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Genetic study of obesity in children
Říhová, Aneta ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Novota, Peter (referee)
Obesity is multifactorial dissease. Genetics factors participate in its origin of 40-70% (Barsh et al., 2000). Incidence of obesity is associated with a number of complications, which affect quality of life and abbreviate its length. It is projected in constantly younger age and its prevalence in the world grows. Even though several hundred genetics markers associated with obesity have been described, we still do not know all causes, which complicates efficiancy of treatment. Subject of this study was research of selected genes and their polymorphisms: FABP2 (rs1799883) and PLIN (rs1052700 and rs894160). The aim was to establish association between genotypes and antropometric and biochemical parameters related to obesity in group of 299 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years. Next goal was to establish whether these polymorphisms affect success of reduction therapy. SNP associations with antropometric and/or biochemical parameters were evaluated for boys and girls separately. Observed genotype frequencies between sex did not differ and they were in accordance with those explored in other populations. In rs1799883 polymorphism neither association with measured anthropometric and biochemical parameters nor effect on weight loss during reduction therapy have been found. The TT homozygote subjects of...
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Association Between Polymorphism of FGF2 and Milk Yield in Cattle
BRZÁKOVÁ, Michaela
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of polymorphism of the FGF2 gene locus at the milk yield and fertility of Holstein cows. Review contains information about milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein cows and point out the problem with decreasing fertility of high-producing dairy cows. The second part of review contains information about FGF family, its characterization and its effect of production traits and reproductive traits in Holstein cows. FGF2 was chosen for this study because it is a member of the placental lactogen pathway and interferon- and which means that, FGF2 is included in initiation and maintaining of pregnancy in ruminants and therefore is possible to expect an effect on FGF2 on the milk traits and reproductive traits of cattle. The experimental part of the work deals with the genotyping of 150 bulls of Holstein breed. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP method. Data was obtained and statistically evaluated. No significant effect of SNP11464 FGF2 polymorphism was found with association to milk production of Holstein breed. However, a significant effect of SNP11464 was found in regards to fertility with association to fertility of cows and breeding cattle of the Holstein breed line NXA. This effect was not significant in heifers of both lines and fertility of cows and breading cows in line NEA. SNP11646 FGF2 gene might be useful as a criterion in gene-assisted selection to increase the fertility of Holstein dairy cows but prior to its introduction as a selection criteria in the breeding programme a further investigation of possible effect on fertility is necessary.
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