|
Role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly.
VRZALOVÁ, Monika
The diploma thesis deals with problems of depression in older people. Mainly the work is focused on identifying and analyzing the role of nurses in screening for depression in older people in primary care, acute care, long-term care and home care. This thesis was focused on theoretical direction and was used the method of design and demonstration. In this thesis was set one main goals with five research questions. The main goal was to identify and analyze the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly. RQ 1: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 2: What is the role of the nurse in the primary care in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 3: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in hospitalized patients in acute care? RQ 4: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in seniors in long-term and home care? RQ 5: What rating scales and methods are used in screening for depression in the elderly? The thesis introduce the concept of depression. The following are specified the causes of and the important factors that affect depression in the elderly. It also deals the differences in the clinical symptomatology of depression in old age. It explains possibilities and various barriers in the diagnosis of depression. Another chapter introduces complete geriatric examination, diagnostic classification systems, possible screening methods and scales for detection of depression in the elderly population. It also deals methods of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment and its possible complications associated with older age. By reason of increased suicide rate caused by depressive disorder the issue of suicidal behavior in the elderly is introduced. The next chapter deals with the nursing process, which is used by nurses in practice. It consists of the evaluation of the patient's health condition, making nursing diagnosis, creating nursing plan and subsequent implementation and evaluation. The nursing process is also needy for providing quality care. The nursing process in the stage of nursing diagnosis, introduces possible nursing diagnosis for a patient suffering from depression, which are based on the latest classification. Finally is described the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly in different health facilities and their contribution to the timely evaluation of depression in the elderly. This chapter introduces the role of nurses, nursing screening and collaboration with a physician. The role of nurses in screening for depression in different medical facilities is based on the first phase of the nursing process of assessment. On the basis of objective and subjective information, the nurse will assess the overall health and mental condition of the patient. Primarily, it was investigated what is the role of the nurse in screening for depression. On the basis of content analysis and synthesis it was necessary to used and processed domestic and foreign literature. A number of relevant sources are the results of various studies and Meta-analyzes, mostly from abroad, but also from the Czech Republic. The thesis can serve as a basis for nurses. The result of this thesis is to create e-learning material available for students in the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice in the tutorial called Moodle.
|
|
Consumption of fiber in old age
ŠÁLEK, Jan
The theme of this bachelor thesis is the Consumption of fiber in the old age (seniors). Formerly, the dietary fiber was considered unnecessarily burdensome for human organism. Later, it was found that it has a relatively large impact on human health, especially by serving as a prebiotic for symbiotic bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. There is still prevailing opinion that roughage divides into a soluble and insoluble, despite that some types of fiber cannot be definitely classified and placed into any of these groups because they have characteristics of both of them. The daily recommended dose is 30 g. The qualitative research was used for elaboration of the practical part. The first goal was to find out how much fiber seniors consume. The second aim was to compare the consumption of fiber among elderly people living alone and the elderly living in retirement homes built for them. The research group, at the first research question, consists of 20 seniors from the Southern Region aged over 65 years. The research group, at the second research question, consists of five retirement homes from the whole Czech Republic. All respondents were given a record sheet for one week, and instructions on how to fill it. Acquired menus were subsequently re-calculated through the program "Nutriservis Professional". The results show higher consumption of fiber than the average in the Czech Republic, but there is still almost a half missing to get the recommended daily dose. There was observed BMI and its impact on the consumption of fiber. No significant effect was found, because overweight had all interviewees except one respondent. The financial limit is visible for evaluated diet of homes for the elderly, therefore, there are no whole grain products, vegetables and almost no fruit. Despite these limitations, the average consumption of fiber is almost equal to elderly people living alone. In conclusion, there is a proposition how to, despite the low funds, increase the intake of roughage, and avoid or, at least, reduce the problems associated with its low consumption. Recommendations for respondents are individual and given under each evaluation.
