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Phosphorus and its compounds in the environment
Lefnerová, Marcela ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deal with problems of phosphorus in waters, mainly in garden pond. This thesis analyse phosphorus attributes, forms of occurrence and negative effect in excessive occurrence. Next part is concentrate on common methods for remove phosphorus from water and methods of determination in waters and soils. For thesis on important mainly chapter about mobile analyse. Last part deals directly with bathing ecological ponds and Union of founding and maintenance of green. This part occupy with goals this union and introduction of control of materials, mainly from point of view of volume of phosphorus infuse to pond water.
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Modification of inks for luminescent panels
Foldynová, Klára ; Dzik, Petr (referee) ; Vala, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of the influence of luminescent additives on the features of printed electroluminescent elements. The goal of the thesis is to find a strategy for expanding the color spectrum of these elements while maintaining their functionality. An important step was the addition of additive to the basic luminescent layer of ZnS and its influence on emission of radiation. A change of color spectrum was proved by usage the U111 fluorophore and in particular the wavelength change and the intensity of the radiation on the input voltage and frequency were observed. The obtained results can be used in further studies to extend the knowledge of electroluminescence.
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Research of the Multistage Constructed Treatment Wetlands Technology
Chaloupka, Ondřej ; Pumprlová Němcová, Miroslava (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The ways of purifying waste water produced by human society are nowadays a great deal. With the increasing pressure on sustainable construction, technology using principles close to natural processes are at the forefront. Treatment wetlands have been in use for almost 30 years and thanks mainly to developments abroad, they prove they are a suitable option for smaller producers of pollution. When designing a treatment wetland for municipalities with a larger amount of inhabitants, it is necessary to modify the proposal in order to eliminate all types of pollution. This thesis therefore compares three sewage treatment plants with a multistage filtration system. Comparing the achieved parameters will be beneficial for defining the rules for optimal design of these types of wastewater treatment plant.
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Pollution entering the Moravian Karst via surface streams
Vaculíková, Klára ; Tůma, RNDr Antonín (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
The Diploma Thesis deals with the water pollution entering the Protected Landscape Area Moravian Karst via surface streams. In order to quantify the extent of the pollution surface streams entering the Moravian Karst were selected. A survey of a region of interest was done. Actual volume flow rate, measurements of physicochemical parameters, water samplings, laboratory analyses of samples were done monthly from April to November 2019. Conductivity, pH, temperature, oxidation-reduction potential, concentration of dissolved oxygen, and oxygen saturation were measured in situ. Afterwards, COD, BOD, phosphate, total phosphorus, ammonia, nitrites, nitrates and Kjeldahl nitrogen were determined in the laboratory. Organic nitrogen and total nitrogen were also calculated. The results were evaluated with a respect of Government Decree No. 401/2015 Coll. Material flows were calculated for selected parameters and used as other criterion that evaluate the water pollution of monitoring surface streams. Areas out of the PLA needing an enhanced protection of watercourses were proposed based on quantified pollution. Cooperation with two primary schools in the Moravian Karst supported the research. Pupils and their teachers were trained, and they measured phosphate in surface streams from April to November 2019. The website related to phosphorus in surface water were created and results of phosphate measurement were uploaded there.
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Zhodnocení jakosti vody vybraných přítoků Oslavy
Michálková, Barbora
The bachelor thesis deals with water quality of selected Oslava river tributaries. The goal was to conduct literature search dealing with the issue of water quality by using scientific database and to determine and evaluate quality of selected tributaries. This was achieved by annual monitoring in the field and subsequent laboratory analyses. The data was evaluated using ČSN 75 7221 and Environmental Quality Standards. Thanks to the data provided by Povodí Moravy, s. p. from the monitoring of the river Oslava, an overall view of the water quality in the vicinity of the target basins was created. The results showed phosphorus and nitrogen pollution of the inflows. Phosphorus was measured in higher concentrations especially in more urbanized basins without wastewater treatment plants. Nitrogen pollution came from livestock and crop production, but was also measured in other tributaries, even in places identified as nitrate vulnerable areas. The conclusions show that there is a need to focus, for example, on the management of wastewater in small municipalities, compliance with the rules of the nitrate directive or complex anti-erosion measures.
