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Association of Turonian echinoids at the Nebužely locality (Bohemian Cretaceous Basin)
Bartušková, Nikola ; Fatka, Oldřich (advisor) ; Ziegler, Václav (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on morphological studies and taxonomic analyses of small regular and irregular echinoids found at the Nebužely locality; at this locality clastic sediments of Teplice Formation of Bohemian Cretaceous Basin are exposed. Presence of the belemnite Praeaxtinocamax bohemicus makes possible to assign the outcrop to late Turonian. Detailed morphological study of more than one hundred specimens enabled to distinguish four echinoids species (Echinogalerus, Glyphocyphus, Nucleolites, Phymosoma), less favourably preserved and/or very limited material is classified as belonging to two orders (Cidaroida, Holectypoida) and one family (Phymosomatidae), respectively. The next part of the thesis contains a possible palaeoecological reconstruction of the environment at the studied locality. Based on bathymetrically indicative molluscs, a shallow−water palaeoenvironment is suspected for this locality. Key words: echinoid, Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Turonian
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Isotope alteration of carbonate component of Cretaceous sediments from xenolites and vicinity of selected neovolcanic bodies of the Jičín volcanic field
Konečný, Tomáš ; Zachariáš, Jiří (advisor) ; Trubač, Jakub (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the study of stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon of Cretaceous rocks from the Jičín volcanic field. The aim of the thesis is to identify isotope alterations in Cretaceous sediments transported by basic magmas in the form of xenoliths and to determine the origin of oxygen and carbon of hydrothermal vein carbonates that penetrate the bodies of neovolcanites. The study is divided into two parts. The theoretical part summarizes in general the stratigraphy of the Czech Cretaceous Basin and Cenozoic volcanism of the Bohemian Massif, geochemistry of stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon and geology of studied localities in the Jičín volcanic field. The practical part presents a detailed isotope study of Hřídelec, Kulatý vrch, Zebín, Veliš and Kunětická hora localities. Cretaceous rocks from xenoliths in these neovolcanites show extreme variability in the isotopic composition of both carbon (from 0,15 to -11,1 ‰ V-PDB) and oxygen (from -5,4 to -22,9 ‰ V-PDB). They significantly exceed the variability of the isotopic composition of diagenetically altered Cretaceous rocks from the same area. The wide range of oxygen isotope composition is the result mainly of fluid temperature variability (approx. 300 - 20 řC), which isotopically altered Cretaceous sediments. Carbon isotope...
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Possibilities of karstification of calcareous sandstones in the Jizera segment of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin and evolution of conduits in the thick-bedded sandstones
Vojtíšek, Jan ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Vysoká, Helena (referee)
Features typical for karst, such as fast groundwater flow and existence of open conduits were observed in various parts of Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (BCB). So far, vertical and areal extent of karst rocks is not known. In case of concerning conduits in quartz sandstones the observation of their evolution in profiles perpendicular to flow is missing. The thesis deals with above mentioned issues. Concerning potential to karstification it is limited to Jizera facial area of BCB. For this purpose, leaching of samples in hydrochloric acid were carried out. The hydrochloric acid was used as an accelerated simulation of natural processes of dissolution of rock by acidic solutions. The reaction of samples on leaching in acid, disintegration and content of the CaCO3 component were evaluated. CaCO3 content was determined also by calcimetry. Rocks which disintegrated can be a suitable for the evolution of karst conduits. According to the lithostratigraphic sections, the examined profiles belong to the TUR5 and TUR6 units - thus these units contain rocks suitable for the evolution of karst conduits. In Předměřice site about 23 % of samples disintegrated, in Kosmonosy site 8 % and in Turnov site 36 % disintegrated. Thus about 1/10 to 1/3 of tested profiles is prone to karstification and evolution of karst...
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Rudist assemblages of the Upper Cretaceous "pocket" infills in the Teplice rhyolite - systeamtics, palaeoecology, stratigraphy
Křížová, Barbora ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Čech, Stanislav (referee)
The study (MS, diploma thesis) is based on more than 1500 rudist samples from the Upper Cretaceous sediments of localities Písečný vrch and Na Stínadlech (near Teplice). Investigated samples come mainly from the collection of A. H. Fassel and were collected at the end of the 19th century, currently stored in the Regional museum in Teplice and National museum in Prague. The rudist shells were determined by generic and species levels, including five genera and eight species. The stratigraphic age of both localities has been a subject of discussion since the second half of the 19th century. In the recent decades, the opinion on the lower turonian age prevailed. However, five of the eight species present in the studied localities demonstrate the upper cenomanian age of the assemblages, making them probably the oldest known rudist-corals assemblages of its kind. The palaeoecological analysis and the ecological relationships proposal for the studied localities is based on the research in literature on palaeoecology and evolution of the rudists, also presented in the study. Key words: Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Cenomanian - Turonian, rudists, corals, palaeoenvironment, Teplice rhyolite
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Crustacea (Decapoda, Cirripedia) from the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
Kočová Veselská, Martina ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Krobicki, Michal (referee) ; Schweigert, Guenter (referee)
This thesis deals with systematic revision, evolutionary trends, palaeoecology and migration patterns of crustaceans (Cirripedia and Decapoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. Thesis is presented as a compilation of 9 papers that were published in scientific peer-reviewed journals and includes not only old museum material, but also numerous crustacean specimens which have been recovered in the last decade. Besides, short remarks on fossil crustaceans currently under study or in the process of being published (Paraclythia, Oncopareia, Acrothoracica) are also included in this thesis. In view of the fact that the fossil crustaceans from the BCB were most recently recorded in the turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries (and partially revised in the first half of the 20th century) and since the systematics and taxonomy have changed significantly, all papers presented here focus primarily on systematic revision and modern description. The essential part of the thesis thus deals with taphonomy and its bearing on the identification of fossil material. Thanks to a modern description, new species of Ctenocheles fritschi (axiidean shrimp), Archaeochionelasmus nekvasilovae (acorn barnacle), Myolepas reussi and Capitulum sklenari (pedunculate barnacles) were erected. C. fritschi is...