|
|
Nutritional care of children at pediatric clinics and hospitals
METELCOVÁ, Jana
The main goal of this work called Nutritional Care in Children's Hospital and Hospital facilities is to verify whether the nutritional standards created for older child patients meet the needs and are checked and if their physiological needs are fulfilled in chosen hospitals. The next objective is to evaluate the satisfaction of the hospitalised patients with the meals given to them by hospitals. The theoretical part of this work deals with nutritional care, therapeutic care and nutritional needs of adolescents. It further deals with nutritional risks and marginally mentions technological processes regarding meal preparation. The method of qualitative research was used by using questionnaires filled in by chosen children patients who were then interviewed. Children aged 10 to 14 were supposed to be on diet number 13, half of them were boys and the other half were girls. The research was conducted in the children's ward in the hospital in Jindřichův Hradec in December 2015 and in the same type of ward in the hospital in České Budějovice in February 2016. The initial number of respondents was five patients in each ward, then using snow ball sampling method their number increased into ten in each ward. The weekly menu according to which the meals were distributed was obtained from the catering facilities of the hospitals. By using the program "Nutriservis Profi" the contents of nutrients in the meals were obtained. The results gathered from the program "Nutriservis Profi" were compared with recommended values for particular age group defined by The Czech Society for Nutrition, so meeting the physiological needs of the patients could be evaluated. From the results it was found that both hospitals have problems with supplying enough fibre content, phosphorus and calcium in meals for children's patients. There is also sodium, potassium, cholesterol and vitamin C surplus in the menus. Thanks to the internship in both hospitals in Jindřichův Hradec and České Budějovice meeting the physiological needs of the children could be evaluated. Considering the fact that the previous evaluation revealed some imperfections, therapists from both hospitals should concentrate more on checking nutritional values in meals, consequently it was recommended to focus more on the variety of the menus and their improvement. There were also inadequacies in attendance at the children's ward. There was a comparison of the results from both hospitals, based on questionnaires and interviews from the children's point of view. Based on the data, children hospitalized in Jindřichův Hradec were more satisfied with the meals. In the conclusion there is a summary of the research and suggested suitable improvements for hospitals. There is a model menu for diet number 13 in the attachment which could be used by hospitals.
|
|
Gluten-free diet - reality in school facilities
JIRÁČKOVÁ, Marie
The topic of this bachelor thesis is gluten-free diet - reality in schools facilities. The goal of this work was to determine the number of school cafeterias in the Vysocina Region which provide gluten-free meals, to evaluate awareness of the canteen staff about preparation of the gluten-free diet and to describe the cooperation between the school cafeteria and family of the pupil with gluten-free diet. School meals are important to provide optimal intake of nutrition during the time the child spends in school, to establish proper eating habits and to better integrate the child into the group of its peers. Gluten-free diet is a necessary medical precaution especially for those with coeliac disease, in which case gluten can lead to villous atrophy, and for those with gluten allergy for whom gluten intake can cause anaphylactic shock. Adherence to the gluten-free diet is recommended also to those with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity diagnosis, although gluten causes only short-term complications, usually intestinal. The method of quantitative and qualitative research was used to make this thesis. The research sample consisted of 8 school cafeterias from the Vysocina Region which provide gluten-free meal to their pupils. Awareness about gluten-free diet principles of the managers of the cafeterias or of the cooks responsible for preparation of gluten-free meal was determined by means of semi-structured interviews. The calculation of the two-day menu of each cafeteria by means of the Nutriservis Profesional program was also part of this thesis. The results were compared with the recommended daily intake of energy, proteins, fat, and saccharides for pupils of elementary and secondary schools. The results of the quantitative research show that gluten-free diet is provided by only a small percentage of school cafeterias in the Vysocina Region. The qualitative research prove sufficient awareness of the cooks about gluten-free diet, with awareness of those cooks directly responsible for preparation of gluten free meals being at much higher level. It was also determined that the cooperation with parents of pupils with gluten-free diet is a usually one time occasion limited to an arrangement of nonperishable gluten free meal packages.
|
|
Patients satisfaction with the provided services. An important indicator of the quality of health care facilities.
MALANÍKOVÁ, Jana
My master's thesis which topic is "Satisfaction of patients with the services provided. An important indicator of quality of medical equipment " is mainly focused on satisfaction of patients with the services provided in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. Furthermore, the mapping focused on overall satisfaction with care in the already mentioned Hospital České Budějovice and on exploring whether patients evaluate the quality of information provided by a medical doctor in this hospital affirmatively and whether they are satisfied with care of local nurses. The satisfaction of patients is an important indicator of the quality of care provided, which has an impact on their status of basic human needs. One main purpose was determined: Monitoring the satisfaction of patients with the services provided in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. and this purpose was fulfilled. Quantitative research was executed, to its realization the interview method was used. By means of the technique of standardized anonymous questionnaires on the basis of the above-mentioned purpose,the 3 following hypothesis were verified: 1) Patients are satisfied with the overall care in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. 2) Interviewed patients evaluate the quality of information provided by a medical doctor in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. affirmatively 3) Interviewed patients are satisfied with the care of nurses in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. I processed the data to confirm or refute the pre-established hypotheses. The evaluation of the data was carried out using statistical nonparametric methods, Chi-square test and the chosen level of significance of p=0.05. The results of the research have been clearly processed into the tables and graphs. The program Microsoft Office Excel 2010 was used to process the results.
