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Fine and coarse aerosol particles in a student's club before and after a smoking ban
Valchářová, Tereza ; Ondráček, Jakub (referee) ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor)
This master thesis was tasked to find out how the parameter of interior atmosphere changes at student's club "Mrtvá Ryba", that means atmospheric aerosols sized from 0,524 to 20 micrometers. This work tries to show indoor aerosols before and after the smoking ban and its comparison. This work describes concentrations PM1 and PM10, and their behavior per day. Concentrations was measured by APS (Aerodynamic particle sizer). The measurement was the first step in the non-smoking club, then processing with retrieved informations in CoPlot, CoStat and Excel, where the statistical method has done, and comparison with previous values. T-tests was used for statistics and linear regresion. The result confirms, what was it supposed to, so concentracion values are significantly different. The average concentration of all measured days (six) of smoking campaign was at PM1 13,28 µg.m-3 and at PM10 23,38 µg.m-3. The average concentration of all measured days (thirty six) of non-smoking campaign was at PM1 4,88 µg.m-3 and at PM10 24,61 µg.m-3. Resulting concentration of aerosol particles was explicity lower at non-smoking period than at smoking period. Contamination of interior enviroment is influenced by many factors. The most important factor is presence of persons and their number, concentration of outdoor...
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Sklízecí mlátičky z hlediska hlučnosti a prašnosti
LÍKAŘ, Ondřej
The thesis is focused on the combine harvester in terms of noise and dust in the cabin, but also outside. The literature search is the basic data and concepts from areas combine harvesters, noise and dust. The actual measurements were carried out on the land at the four farmers. Measured the machines were different dates of manufacture. These are machines Fortschritt E 512 (1983), Fortschritt E 514 (1989), IH 2188 (1998) and Claas Avero 240 (2011). The results of measurement were graphically displayed and compared each other. The measured values were compared with the current legislation. These measurements showed that the noise does not just limit oldest machine. Dustiness been in this job for guidance only. Thanks dust measurements but we get a more complete view of the work environment in which the operator is exposed.
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Emise tuhých znečišťujících látek v chovu hovězího dobytka
DVOŘÁK, David
This thesis deals with the issue of air pollution, emissions of solids in the cattle farming. The measurements were carried out in accordance with the applicable methodology for the evaluation and the determination of the concentration of dust particles PM10 in the selected cattle farming enterprise. The measurements were carried out in a barn with the breeding of the Holsteinbreed on the farm in Radimovice u Želče and a nearby village Lom. The aim was to measure and evaluate the obtained data. Two cattle breeding companies were selected for the possible comparison. The main factor for comparing the breeds was that one breed is with bedding material and the other with a slatted floor. The measurements were performed with DUST TRAK II 8530 device. The theses also includes a description of this device.
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Rating mass concentration of airborne dust in road transport depending on the speed of vehicles
PÍŠEK, David
This thesis focuses on an evaluation of the mass concentration of airborne dust in road transport in relation to the speed of the vehicles. Initially described are airborne dust, its types, fractions and impacts on humans and living environment. Furthermore, the work devotes itself to the measures taken against dustiness, the effects and impacts of transport on living environment and the closely related EURO European emission limits. Part of the work also includes a description of the DustTRAK II 8530 measuring device and individual measurements of dustiness of fraction size 10 m (PM10) during the movement of two vehicles of different weights on selected transport routes. The values measured and their analysis show that the size of the dust matter concentration in the atmosphere is affected by several factors. The main factors are the level and nature of pollution and the type of transport routes, the intensity of traffic, the speed of passing vehicles, the chosen track of passing vehicles in the traffic lane and the distribution of dirt on the road.
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Air pollution - invisible threat?
Šitinová, Kristina ; Zajíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Louda, Jiří (referee)
This paper examines the influence of air pollution on humans. Suggesting the possible consequences of each action of air pollutants on human health but also the possible economic impacts of air pollution. It primarily exploers the effects of concentration of suspended particulate matter (PM10) on the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The response variable in the regression model serves to determine the effect of PM10 on the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was a percentage share of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among the clients of the General Health Insurance Company in individual regions of the Czech Republic. Explanatory variables were the mean annual concentration of PM10 and gross added value per capita. The model suggests that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Czech Republic and PM10 concentrations.
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Quantitative estimation of releases of airborne dust from the mine Bílina (Stage 2)
Sokol, Zbyněk ; Svoboda, Jaroslav
The aim of this study was to calculate the relative deposition of dust in the mine Bílina during the year 2012. The relative deposition was expressed in percentage of a total mass of dust that was created as a result of mining activities . These calculations were made for two sizes of dust (PM10 , PM2.5) and for different types of resources excavators, loaders, etc.). The annual average of the relative deposition was obtained by statistical processing of the calculated deposition for various meteorological scenarios. The scenarios were determined using the local meteorological measurements.
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Air pollution in Moravian-Silesian region and protecting population
PAJURKOVÁ, Romana
Air pollution is extensive problem throughout Moravian-Silesian Region and in addition impacts many lives in so settled agglomeration. Harmful substances that here aloft occur often in several fold go beyond limit for health protection, are toxic to environment and people who live there, therefore it is so important for protection of people to deal with this topic. It is necessary to determine, how much actually air pollution affects the health of the people. Hypothesis H1 deals with question. In cooperation with the Department of Air Protection Hydro meteorological Institute in Ostrava and Regional hygiene station of Moravian-Silesian region, were compared data of the current PM10 pollution particles weekly morbidity and acute respiratory diseases. If condition of the air worsens, sickness does not improve and when air quality is improving, declining disease and acute respiratory infections in the region - between air pollution and health status of the population is correlation. For hypothesis H2 was created questionnaire, and was distributed to resident of region with rate of return of 87 %. The most general questions were answered correctly. The issue came to the question of determining current situation, so H2 hypothesis was confirmed only partially. The only way how to do protecting the population it is functional warning. Also it was investigated by a special comparative method, when resident were warned in which value of the PM10. 38 % residents say, that they were never warned, so the hypothesis H3 was also confirmed partly. After analyzing the problem was created proposal how to deal with this situation in ORP Bohumín case. Inhabitants of the region were divided into two groups. Active group, it is a group of people who have internet connection and do not use it. It was therefore created information leaflet and stickers, whose main task is to attract attention and show the population, where information about current pollution can be found. Part of this leaflet is also notes, in which people were less informed in questionnaire. The second group is passive then ? residents who do not have internet access or they cannot us it. So it was crated a system of rotating information board, and design its location in the ORP Bohumín in an public areas, where accumulate a larger number of people. On such a board could be automatically sent actual time data through network communication. It would be also appropriate add alarm warning system, but its execution would have to be limited to a certain level due to the frequent exceed in most municipalities in the region. There would be also possibility to benefit a warning to citizens through the fire protection of Volunteer firefighter. Especially if was declared by smog situation. Of course there is a also the option to use warning sirens, but I think it such a way of warning could cause unnecessary panic. The following suggestions are valid for both groups. It was displayed map of Low Emission Zone form information available in ORP Bohumín. System of isolation green spaces.. It was also examined whether the type of activity plan prepared long-term inverse situation in the region, but according to HZS does not pose a threat to the region, which would require the declaration of emergency state. So developments of operational plan isn´t necessary yet. However, the time is main aspect for gradual improvement of the warning and informing the population. The results showed that the general awareness of the issue is sufficient, but is also necessary to pay attention to the current situation in order to reduce the health risks to the lowest level. I am not sure that citizens must learn how to reconcile with living in conditions, but they should be patient, of course contribute to improve this situation by for example informing themselves about current pollution.
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