvanský, Jiří (advisor)
The theoretic part of this dissertation examines the influence of excessive energy intake and low energy expenditure on development of lifestyle diseases. Walking is the most recommended example of basic movement activity and there are emphasised its main health benefits in the work. The theoretical part is further exploring the energy metabolism and focuses especially on the possibility of its measuring. In this work are compared referential methods of monitoring of the energy expenditure to the methods applicable in everyday life. The aim of the practical part is the evaluation of the energy expenditure calculated by algorithms of the Omron HJ-720IT and the SenseWear Armband. As the reference method has been used indirect calorimetry with the use of the analyzer of respiratory gases MedGraphics VO 2000. The monitored activity was the laboratory simulation of walking. The walking has been performed on electronic treadmill, which has generated the predefined speed, gradients and combinations of these factors. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Space Naval Combat - Space Battle Simulator
Krijt, Filip ; Klímek, Jakub (advisor) ; Malý, Jakub (referee)
The goal of this project is to try and implement a space action game Space Naval Combat utilizing the .NET framework and at the same time explore the potential of using the individual technologies of this platform for game development. In particular, the project involves using the following technologies: Windows Communications Foundation, Windows Presentation Foundation and LINQ to SQL combined with ASP.NET. The project also uses an open source library Lidgren Network, which is based on the UDP protocol, for network communication between the client and server components of the game. A crucial part of the project is also the utilization of the well-known nVidia PhysX physical simulation library, or rather its wrapper - Stilldesign PhysX.NET.
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Planets by Other Suns
Hrudková, Marie ; Harmanec, Petr (advisor) ; Budaj, Ján (referee) ; Torres, Guillermo (referee)
Exploring distant planetary systems can help us to understand our own. In this thesis, two methods are further investigated for this purpose. First, to detect Earth-mass planets highaccurate measurements of radial velocities and also accurate barycentric corrections are needed. The program for computing these corrections was developed. The accuracy achieved is few cm s1 and hundredths of s for radial velocity and time corrections, respectively. The program was used to compute barycentric corrections of the 51 Peg system, for which measurements with the 2-m Alfred-Jensch Telescope were taken and analysed. Second, the method of planetary transits was used for a transit timing study of two transiting exoplanetary systems, HD 189733 and TrES-1. The data were taken with the 4.2-m William Herschel Telescope and the 2.6-m Nordic Optical Telescope, La Palma. The program using the Markov-Chain Monte Carlo simulations was written for a purpose of a transit timing study to derive system parameters, mid-transit times and their uncertainties. An additional planet in a transiting system perturbs the motion of the transiting planet, and the interval between the mid-eclipses is not constant. Deviations from the predicted mid-transit times which can reveal the presence of other bodies in the system were analysed.
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Study of factors influencing the function of MntH, membrane transport protein of E. coli
Jurková, Ingrid ; Urbánková, Eva (advisor) ; Krůšek, Jan (referee)
MntH belongs to the Nramp family of transport proteins, and plays an important role not only in homeostasis of iron and manganese, but also in bacterial defence against the immunity response of an infected host cell. MntH co-transports divalent metal ions into the cell together with protons with a stoichiometry dependent on the membrane potential and extracellular pH. Using the redistribution potential dye diS-C3(3), we measured the effects of MNTH expression and MntH-mediated metal transport on the cell membrane potential and intracellular pH. Cells expressing MNTH were found to be hyperpolarised and their membrane potential was depolarised upon the addition of metal ions. In the theoretical part of our work, we explored general four-, six-, and eight-state carrier models that were modified by introducing the voltage dependence of all rate constants. Using mathematical modelling, we simulated the effect of various model parameters (including membrane potential, substrate concentration, and carrier or substrate charge) on substrate influx. We observed some of the transport characteristics described for MntH proteins such as variable symport stoichiometry that is influenced by the membrane potential and pH. However, for a more detailed simulation of the eight-state carrier model, more information about...
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Study of the relations between the structure and function of C - terminal vanilloid receptor TRPV1
Gryčová, Lenka ; Obšil, Tomáš (advisor) ; Heřman, Petr (referee) ; Urbánková, Eva (referee) ; Krůšek, Jan (referee)
Transient receptor potential channel vanilloid receptor subunit 1 (TRPV1) is a thermosensitive cation channel activated by noxious heat as well as a wide range of chemical stimuli. Although ATP by itself does not directly activate TRPV1, it was shown that intracellular ATP increases its activity by directly interacting with the Walker A motif residing on the C-terminus of TRPV1. In order to identify the amino acid residues that are essential for the binding of ATP to the TRPV1 channel, we performed the following point mutations of the Walker A motif: P732A, D733A, G734A, K735A, D736A, and D737A. Employing bulk fluorescence measurements, namely a TNP-ATP competition assay and FITC labeling and quenching experiments, we identified the key role of the K735 residue in the binding of the nucleotide. Experimental data was interpreted according to our molecular modelling simulations. Calmodulin (CaM) is known to play an important role in the regulation of TRP channels activity. Although it has been reported that CaM binds to the Cterminus of TRPV1 (TRPV1-CT), no classic CaM-binding motif was found in this region. In this work, we explored this unusual TRPV1 CaM-binding motif in detail and found that five residues from a putative CaM-binding motif are important for TRPV1-CT's binding to CaM, with arginine R785...
