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Impact of urban drainage on heavy metal concentration in aquatic ecosystems
Darmovzalová, Marie ; Komínková, Dana (advisor) ; Hořická, Zuzana (referee)
Urban streams are influenced by number of human activities. Diploma thesis discusses the impact of urban drainage (specifically storm water drains) on toxic metal concentrations, of, in one of Prague's minor creeks - Zátišský Creek. Zátišský Creek flows from the right side to the Vltava River. The creek is 3080 m long with a natural flow 1.9 m3 /s. The creek is affected by seven storm water drains and three rain settling tanks. The creek was monitored from April 2009 to June 2010 during this period six sampling campaign was conducted. The samples were collected from seven remote sampling points, located both upstream and downstream from the storm water drains and rain settling tanks. The impact of storm water drains was assessed based on monitoring of toxic metals content in different parts of the aquatic environments, samples of water, sediment and aquatic biota (benthic organisms and attached algae) were collected and analyzed. The sediment samples and organisms were dried by lyophilisation (freeze dry), and digested in a microwave oven using a solution of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Metal concentrations were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry utilizing instrument Solaar S. Overall nine metals were identified: cadmium, lead, nickel, chromium, copper, zinc, aluminum, manganese...
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Ecological evaluation of streams in protected area Křivoklátsko in Directive 2000/60/ES
Kesnerová, Lucie ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Matoušková, Milada (referee)
This thesis deals with the monitoring of water quality and aquatic sediments analysis in the protected area Křivoklátsko. Monitoring was carried out at 16 locations and there were determined 14 physico-chemical parameters . Sediment samples were collected once for the whole period at 14 locations in which was determine the content of metals. In each sediment sample there was analyzed content of selected metals. The results of analysis, water and sediment samples were evaluated according to the Directives and regulations giving limits for water and sediment. Due to the Czech Republic is a member state of the European Union, the state was also evaluated according to Water Framework Directive. Theoretical part of thesis decribes characteristics of metals, their forms in water and soils. This section also contain some informations about water framework directive 2000/60/EC as a great step in a water policy. Moreover there is a short history about development water quality in the Czech Republic. Experimental section contains standards for determining water quality, but indicating in particular the processing of sediment samples from sampling to determine concentrations. The following chapter deals with the evaluation of the results given by legislation - for water to the CSN 75 7221 and Regulation...
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Splňují ryby chované v biologickém rybníku napájeném vodou z ČOV požadavky na hygienickou kvalitu masa?
KAREŠ, Martin
This bachelor thesis focuses on impact analysis of the biological pond on the hygienic quality of the fish flesh. The main aim was to analyse toxic metals, persistent organic pollutants and organoleptic quality in the muscle of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), which was influenced by treated water from the municipal sewage treatment plant (STP). The experimental fish were exposed in biological pond Čežarka supplied by STP treated water and in control pond supplied by water from Blanice river. Toxic metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, As) and persistent organic pollutants (PCB, DDT, HCH, HCB) were analysed in muscle of 4 fish groups exposed for 0, 14, 30 and 90 days. The concentration of toxic metals and POPs were compared with valid hygienic limits for fish meat. An organoleptic evaluation was made at the end of the experiment focusing on the aroma, taste, odd-taste and consistency of fish meat. All measured parameters were in compliance with legislative regulations. Concentration of neither micropollutant exceeded valid hygienic limit. The concentration of observed pollutants in fish muscle after 90 days of exposure showed that the water from sewage disposal plant is not the significant source of analysed substances in the environment. However, the treated water from the STP is significant source of PPCPs, which are not limited for the fish meat by legislative regulations.
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Ecological evaluation of streams in protected area Křivoklátsko in Directive 2000/60/ES
Kesnerová, Lucie ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Matoušková, Milada (referee)
This thesis deals with the monitoring of water quality and aquatic sediments analysis in the protected area Křivoklátsko. Monitoring was carried out at 16 locations and there were determined 14 physico-chemical parameters . Sediment samples were collected once for the whole period at 14 locations in which was determine the content of metals. In each sediment sample there was analyzed content of selected metals. The results of analysis, water and sediment samples were evaluated according to the Directives and regulations giving limits for water and sediment. Due to the Czech Republic is a member state of the European Union, the state was also evaluated according to Water Framework Directive. Theoretical part of thesis decribes characteristics of metals, their forms in water and soils. This section also contain some informations about water framework directive 2000/60/EC as a great step in a water policy. Moreover there is a short history about development water quality in the Czech Republic. Experimental section contains standards for determining water quality, but indicating in particular the processing of sediment samples from sampling to determine concentrations. The following chapter deals with the evaluation of the results given by legislation - for water to the CSN 75 7221 and Regulation...
