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Tree sedlings and grazing.
Juřicová, Anna ; Weiser, Martin (advisor) ; Mayerová, Hana (referee)
My bachelor thesis resumes effects of forest grazing and browsing in the temperate climate region. Grazing can be useful tool in maintaining biodiverzity. However this effect strongly depends on abundance of herbivores and their selectivity. These results are based on studies that manipulated with grazing pressure, using exclusion or enclusion of the herbivores.
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Methods used to study the effects of grazing on vegetation
Hyklová, Lucie ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Šlechtová, Anna (referee)
Calcareous grasslands are one of the most diverse habitats of Northern and Central Europe. Most of the calcareous grasslands were created by human agricultural activities and therefore they need some kind of management for their long-lasting maintenance. These habitats have been vanishing during last few decades and that's why there were many experiments provided all around the world to examine possible ways of their restoration and preservation. Grazing of livestock has been a traditional management in many places and is often being investigated nowadays. The aim of this work is to search and compare methods that are used to experimentally study the effects of grazing on vegetation. These experiments use different methods although they usually have the same goal - high species richness. Most of these studies are from Great Britain, Germany and states of Northern Europe. Average length of the experiment is seven years. Key words: grassland, grazing, management, restoration, methods, species richness
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Changes of vegetation composition in hilly country forests depending on the application of historical forms of management
Nechanská, Denisa ; Boublík, Karel (advisor) ; Frouz, Jan (referee)
The aim of my study is to determine the influence of historical management practices on the camposition of vascular species in hilly country forests on the Vysoká stráň hill in the Bohemian Karst Protected Landscape Area in the Czech Republic. My thesis is divided into two parts. The first part of my thesis describes influences of forest management on the herb diversity from different scientific studies. There is some information about the influence of herbivorous grazing, pollarding, litter raking and fire. Secondly provides a case study dealing with the influence of historical management on the vascular species composition in the forest understory. My experimental area was divided into 32 treatments, where three different ways of historical management were used - mowing of the understory vegetation, litter raking and the combination of mowing and litter raking. The fourth area was a control treatment. Change in the herb diversity depending on a time is statistically significant but changes in the herb diversity depending on different ways of historical management are statistically insignificant. We detected a distinct decline in the herb diversity during our experiment, also on the control treatments. The main gradient of vegetation points from mesophilous acidophytes to species characteristic...
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Effect of grazing and mowing on vegetation of dry grasslands
Pechová, Tereza ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čiháková, Kateřina (referee)
Grassland communities are natural part of our landscape. They were mostly created or maintained by human. If we leave them to their natural development they will disappear. Today grazing or mowing is recommended as an appropriate management. This work is an answer to the beginning of the grazing and mowing management in NPP Kaňk near Kutná Hora. Its goal is preparation for the monitoring of grazing and mowing, which will be in progress in this locality since year 2010.
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Vliv chodu počasí na ekonomiku chovu skotu v podhorských oblastech
SVOBODA, Pavel
This thesis is focused on assessing the impact of weather changes on the performance and economics of grazing cattle in the border areas of south Bohemia. The aim of the study was to compare the progress of meteorological parameters observed in three years and put them into the context of the economy of livestock production. In the actual experimental part I focused on the search and processing of data for calculation of economic indicators and processing of meteorological data that provided me with the department of landscape management.
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Possibilities of detection of amount game damages by grazing in artifically established forest stands
Šafránek, Zbyněk
Procedure for determination of input data in areas damaged by game grazing for the purpose of calculating the amount of damage caused by wild game according to Decree no. 55/1999 Coll. is not standardized. The article deals with the possibility of obtaining such input data in a schematic-based forest stands, particularly row plantations. The aim of this paper is to compare the reliability of input data obtained on the basis of counting all individuals on the injured area compared with the counting on the sampling plots - rows. This paper is part of the author's doctoral dissertation titled Standardization of expert detection amount of game damages to the forests.
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The analysis of status and pasture exploitation in selected farm and recommendation of suitable grazing system
ŠTAFKOVÁ, Kateřina
The aim of the thesis is to assess an influence on a grassland composition and grassland condition with different grazing method, frequency of grazing and animal composition. A basis is a literature review which contains a brief description of productive and nonproductive function of a permanent grassland, an grazing importance of grassland maintenance, a way and intensity of grazing and The experiment was performed in Carlsbad region (Czech republic), near Fojtov township. The experiment contains botanical images of three different grazings, cattle, horse and sheep. At these grazings where made two two-year cycle observations (2013, 2014), on the 15th of June and on the 13th of September. At these grazings where three different observation areas with different water regime and with different agro-botanical composition. Gained data were used to calculate diversity species indices (Simpsons and Hills), site water regime and a grazing forage value. Data were also statistically processed. A part of this experiment was also to calculate grazing load for a whole grazing period and for one grazing cycle.
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How life history affects threat status: Requirements of two Onobrychis-feeding lycaenid butterflies, Polyommatus damon and Polyommatus thersites, in the Czech Republic
ŠLANCAROVÁ, Jana
The study compares ecological requirements of two related (congeneric) butterflies, Polyommatus damon and P. thersites, both of them reaching their northern distribution margins in Central Europe, where they co-occur on xeric grasslands, utilising identical larval host plants. Despite these similarities, one of them is substantially more endangered than the other. We describe their egg-laying behaviour and egg placement patterns, and analyse their distribution in a model landscape, showing that minute life history details affect differing species' fates in human-dominated landscapes.
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