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Zhodnocení účinnosti srážení fosforu na přítoku do nádrže Plumlov
Košťálová, Alena
This bachelor's thesis on the topic "Evaluation of the efficiency of phosphorus reduction at the inflow to the Plumlov reservoir" is processed as a literature and research with subsequent processing of the results obtained from field measurements. In the first part, it focuses on introducing the reader to the issue of eutrophication, water pollution or how works and what affects the chemistry of water. In the practical part, it deals with the issue of phosphorus precipitation in water flow. This system is implemented by Povodí Moravy, s.p. and the task of the work was to regularly monitor for one calendar year the development of the phosphorus content, during its constant precipitation. The results of the measurements were shown graphically, and illustrative maps are also attached, giving the reader a closer look at the location of the water course within the Czech Republic.
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Změny kvality vody v toku vlivem přítoku odpadů z koňské farmy
Khainová, Barbora
The bachelor thesis focuses on monitoring changes in the quality of the Všeminka stream due to the impact of waste inflow from the Všemina Horse Ranch. A total of six sampling sites were identified and located along the length of the stream so that the first location was above the ranch and the last was below the Všemina reservoir. Sampling was conducted four times over a thirteen-month period during the growing season. During the sampling events, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, conductivity, water temperature, and, for the reservoir, water transparency was determined on site. The samples were immediately taken for evaluation to the laboratory of the Department of Fisheries and Hydrobiology at Mendel University in Brno. Physico-chemical parameters such as total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, orthophosphates, total iron, chemical oxygen demand by dichromate, biochemical oxygen demand-five-day, acid neutralization capacity, calcium and chloride were selected for subsequent analysis. The objective was to determine if the ranch has an effect on water quality in the stream or the Všemina Reservoir. The resulting values from the laboratory analysis were evaluated according to the standard CSN 75 7221 used to classify the quality of surface waters as well as according to Government Regulation 401/2015, whether the quality of the water meets the requirements for general water use, for salmon and carp waters. Furthermore, it was compared with similar research works on the given topic of the influence of horse breeding on water quality.
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Mapování půdních vlastností a ekonomické vyhodnocení variabilní aplikace zásobního hnojení
Blaha, Jiří
This master thesis is focused on the mapping of soil heterogenity by soil sampling. The experimental part of the work was realized on the arable land managed by agricultural holding Rostěnice a.s. within the research project NAZV QK21010247. Totally 1018 soil samples were taken during summer 2022 in irregular sampling grid in the area of 1 838 ha. After laboratory analysis of soil samples for estimation of main agri-chemical soil properties, a map of phosphorus was computed by using spatial interpolation techniques. The results has shown the high spatial variability within the observed fields. La-ter six variants of nutrient dose recommendation were compared. There were two uni-form rates (UNI_M3 and UNI_BK10) and four variable rates (VRA_M3, VRA_BK10, VRY_M3 and VRY_BK10). The economical evaluation prooved only small differences in total costs of phosporus fertilizers among the variants. However, the optimization of nutrient distribution within the fields based on the spatial heterogeneity and yield level is the main advantage of variable rate application.
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Využití kombinovaného hnojiva ve výživě řepky ozimé
Dundálek, Ladislav
The diploma thesis aimed to evaluate the effect of regeneratively applied combined fertilizer in the nutrition of oilseed rape. The experiment was established at two localities (Žabčice and Vatín) in the form of a small-plot field experiment carried out in the economic years 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. The following treatments were included in the experiment: unfertilized, control, FertiTOP 44 NPS, and FertiTOP 44 NPS in lower dose. The total dose of nitrogen applied in treatment FertiTOP NPS 44 (lower dose) was 130 kg/ha. Control treatment and FertiTop NPS 44 in full dose were based on the total dose of 168 kg/ha of N. In addition to nitrogen, sulfur was also applied as part of regenerative fertilization in control treatment. The following parameters were examined: yield, oil content, oil production, and economic evaluation. A statistically significant difference between the examined treatments was found for the yield and oil production parameters. Overall, the FertiTOP 44 NPS (full dose) treatment was evaluated as the most optimal option with the highest average yield of 3.81 t/ha recorded in the Vatín location. At the Žabčice location, this variant provided an average yield of 3.20 t/ha. This variant was evaluated for the second highest oil content in the Vatín locality (45.3%), but in the Žabčice locality, this variant provided lower oil content (40.7%). In terms of oil production, the FertiTOP 44 NPS (full dose) treatment showed the highest oil production at both locations. The application of FertiTOP 44 NPS resulted in the average oil production 1.72 t/ha in Vatín and 1.31 t/ha in Žabčice. The economic evaluation showed that application of FertiTOP 44 NPS resulted in increase of profit by 21.21% compared to the control treatment in the economic year 2020/2021. Similar result was observed in second year (2021/2022), but the increase in profit compared to the control variant was only 4.11%.
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