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Impact of urban drainage on heavy metal concentration in aquatic ecosystems
Darmovzalová, Marie ; Komínková, Dana (advisor) ; Hořická, Zuzana (referee)
Urban streams are influenced by number of human activities. Diploma thesis discusses the impact of urban drainage (specifically storm water drains) on toxic metal concentrations, of, in one of Prague's minor creeks - Zátišský Creek. Zátišský Creek flows from the right side to the Vltava River. The creek is 3080 m long with a natural flow 1.9 m3 /s. The creek is affected by seven storm water drains and three rain settling tanks. The creek was monitored from April 2009 to June 2010 during this period six sampling campaign was conducted. The samples were collected from seven remote sampling points, located both upstream and downstream from the storm water drains and rain settling tanks. The impact of storm water drains was assessed based on monitoring of toxic metals content in different parts of the aquatic environments, samples of water, sediment and aquatic biota (benthic organisms and attached algae) were collected and analyzed. The sediment samples and organisms were dried by lyophilisation (freeze dry), and digested in a microwave oven using a solution of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Metal concentrations were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry utilizing instrument Solaar S. Overall nine metals were identified: cadmium, lead, nickel, chromium, copper, zinc, aluminum, manganese...
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Assessment of sediments from the Vuznice resevoir (PLA Krivoklatsko) for agricultural purposes
Cepáková, Šárka ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Komínková, Dana (referee)
The Vůznice Reservoir is located in the Protected Landscape Area Křivoklátsko. The thesis took advantage of the special possibilities to sample bottom sediment from the drained reservoir's space. The Vůznice Reservoir is discharged only exceptionally. Concentrations of heavy metals were evaluated in the sediments' samples. Given values were compared with pollution limits under current legislation of the Czech Republic for possible application of sediments on agricultural land resources. In addition, the values were compared with the U.S. EPA limits, particularly with PEC and TEC. Selected heavy metals meet the required limits of Decree No. 257/2009 Coll. placed on the sediment. Key words: toxic metals, Vuznice, bottom sediment, application of dredged sediments on land
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Toxic metals in water and sediments of Brno water reservoir
Bořek, Tomáš ; Čelechovská, Olga (referee) ; Dočekalová, Hana (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with usage of the diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT) for the determination of labile metal species in the surface water and sediments of Brno water reservoir. Sediment and water samples were collected on the selected sides of Brno water reservoir on September and October 2008. The DGT technique was used for determination of depth profiles of Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni and Al. The DGT probes with three different thicknesses of diffusive layer were applied into the sediment samples. The obtained results gave the information about release of metals from solid phase into the pore water of sediment. The concentrations of Fe, Mn, Pb and Cd in sediments were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry after microwave decomposition. The DGT technique was used also for determination of Fe, Mn, Pb and Cd in surface water from Brno water reservoir.
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Assessment of contamination around the landfill Pozďátky
Sedláček, Jaroslav ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the characterization of the locality and on the evaluation of water contamination in a short distance from Pozďátky - the hazardous landfill. The occurrence of the selected contaminants is assessed. The samples were collected at five different locations: landfill leaks, the confluence of these leaks with the Prašinec creek, in other parts of the Prašinec creek affected by contaminated waters and on the very site of the creek Prašinec where no water pollution has been expected.
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Transport of selected metals from the soil to the plants
Šilerová, Iva ; Sommer, Lumír (referee) ; Dočekalová, Hana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the soil, contamination of selected heavy metals and transport of heavy metals from soil to plants. The entry of heavy metals, their reactions in the soil and their transport into the plant material are described here. Lead, cadmium and copper have been selected as the studied toxic metals. There are also described methods of soil sampling, sample preparation for analysis and determination of heavy metals in the sample.
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