|
|
How to prevent the proliferation of Legionella pneumophylis in hot water in the hospital Czech Krumlov
TUREK, Jan
This diploma thesis deals with microbiological quality of hot water in a hospital in Cesky Krumlov as well as hot water piping condition with respect to Legionella. It also deals with arrangements for improving the quality of hot water in this hospital. The subject and target of this thesis are the findings of the mentioned parameters based on own observations, technical documentation and analysis of warm water performed by an accredited laboratory. The hospital in Cesky Krumlov, the construction of which began in 1909, was built in 1911 as the 'Nemocnice Císaře Františka Josefa I.' As the time went by, new buildings were built up. The hospital was renamed to 'Všeobecná veřejná nemocnice' in 1942. In the following years the hospital expanded until the current condition. Water quality and presence of Legionella is a world-wide issue, which we must fight against. The thesis is divided into two parts. First, theoretical part, which includes both general and specific knowledge about Legionella, its health risks, the environment in which it occurs, possibilities of eliminating, suitability of the material for hot water pipes, gained in professional literature and a part of the Czech legislation dealing with public health protection, the law 'No. 258/2004 Coll.' in actual version and quality of drinking water and hot water. In the second, empirical part, I focus on the situation of the hospital in Cesky Krumlov from 2009 till 2015, concerning newly built boiler room and the whole distribution system of hot water regarding Legionella. Particularly I focused on materials used for ecologisation of the gas boiler room and materials used for hot water pipes and actual state of water distribution in individual buildings of this health care facility. I mentioned the analysis of the water samples performed by an accredited laboratory with corresponding technical documentation, which concerns the water distribution system, provided by the medical facility. I used secondary data analysis to evaluate these documents. Regarding the results from 2009 to 2015 the microbiological quality of warm water doesn't meet the limits defined in the Attachment No. 3 of the above mentioned law Order 252/2004 Coll. Limit value for colony forming units of Legionella is set to maximum of 100 CFU. In most of the samples this limit was exceeded by series of units up to hundred thousands of units. The last results in 2015 prove improvement of the unfavorable situation. In that year the analysis was tested three times. First in February, where the CFU units were 'only' in hundreds, with the top value of 550 CFU in the Postacute Care ward. Second analysis was performed in June that same year. Results were acceptable. The highest value was 64 CFU. Last analysis in the hospital was performed in December. Increased concentration of Legionella was again in the Surgery building. There were established of 1400 colony forming units. There were 300 CFU in the Postacute Care ward and the limit value of 100 CFU was in the ward of Internal medicine. The answers to research questions 'How to prevent reproduction of Legionella peumophylis in the water distribution system of the hospital in Cesky Krumlov?' and 'How to ensure a sufficient amount of quality hot water in the medical facility?' are included at the end of the stated recommendations. A risk factor causing the fast reproduction of Legionella is the old water distribution system in most of the buildings and low water temperature of water leaving the boiler, which is 55°C. All mentioned results and evaluations are included in this thesis as well as attached pictures, which show the environment and situation within the Health Care Institutions.
