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Applied Behavior Analysis, Therapy in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
HOLCOVÁ, Stela
The Bachelor's thesis focuses on applied behavioural analysis and therapy for children suffering from autism spectrum disorder. The Bachelor's thesis aims at analysing the opinion of parents of children with ASD on applied behavioural analysis. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical section contains six chapters discussing the theoretical definition of autism spectrum disorders and applied behavioural analysis. The practical part consists of a quantitative research strategy using a questionnaire survey method. The respondents were the parents of children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. A total of 205 respondents participated in the research. The obtained data were assessed using descriptive statistics in MS Excel software; the hypotheses were tested using IBM SPSS statistical software applying t-test and ANOVA techniques. The research results indicated that the awareness of parents of children diagnosed with ASD about the applied behavioural analysis is relatively high; nevertheless, a significant percentage of respondents had never been informed about this approach. Based on the research results, the attitude of parents of children with ASD towards applied behavioural analysis appears to be neutral. Parents generally did not observe any effects when the applied behavioural analysis was used. The first hypothesis investigated whether any positive effects of applied behavioural analysis were influenced by the type of autism, while the second hypothesis tested whether the age of their child influenced parents' more positive attitudes towards applied behavioural analysis. However, neither hypothesis was confirmed; the results failed to indicate any statistically significant difference. The Bachelor's thesis may provide feedback to therapists or organisations practising applied behaviour analysis. It may also help raise awareness of the therapy for parents of children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder.
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Therapies Used in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
CAPOUCHOVÁ, Andrea
The bachelor thesis deals with therapies used in children with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to find out what effect therapies have from the parents' point of view on the development of a child who has an autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, this work focuses on what therapies children with autism spectrum disorder use and how often these children use therapies. Within the research, a qualitative research strategy was chosen. The qualitative research strategy used half-structured interviews with parents of children with autism spectrum disorder aged between 2 and 18 years. The selection of the research group was realized using the snowball method. Half-structured interviews were literally rewritten and then evaluated using open coding, and the codes were categorized. The results showed a positive effect of therapies on children with autism spectrum disorder. A positive influence means that the therapy has a positive effect on children with autism as certain changes are visible after completing the therapies. The biggest influence of therapies was found in communication, followed by imitation and understanding. In the past, nine therapies were used in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder, but ABA therapy was used the most and music therapy and zootherapy were also very popular. Currently, half of the communication partners do not use any therapy. However, seven therapies are used at this time, where videotraining of interactions is the most applied. The frequency of use of therapies in children with autism spectrum disorder varies, but often therapies are used daily or never. With the help of this bachelor thesis, I expanded my knowledge about the issue of autism spectrum disorders and the therapies that can be applied in children with autism. We can never say for sure which therapy is the most suitable for a child with autism spectrum disorder because each person is unique and responds to therapies differently. The bachelor thesis can serve as feedback for therapists working with children with autism spectrum disorder.
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Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Inclusive Education at Primary School
KOSTKOVÁ, Hana
The Bc. thesis deals with pupils with autism spectrum disorder at the first grade of primary school. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part has two chapters. The first one defines autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and their kinds. It also describes the typical manifestations of children with autism. The second chapter describes the inclusion of children with ASD in primary school, a role of an assistant of teacher and the relationships among classmates and pupil with autism. Facilities and organisations that can assist to schools and families in education of children with ASD are mentioned in the thesis as well. The main aims of the thesis were: to find available information on the inclusion of children with ASD, to find out the current experiences of assistants of teacher working with ASD children and finally, to check for up-to-date data on children with ASD in the South Bohemia region. The practical part was performed by qualitative research campaign using two methods: a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview. The thesis contains an evaluation of ten questionnaires with experiences of assistants of teacher working with a pupil with autistic spectrum disorder and their experience in the process of inclusion. Furthermore, current data on numbers of children with ASD in the South Bohemia region and information on the inclusion of pupils with ASD in common primary schools were obtained from the interpretation of the interview with a worker of the Specially Teaching Centre in České Budějovice. It can be concluded, because of application of inclusion, pupils with ASD have the same educational opportunities as other pupils at a common primary school.
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The Possibilities of alternative and augmentative communication for clients with ASD
ZEMANOVÁ, Kristina
The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and behavior disorders. The aim of the work is to find out whether families with children with autism spectrum disorder use some of the AAC methods and whether, in their opinion, it is possible to prevent problematic behavior using an alternative communication system. The aim of the work is also to find out whether the use of AAC methods does not hinder the development of speech and, on the contrary, whether speech production can improve. The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of communication with clients who do not communicate verbally and at the same time do not use any of the AAC methods. The theoretical part, based on the study of academic literature, explains the basic term of autism, its characteristic signs and briefly characterizes the individual disorders of the autistic spectrum. It also deals with the definition of behavior disorders, communication and AAC methods that can be used when working with clients. The aim of the practical part is to analyze the data obtained by observation and evaluation of written questionnaires. The observation and questionnaire survey was carried out at the Children's Psychiatric Hospital in Opařany as part of respite care led by APLA South Bohemia. The method of quantitative research of questioning was used in this work and the results can be used by parents of children with autism spectrum disorders for the possible development of communication skills.
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Autistic siblings in a casual class in the kindergarten
PINGITZEROVÁ, Eva
The thesis deals with the inclusion of children with autism in regular kindergartens, it presents the breadth of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders and the differences in individual diagnoses, even in sibling pairs of preschool children. It describes the way these children work and adapt to the environment of a regular kindergarten, also to the way of education and preschool education.