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Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium
Vlčková, Katarína ; Zvára, Karel (advisor) ; Kulich, Michal (referee)
In this paper, we describe various tests used to determine deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The tests described are: the exact test, the χ2 test with and without continuity correction, the conditional χ2 test with and without continuity correction and the likelihood ratio test. These tests explore the question whether a random sample has trinomic distribution with probabilities pAA = θ2 , pAa = 2θ(1 − θ), paa = (1 − θ)2 . In this work, we simulate data of sample size 100 and we estimate the probability of type I error and the power of the tests. In this case, we get the best results with conditional χ2 test. The estimate of the power of the likelihood ratio test and the χ2 test is one of the highest of all. On the other hand, these two test are anticonservative in some cases . 1
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Simulace dvojrozměrného toku kolem překážek za použití "lattice-gas" celulárních automatů
Tomášik, Miroslav ; Scholtz, Martin (advisor) ; Pavelka, Michal (referee)
Cellular automata constitues original computational methods, that found its application in many disciplines. The special class of cellular automata, so called lattice gas automata were succesfull in dealing with many challenges in hydrodynamic simulations, and they bootstrap one of the most perspective CFD methods, the Lattice Boltzmann models. In the theoretical part, we follow the evolution of the lattice gas automata, explore the theory behind them, and from their microdynamics, we derive the macroscopic equations. In the practical part, we implemented two distincet types of LGCA, the pair-interaction automata and FCHC. We applied them on the flow around obstacles of various shapes. The scientifically most relevant part concerns statistical properties of the turbulent flow simmulated by LGCA, but requires further research to conclude it. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Natural Sources of Chlorinated Volatile Hydrocarbons in Spruce Forest Undergrowth
Štangelová, Pavla ; Wimmer, Zdeněk ; Tesařová, E. ; Forczek, Sándor
Chlorine as one of the most frequently occurring elements in nature, is involved in biogeochemical\ncycles. Several anthropogenic and even natural sources of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons of\nemission is known, yet natural sources have not been explored enough. The aim of this study is to\ngather information of potential sources of chlorinated organic hydrocarbons in spruce forest\nundergrowth. Emissions of chlorinated volatile hydrocarbons of selected species of bryophytes,\nferns and fungi were measured by SMPE sampling technique and analyzed with GC-MS analysis.\nSodium chloride solution was used as a stressor to simulate increased environmental chloride load.\nTrichloromethane (chloroform) was found in most natural samples, dichloromethane,\ntetrachloroethene and tetrachloromethane were found occasionally. Increased chloride\nconcentration caused elevated emissions of trichloromethane and tetrachloromethane in some plant\nspecies.
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Gas Microsensors Based on Self-Organized 3D Metal-Oxide Nanofilms
Pytlíček, Zdeněk ; Husák, Miroslav (referee) ; Kolařík, Vladimír (referee) ; Prášek, Jan (advisor)
This dissertation concerns the development, fabrication and integration in a gas sensing microdevice of a novel 3-dimensional (3D) nanostructured metal-oxide semiconducting film that effectively merges the benefits of inorganic nanomaterials with the simplicity offered by non-lithographic electrochemistry-based preparation techniques. The film is synthesized via the porous-anodic-alumina-assisted anodizing of an Al/Nb metal bilayer sputter-deposited on a SiO2/Si substrate and is basically composed of a 200 nm thick NbO2 layer holding an array of upright-standing spatially separated Nb2O5 nanocolumns, being 50 nm wide, up to 900 nm long and of 8109 cm2 population density. The nanocolumns work as semiconducting nano-channels, whose resistivity is greatly impacted by the surface and interface reactions. Either Pt or Au patterned electrodes are prepared on the top of the nanocolumn array using an innovative sensor design realized by means of microfabrication technology or via a direct original point electrodeposition technique, followed by selective dissolution of the alumina overlayer. For gas-sensing tests the film is mounted on a standard TO-8 package using the wire-bonding technique. Electrical characterization of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm reveals asymmetric electron transport properties due to a Schottky barrier that forms at the Au/Nb2O5 or Pt/Nb2O5 interface. Effects of the active film morphology, structure and composition on the electrical and gas-sensing performance focusing on sensitivity, selectivity, detection limits and response/recovery rates are explored in experimental detection of hydrogen gas and ammonia. The fast and intensive response to H2 confirms the potential of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm as highly appropriate active layer for sensing application. A computer-aided microfluidics simulation of gas diffusion in the 3D nanofilm predicts a possibility to substantially improve the gas-sensing performance through the formation of a perforated top electrode, optimizing the film morphology, altering the crystal structure and by introducing certain innovations in the electrode design. Preliminary experiments show that a 3D nanofilm synthesized from an alternative Al/W metal bilayer is another promising candidate for advanced sensor applications. The techniques and materials employed in this work are advantageous for developing technically simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions for practical micro- and nanodevices, where the well-defined nano-channels for charge carriers and surface reactions may bring unprecedented benefits.
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