|
|
Use of e-learning education of universal nurses in Militari university hospital - University hospital Prague
JANKŮ, Kamila
The diploma work submitted is called The Use of E-Learning Education of Nurses in the Central Military Hospital Military University Hospital Prague. The theoretical part of the diploma work deals especially with the significance of e-learning, distance learning, history of education of nurses in the Czech Republic and e-learning in health care. In addition, the work includes information of the Central Military Hospital and describes its present circumstances and use of e-learning in the working process. 5 aims and 4 hypotheses were set for the quantitative research. The first aim was to determine the time demands of the e-learning courses study. The second aim was to determine the attitude of general nurses to e-learning education. The third one focused on contribution of e-learning education for general nurses and for the hospital management. The last aim focused on satisfaction of general nurses with the form, contents and diversity of e-learning courses. The fourth aim was used to determine reasons leading for development of e-learning courses for general nurses. Four hypotheses were determined: H1: It takes less time to complete e-learning course studies than regular studies. H2: Nurses younger than 30 years of age prefer e-learning education unlike nurses older than 30. H3: The effectiveness of regular studies is better than the effectiveness of e-learning education. H4: E-learning courses are not as financially demanding as regular courses. The data collection technique consisted in our own anonymous non-standardized questionnaire containing 32 items. The research file consisted of 212 general nurses working in clinical departments of the Central Military Hospital. An additional method was based on a dialogue with the Education Team Manager of the Central Military Hospital. The research results related to the hypotheses show that completing e-learning course studies does not take less time than completing a regular course. Nurses younger than 30 years of age do prefer e-learning education contrary to nurses older than 30. The effectiveness of regular courses in contrast to e-learning education has not been confirmed as well as the fact that financial demands of an e-learning course are lower than financial demands of a regular course. Further, nurses prefer regular forms of studies, mostly with their passive participation in an educational event; however, they find completion of e-learning courses more convenient. Most respondents also expressed a positive opinion on the form, contents and diversity of e-learning courses. Courses include enough information for preparation of a final test and nurses find the number of courses necessary for periodical evaluation adequate. What they consider limiting is the impossibility to retake the final test; they mostly suggested it should be allowed to take the final test twice or three times. The research implies that a higher percentage of the respondents spend as much time as they want studying. Nurses still prefer regular forms of studies with passive participation to the e-learning form. Most nurses have a positive opinion on the current contents of courses in the form of a text format. The course topics are mostly based on suggestions by members of the Non-Medical Professions Education Team of the Central Military Hospital. The research results will be presented at the next regular meeting of members of the Non-Medical Professions Education Team of the Central Military Hospital. Procedures for improvement of the form of the current courses will be presented and proposed as well as the possibility to develop communication between the author and students, the limiting impossibility to retake final tests and the suggestions concerning the number of possibilities to retake them.
|
|
The introduction of quality management system according to ISO 9001
Kunzová, Kateřina ; Štůsek, Jaromír (advisor)
The thesis describes the design process and the documents required to meet the standards associated with the effective implementation of a quality management system according to DIN EN ISO 9001 in organization Zinková slévárna - Ing. Karel Dítě.
In the theoretical part of the work I explain the basic concepts and issues relating to the use of literature associated with the ISO 9001 Quality Management System. This section also describes the general process for implementing the standards within an organization. Following on from this, I have used the knowledge gained from the theoretical section within the practical part of the thesis.
The practical part of my work includes a description of the selected organization from several perspectives - it is a focus, organizational structure, customer and supplier portfolio. This section also analyses the current state of the organization and includes a proposal to meet the ISO standards. The final section contains the documents necessary for the implementation of ISO 9001 within the organization, so that the quality management system corresponds to the prescribed standards.
|
|
The introduction of quality management system according to ISO 9001
Kunzová, Kateřina ; Štůsek, Jaromír (advisor)
The thesis describes the design process and the documents required to meet the standards associated with the effective implementation of a quality management system according to DIN EN ISO 9001 in organization Zinková slévárna - Ing. Karel Dítě.
The theoretical part of the work focuses on the history, where I explain the basic concepts and issues relating to the use of literature associated with the ISO 9001 Quality Management System. This section also describes the general process for implementing the standards within an organization. Following on from this, I have used the knowledge gained from the theoretical section within the practical part of the thesis.
The practical part of my work includes a description of the selected organization from several perspectives - it is a focus, organizational structure, customer and supplier portfolio. This section also analyses the current state of the organization and includes a proposal to meet the ISO standards. The final section contains the documents necessary for the implementation of ISO 9001 within the organization, so that the quality management system corresponds to the prescribed standards.
|
|
Importance of communication elements for management
Kopeckij, Alexandr ; Fiedler, Jiří (advisor) ; Stanislav, Stanislav (referee)
The thesis Importance of communication elements for management focuses on finding the importance of communication and communication elements, importance and use of communication forms, communicated content and channels of communication in the work of managers. The thesis is divided into a theoretical solutions and actual own work. In the first part, which deals with the literature review, there is information related to communication and management. theoretical solutions obtained in the literature research are subsequently reflected in the actual processing of the own work.
Own work is processed to determine the role played by communication and its elements in the work of managers. To obtain the necessary information has been compiled questionnaire, in which the questions were based on the findings obtained in the literature research. The data obtained were subsequently analyzed.
|
guest ::