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Recent knowledge of sea urchins in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
Bartušková, Nikola ; Fatka, Oldřich (advisor) ; Vodrážka, Radek (referee)
This thesis is focused on an overview of recent knowledge of sea urchins in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. In the first part is a summary of basic information about Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, including chronostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic classification and palaeogeography. The second part of the thesis contains an overview of partial synonymy of echinoids of the given regional - geological unit. Mentioned are also strata, from which are sea urchins described. Key words: sea urchins, Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
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Planktonic ecosystems of the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous (calcareous nannoplankton, calpionellids)
Svobodová, Andrea ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Skupien, Petr (referee) ; Oszczypko-Ciowes, Marta (referee)
The presented PhD thesis is compiled as a commentary to four published papers, which deal with planktonic assamblages of the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous, namely with calcareous nannofossils and calpionellids. The first part of the dissertation thesis describes the main characteristics of the studied fossil groups with focus on their morphology, palaeoecology, evolution and systematics. The chapter of calcareous nannoplankton gives special attention to the biostratigraphicaly important genus Nannoconus Kampter 1931. Next chapters describe the methods of the laboratory processing of the sediments and the geological settings of the studied areas. The thesis is focused on two areas. At first the selected localities in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, i.e. Upper Turonian and Upper Coniacian, are described. Generally, the Upper Cretaceous platform sediments of the middle European basins are rich in calcareous nannoplankton. These fossils represent important marker for biostratigraphical and palaeoecological interpretations. The second part describes carbonate rocks of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of the Tethyan area. In this case, calcareous nannoplankton and calpionellids are an essential part of the modern multidisciplinary form of the Jurassic- Cretaceous (J/K) boundary interval research....
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Hydrogeology of Skorkov and Sojovice waterworks based on data from new water wells
Rybářová, Magdalena ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Kůrková, Iva (referee)
The Riverbank Filtration (RBF) water supply system Karany has been affected by increasing NO3- concentrations during recent decades. This thesis deals with flow and chemical composition of groundwater in Skorkov and Sojovice RBF systems, which are the most problematic ones according to their quality in long term. Twelve new groundwater wells (V1- V12) were drilled in study area in 2013. Data derived from the wells were used to improve the conceptual hdrogeological model of the area and I tried to specify information about the origin of nitrate pollution. The Groundwater level logging showed hydraulic connection between the river and the wells situated up to 130 m faraway from the river (V1, V2 andV10), which were also demonstrated by the short- term temperature fluctuations caused by fast penetration of surface water from The Jizera River during higher flow rate to wells. I compiled geological sections which show the geometry of The Quaternary fluvial deposits and groundwater level. The chemical analysis of groundwater showed that it is not possible to differentiate groundwater from the shallow part of The Cretaceous aquifer from the aquifer of fluvial deposits by major chemical components. The result of infiltration experiments showed higher permeability in the environment with grass cover (kv=...
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Lower Turonian ammonites of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin: taxonomic synopsis, stratigraphy and palaeoecology
Kohout, Ondřej ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Ziegler, Václav (referee)
This thesis summarizes the findings of lower Turonian ammonites of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (BCB). It presents an overview of the most important taxonomic species and their brief morphology and paleoecology. Marginally, it describes sedimentary facies of the BCB which belongs to the lower Turonian ("Bílá Hora" Formation). Part is devoted to determining the stratotype between Cenomanian and Turonian, to the events that occurred during this period (CTBE, OAE II) and their impact on biocoenosis of early Turonian ammonites. This thesis tries to comprehend the importance of ammonites biostratigraphy to define the Lower Turonian and basic ammonites zones, which belongs to this period. Defining stratotype Cenomanian / Turonian has not yet been satisfactorily resolved and this work is the basis for further research and study. Key words: ammonite, Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, biostratigraphy, Turonian, paleoecology
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Karstification of carbonato-silicate rocks: review of literature and leaching experiments
Vojtíšek, Jan ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Kůrková, Iva (referee)
The process of karstification doesn't occur only in easily soluble rock, such as limestone and evaporites, but also occurs in other rocks such as quartzites or siliciclastic rocks with carbonate cement. The "ghost rock" karstification is, unlike the classical karstification, two- step process, where the soluble component are dissolved first and subsequently the insoluble components are eroded and flushed away. These processes also occur in the Czech Republic, for example in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (BCB). Practical part of this thesis consists of leaching experiments of samples from BCB. Leaching in hydrochloric acid is an accelerated simulation of natural processes of dissolution by acidic solutions. Leaching of the samples in acid led to the decrease of sample strength, sometimes to their desintegration. The samples are probabbly prone to the evolution of karst conduits. Leaching experiments showed that the carbonate content is an important but not the only driving factor in the karstification process.
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