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A study of the hydration of calcium aluminate cement in an excess of silica fume
Nehéz, Samuel Emil ; Švec, Jiří (referee) ; Novotný, Radoslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the effect of silica fume (microsilica) on the hydration process of alumina cement (CAC). During the preparation of the samples, the effect of the amount of microsilica and the effect of the hydration temperature on the formation of hydration products were investigated. Microsilica was always in excess compared to alumina cement. The characterization of the raw materials was carried out using particle size measurement and calorimetry. In the case of the samples themselves, calorimetric measurements showed that the hydration process is divided into two separate events. Thanks to this, it was possible to stop the hydration at the desired time and examine the emerging hydration products. The presence of silica fume caused the formation of characteristic hydration products - strätlingite (C2ASH8). It was found that as the temperature of hydration increases, the resulting products form more quickly. Increased hydration temperature had a negative effect on mechanical properties. The properties and characterization of the prepared samples were further investigated using XRD, TG-DTA and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
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BEHAVIOUR OF CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITES EXPOSED TO HIGH TEMPERATURES
Nováková, Iveta ; Chobola, Zdeněk (referee) ; Sitek,, Libor (referee) ; Wallevik, Ólafur Haralds (referee) ; Pimienta, Pierre (referee) ; Bodnárová, Lenka (advisor)
Fire resistance is becoming increasingly important along with the development of new concrete types with high strength and dense structure with reduced porosity. Such concrete types are susceptible to fire spalling and extensive crack formation. At the moment, there are a limited number of methods for enhancement of fire resistance of existing structures, which could be applied in underground structures with restricted space and limited air exchange, such as tunnels, underground garages or nuclear powerplants. This work is focused on the development of two methods, and both are dealing with porous structure modification. The first method is intentional heat treatment (IHT) method, suitable for the enhancement of fire resistance of existing structures. The second method emphasized the design of air-entrained concrete (AeA-FiResCrete) with the use of “new generation” air-entraining agents suitable for enhancement of fire resistance of newly designed concrete. Testing of compressive strength, porous structure modification was completed by the analysis of “moisture clog,” which contributes to explosive spalling and extensive cracking. The efficiency of developing methods was verified during large-scale testing according to modified ISO834 (m-ISO) curve. No extensive crack formation or explosive spalling was observed during the exposure period during the large-scale testing of slabs with the applied IHT method. The total thickness of the IHT method with configuration IHT200/2, composed of IHT zone and IHT transition zone, penetrated to the depth of 25,5 to 43,0 mm depending upon various concrete types. Moisture clog in AeA-FiResCrete was more significant than in the case of slabs with applied IHT method, and it could be concluded that the IHT method enhances fire resistance of concrete exposed to elevated temperatures without influencing its compressive strength and durability. Results from AeA-FiResCrete testing showed only a slight improvement of its fire resistance.
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Improving of dispersion of silica fume in high performance concrete
Janča, Martin ; Koutný, Ondřej (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
The goal of this work was to create a method for improving the dispersion of silica fumes for use in high performance concrete. Traditional methods used to design and manufacture high performance concrete emphasize the removal of coarse aggregates. Use of specially sorted fine aggregates at relatively low doses, the use of super-plasticizers and siliceous excrement. The low water content was achieved by using superplasticizer on a polycarboxylate basis. The standard ultrasound technology found in each laboratory was selected for the dispersion of silica fume. For experiments were we used dry silica fume powder and aqueous stabilized suspension. For comparison, were prepared different mixtures which showed the effects of the treatment prior to the use of silica fume.
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The development of ultra-high strength (UHPC) and reactive powder (RPC) composites
Rundt, Lukáš ; Hela,, Vlastimil (referee) ; Hela, Rudolf (advisor)
Bachelor’s thesis studies ultra-high strength concrete and reactive powder composites. In theoretical part there are researched and described properties of raw materials used for their production, mainly additions. Design methodology, processing and types of curing are also studied. Psychical mechanic and durability properties of fresh and hardened concrete are described. In practical part 4 mixtures were designed and prepared and their rheological properties, strengths after 7 and 90 days in case of UHPC and strengths after 7, 28 and 60 days in case of RPC were tested.
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Optimizing the composition of micro concrete admixtures.
Juříková, Denisa ; Křížová, Klára (referee) ; Hela, Rudolf (advisor)
The aim of this paper is to summarize knowledges related to the use of fine-grained admixtures in cement composites. By utilizing of these admixtures it is possible to achieve extreme properties, especially high strenght and durability of concrete. These properties can be achieved by optimizing the density of the binder and filler in range of 0 to 0,25 mm. Therefore, large part of thesis is focused on admixtures and its effect on concrete. The experimental part of the thesis deals with optimization od selected admixtures in combination with cement to achieve the minimum of the voids and their compressive strenght were determined at 1, 3, 7, 28 and 60 days.
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The influence of zinc oxide on the cement composite with silica fume.
Dobiáš, Jiří ; Koutný, Ondřej (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of zinc oxide on the properties of blended Portland cement mixed with silica fume. On the pastes were monitored flow properties and by using of isoperibolic calorimetry process of the hydration. On the prepared samples were studied mechanical properties of obtaining values of compressive and flexural strength after 1, 7 and 28 days. By using of XRD were measured phase composition and microstructure development war observed by SEM. The elemental composition of cement leaches was measured by using of ICP-OES.
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Optimization of the concrete composition with the use of recycled concrete aggregates
Skriňáková, Eva ; Holák, Michal (referee) ; Hela, Rudolf (advisor)
Concrete as a building material is subject to continuous innovation and thanks to advanced technology and quantum of research, its properties are still improved. It is logical that the more concrete we produce, the more waste it arises. The volume of this waste can not be stored in landfills endlessly, nowadays most of the waste economies in the world are trying to recycle concrete rubble. The recycling is not such a problem, the technology has been long verified but the quality of the recycled concrete aggregate is unquestionably one of the primary assumption which leads to accomplish required properties of concrete. In fact, the recycling process is „crushing“ the concrete into particles with an effort to eliminate the cement paste on the surface of the aggregate. An ideal solution would be create a resistant and firm coating that would adhere perfectly to the cement matrix. This diploma thesis is focused on the properties of recycled concrete aggregate and methods of improvement and optimization of the concrete mix composition.
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