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The affect of perinatal hypoxia on locomotor development of laboratory rat
Vachovcová, Sylva ; Mareš, Pavel (advisor) ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee)
Perinatální hypoxie je závažným problémem u předčasně narozených dětí i u dětí narozených v termínu. Představuje vysoké riziko behaviorálních a neurologických poruch, a přestože se současná neonatální intenzivní péče stále zdokonaluje, rozsáhlá mozková léze v důsledku perinatálního inzultu obnáší výrazný klinický problém. Studie na zvířatech jsou proto stále nezbytné. Model perinatální hypoxie u laboratorních potkanů tak představuje výzkumné pole, kde se popisuje řada neurologických defektů, jako jsou poruchy lokomočních dovedností a deficity kognitivních funkcí u nedospělých i dospělých perinatální hypoxií postižených zvířat. Jejich mozková tkáň může sloužit k histologickému rozboru pro určení rozsahu mozkové léze a mnohdy jsou u těchto zvířat zaznamenány růstové poruchy, které jsou často spatřovány u dětské mozkové obrny.
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Se-Metabolism inside the mammalian organism fed Se-supplemented Brassica napus forage
Žíla, Ondřej ; Čadková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Václav, Václav (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to determine whether the individual Se-speciation in the mammalian organism are affected by the form of received selenium. Selenium is an essential micronutrient important for humans and animals. It plays an important role in the antioxidant protection of the organism and in the conversion of thyroid hormones. In our experiment the laboratory Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Each group had a different diet. The rats were fed with selenium in the form of soy, sodium selenite and extracted rapeseed meal. Urine samples were regularly collected during the four-week experiment and in the end of the feeding study, the blood serum was also collected. The total selenium content was measured by ICP-MS, while the individual Se-speciation in urine and serum by HPLC coupled with ICP-MS. In the urine the identified speciation were methylselenocystein (MeSeCys), trimethylselenium (TMSe) and selenosugar 1 and 3. In the blood serum the measured speciation were TMSe, selenite, selenate and selenosugar 1. For the group fed with sodium selenite the measured values in the urine were generally higher, this might be due to a higher overall intake and also an inorganic form of selenium with a lower absorbency. Groups that received selenium from plant sources took in several Se-compounds and the total measured content of Se-speciation and secretion dynamics were not significantly different. Additionally speciation of selenosugar 2 was measured for the group fed with rapeseed meals, which in the other groups did not appear. When receiving selenium from plant sources the biotransformation in the mammalian organism differs in comparison to receiving selenium from mineral salts. The initial hypothesis that Se-speciation is influenced by the form of selenium administered in the diet was confirm by our results. Since the group fed rapeseed showed similar results as the group fed a standard feed with soy, the extracted rapeseed meal could serve as a good source in livestock nutrition.
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