|
|
Etologie a působení člověka na koně
Kupská, Anita
There are many questions about the ethology of horse. This work represents the basic review natural behaviour of horses and requirements from human to horses behaviour. The first part of this work is about ethology of horses in herd, next follow in relation of human and predator to animal. Humans often do not considerate want to change nature of horses and repressed it, they are not able to secure the optimal conditions for horses stabling, that is why is the second part about diferences of horses behaviour between breeding in stable and in free environment. It is maybe the reason of genesis the bad habits, which are in the next part of my work along with their solutions and preventiv of origins. Suitables types of stabling for horses nature are in work too. There is a proposed methology for monitoring bad habits of horses in breeders world.
|
|
|
An experimental study of the feature theory: Is an eye e key stimul?
SÝKOROVÁ, Jana
The way, how birds discriminate and categorize their predators exactly, hasn't been known yet. More theoretic conceptions try to explain the mechanism of the categorization, one of them is the feature theory. The theory is based on that object is a compound of neutral and key features. We decided to examine this theory under labor conditions. We tested yellow expressive eyes of a predator, sparrowhawk, as a key stimul for recognition of predator by tits (Parus major). We used wooded dummies of the predator - sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) and a nonpredator - pigeon (Columba livia f. domesticus) and made chimeras between those two type that differed in eyes. Our results showed, that eyes really could be a key feature and it may works in a combination with other key stimuli.
|
|
|
Effect of stimulus size in discrimination and categorization processes in birds
NÁCAROVÁ, Jana
The mechanism of predator categorization has not been understood well yet. I examined how coloration pattern and predator size influence categorization by a prey under laboratory conditions. I tested the reaction of great tit (Parus major) to the plush dummies of sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), coloured as sparrowhawk, pigeon, robin and great tit. The same color variations were made in the sizes of a sparrowhawk and great tit. My results indicate that the coloration plays the main role in the recognition. The size is not important in the dummies coloured as the predator and the conspecific but it plays a role in recognition of other tested dummies (coloured as the pigeon and robin).
|
|
|
Influence of visibility in water column on predation pressure in predatory aquatic insects
PODHRADSKÁ, Eliška
The influence of abiotic factors on predation behaviour in predatory aquatic animals is reviewed. The most important factors are turbidity, light intensity and complexity of the environment. These abiotic factors are often combined with biotic factors. The second important part of thesis is the description of functional responses and influence of changes of visibility on individual components of predation behaviour. The review is complemented by laboratory experiments on two selected species of aquatic insects.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Key features and prototypes in visual predator recognition - laboratory experiments with Great Tit (\kur{Parus major})
TUMOVÁ, Petra
Categorization of predators is fundamental for birds? life. However, the mechanism is not well explained yet. Two basic theories of categorization were tested in the laboratory conditions, where we have the possibility to focus on the behavior of each individuum. In the experiments we focused on the relevance of the key features and colour patterns. The responses of the Great Tit to variously modified dummies of Sparrowhawk were observed. The results confirm that the bird does not recognize the predator only on the basis of the key features and the colour patterns have a essential influence on the categorization. Categorization of the predator is a complex process and it cannot be explained only on the basis of one psychological theory. A combination of the key features and a prototype of a particular category learned throughout its life is probably used.
|
|
|
Predatory insects and mites - information database and e-learning system
LENCOVÁ, Jana
Aim of thesis was to create an electronic version of an information database and the e-learning system, focusing on predatory insects and mites. The e-learning system provides information about the main types of predatory insects and mites used in biological plant protection, including the types of naturally occurring entomofauna and acarifauna agroecosystems in the Czech Republic. The system contains information about the taxonomy, morphology, development cycles, prey, methods of control, etc. Thesis is a combination of text, tables, photographs and line drawings from professional publications. The various components of the system are interconnected through hyperlinks. The system includes information on the ecotoxicology, dictionary terms and the ability to search based on various criteria. In the photo gallery you can find together 310 images, which are intended to create a picture of the morphology, development cycles and behavior of individual organisms.
|
|
|
THE EVALUATION OF PREDATION PRESSURE TO PHEASANT CLUTCHES IN HUNTING DISTRICT HS DOUDLEBY
TESAŘ, Jan
In a hunting district HS Doudleby was processed an overview about occurrence of wild population of pheasant and process of its quantity. Next was determined predation pressure to pheasant clutches with the assistance of clutch imitation by the form of terrain experiment. It was found out, that wild population of pheasant created stably approximately 30 specimens in the studied hunting district. Only after flood in 2002 happened a temporary decrease of quantity to approximately 7 specimens and after hard winter 2005/6 happened again a decrease of population about 10 specimens. By the evaluation of predation pressure to pheasant nests was determined, that from 17 nest imitations were 13 destroyed by not closer specified predators.
|
|
| |
guest ::