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Preparation of preschool Child with ASD for Beginning of School
SVOBODOVÁ, Pavlína
This bachelor's thesis describes the preparation of a preschool child with autism spectrum disorder for compulsory school attendance. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to verify possibilities for using the educational evaluation profile of a child with autism spectrum disorder up to age of 7 while using individually focused ways for elementary school preparation. The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis is focused on pervasive developmental disorders. Other developmental disorders are very often associated here and therefore is also focused on mental retardation. The practical part shows the qualitative research which is conducted in a kindergarten established under Section 16 paragraph 9 of the Czech education act. Case studies of selected children are presented here and possibilities of using the educational evaluation profile for creating an individual intervention plan are shown. Individual items in the profile are filled in with the assistance of observation and practical experience with the child. Based on the evaluation, the child's level of development is determined. The outcome of the practical part is that the educational evaluation profile is fully sufficient for providing an individual intervention of particular child with autism spectrum disorder.
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Current possibilities of creating visual support for children with autism spectrum disorders in preschool age
PŘIBYLOVÁ, Pavla
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of autism spectrum disorders, or more precisely with. the topic of how special education teachers and teaching staff of ordinary kindergartens and schools or classes established according to article 9 paragraph 16, approach the creation of visual support for children with autism spectrum disorders in preschool age. In the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis, the individual chapters deal with the characteristics of autism spectrum disorders, the issie of communication skills in children with autism spectrum disorders and the use of alternative and augmentative forms of communication. The practical part is devoted to clarifying the approach of pedagogical staff of the issue of creating and using visual support for this target group. The research plan is determined by means of a questionnaire survey, which was attended by 100 teaching staff throughout the Czech Republic. The results show that the vast majority, i.e. 97 %, of respondents use visual support in their work. The questionnaire survey showed that the most used form of visual support are pictograms and the most common programs for creating visual support are MS Office programs. As the biggest principle in creating visual support, the respondents mentioned the need to proceed according to the individual needs of the child, while they use visual support mainly in the area of communication and daily routine.
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Social Work With the Family, Where Lives Child With Autism
JUŘÍKOVÁ, Marcela
The bachelor thesis deals with social work with the family of a child with one of the autism spectrum disorders in the early intervention environment, after which the aim of this thesis is to list the possibilities of support and assistance to families with autism in terms of social work, especially early care. The thesis contains not only a general and specific characteristics of a child with autism and his family where a child lives, but also a comprehensive range of social services, an overview of available contributions and social benefits to which the family is entitled in such a situation. In the last chapter, there are real stories of families with an autistic child.
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The role of volunteer in Context of Social Work with family taking care of a child with autism spectrum disorder
RAABOVÁ, Veronika
The family is the basic unit of society and the most important primary group in the socialization of the individual. If a child with an autism spectrum disorder is born into a family, it is a big shock for its members. There are a number of social services for these families that can help them with this difficult fate. The question is whether the child does not need a different form of attention than the one he/she receives from organizations providing these services. The volunteer could be an excellent helper in these families and an indispensable friend for the child. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to describe the role of a volunteer working in a family caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder as a supplement to social work with the family. To achieve the goal, the method of qualitative research and a form of questioning through a semi-structured interview was chosen, and the results were interpreted using the method of clusters. Based on the research, it is clear that the volunteer becomes an important support for the whole family and, above all, a much-needed friend of a child with an autism spectrum disorder. Its benefit lies not only in the child's development through play, but it is also a significant support for the child's parents. The research also reveals the risks of cooperation between a volunteer and a family caring for a child with an autism spectrum disorder. These are the volunteers' imperfect communication skills and parents' concerns about the insufficient training of these volunteers in the field of autism spectrum disorders. But all this is perfectly replaced by his/her indispensable help in the family. The bachelor thesis can serve as an information source for families with children suffering from autism spectrum disorder about the possibility of volunteer help. At the same time, this paper can strengthen the motivation of volunteers to volunteer in these families.
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Employing Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
MATĚJÍČKOVÁ, Kristýna
The Bachelor's thesis deals with the employment of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of the paper is to find out the opinions or experience of employers regarding the employment of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. It also strives to map the experience of social workers focusing on social work with individuals with autism spectrum disorder in the field of employment. The results of both research groups shall be compared and the reasons for the low number of jobs for individuals with autism spectrum disorder shall be found. A qualitative approach was chosen for the research. The data was obtained by the method of questioning using semi-structured interviews with social workers and employers. The evaluation was performed using the method of clustering. It has been found that the offer of jobs for individuals with autism spectrum disorder is very low and finding suitable employment is a huge problem for these individuals. An important role for individuals with ASD is played by social workers, who help these individuals prepare for employment, communicate with employers, offer accompaniment to job interviews and even to work. The problem often is the approach of employers, who usually do not want to employ individuals with ASD precisely because of their diagnosis. A big role in this problem is played by employers' perceptions of individuals with ASD, which, according to social workers, is often distorted by the media, and employers do not really know what to expect from such a person. This Bachelor's thesis can serve as a source of information on the topic of employment of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. It could also motivate readers to raise awareness of autism spectrum disorder, so that job seekers with ASD have better opportunities to enter the labour market as is the case in other countries.
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