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Studium magnetických kvantově kritických jevů na uranových sloučeninách
Opletal, Petr ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor) ; Javorský, Pavel (referee)
Motivation of this thesis is a study of magnetic phase diagram of the pseu- doternary system UCoxRu1−xAl. Three single crystals UCo0.19Ru0.81Al, UCo0.27Ru0.73Al and UCo0.40Ru0.60Al have been successfully prepared by Czochralski method. Composition was confirmed by EDX analysis and quality of single crystals was checked by Laue method. Crystallographic parameters and occupancies were de- termined by X-ray powder diffraction. Data analysis confirmed strong uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy (c is the easy magnetization axis) and existence of hard and soft ferromagnetic phase. Curie temperature TC = 41 K was determined for UCo0.40Ru0.60Al and phase transition from the soft ferromagnetic phase to the hard one takes place at 35 K. UCo0.27Ru0.73Al becomes ferromagnetic at TC = 18 K and the transition from the soft to the hard ferromagnetic phase takes place somewhere around 7 K. UCo0.19Ru0.81Al is paramagnetic down to 2 K. Analysis of the temperature dependence of resistivity and heat capacity reveals signatures of non-Fermi liquid behaviour due to proximity of quantum critical point. 1
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Pressure-induced changes of magnetic behavior of RCo2-type compounds
Valenta, Jaroslav ; Prchal, Jiří (advisor) ; Kamarád, Jiří (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on the study of pressure-induced changes in a behavior of RECo2-type compounds. HoCo2 and its substitution of Si instead of Co in Ho(Co1-xSix)2, x = 0,025 were chosen as a representative compounds from this family of materials. Measurements of electric resistivity, heat capacity, magnetization and AC magnetic susceptibility under ambient pressure showed presence of three magnetic transitions for both samples: the change of the easy magnetization direction at TR ~ 16 K, the Curie temperature TC ~ 80 K and the flipping of magnetization of Co magnetic moments into the parallel direction with Ho magnetic moments at Tf ~ 125 K for HoCo2. Under hydrostatic pressures up to 3 GPa, the TR shifts to higher temperatures whereas TC and Tf, both decrease. This probably occurs due to the weakening of the Co magnetism and the strength of exchange interaction between Ho-Co sublattices. The experiment of muon spin rotation demonstrates a pressure influence to the decay of Co magnetic clusters, which occurs at lower temperatures with increasing pressure. It is evident that the hydrostatic pressure directly influences the exchange interaction between Co-Co.
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Vliv pnutí na magnetooptické vlasnosti La2/3Sr1/3MnO3
Maleček, Tomáš ; Veis, Martin (advisor) ; Verhagen, Timotheus Guillaume Albertus (referee)
The influence of epitaxial strain on La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) thin films has been studied by magneto-optical spectroscopy. The investigated samples have been grown by pulsed laser deposition on four different substrates with varying degree of compressive and tensile strain. The spectra of the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) have been measured. Deterioration of magnetic properties with increasing epitaxial strain has been observed. The off-diagonal elements of the permittivity tensor, numerically calculated from the MOKE and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements, confirmed two already reported electronic transitions. A third transition at around 4.3 eV has been observed on samples grown under compressive strain. The dependence of the Kerr rotation spectra on temperature has been measured for all four samples. The Curie temperatures have been estimated for all samples with the exception of LSMO grown on LaAlO3 which undergoes a spin reorientation transition at 200 K. The low temperature measurements on the compressively strained samples showed amplification of the third transition supporting the claim of it being paramagnetic. Also observed was a change in the spectra of the Kerr rotation of the sample grown on SrTiO3 which undergoes a structural transition at 105 K, and, therefore, changes the epitaxial strain.
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Ultrapure metallic materials
Janatová, Marcela ; Kalbáčová Vejpravová, Jana (advisor) ; Prchal, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with crystal structure and magnetic properties of RCr2Si2 (R = Pr, Tb, Er) and RCr2Si2C (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd) compounds. All prepared samples were characterized by powder X-ray diraction and investigated by specic-heat, magnetization and AC-susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 2-900 K and in magnetic elds up to 9 T. The results suggest non-trivial magnetic ordering of the Cr sublattice in all studied compounds, accompanied with ferromagnetic ordering of the Pr and Nd magnetic moments below the Curie temperature of 30 and 21 K in PrCr2Si2C and NdCr2Si2C, respectively, and possible metamagnetism in CeCr2Si2C. For RCr2Si2C compounds, the experimental evidence of Cr magnetism is corroborated by results of extended rst-principles calculations based on the density functional theory.
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Influence of the external pressure on the magnetic behavior of the material
Valenta, Jaroslav ; Prchal, Jiří (advisor) ; Prokleška, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with magnetic properties of the HoCo2 compound, which is composed of rare earth and transition metal elements. The study is focused on properties at ambient pressure and changes of the magnetic behavior of the material under hydrostatic pressure. At the ambient pressure, there was performed analysis of the sample quality with a finding of presence of three magnetic transitions: flipping temperature magnetization of Co clusters Tf = (125 ± 1) K, Curie temperature TC = (79,5 ± 0,1) K and spin-reorientation temperature TR = (16,4 ± 0,5) K. When applying the hydrostatic pressure up to 3 GPa, there was observed a shift of the temperatures of the magnetic transitions and in the case Tf and TR their consequent vanishing. From the shifts of the TC and Tf towards lower temperatures and from the vanishing of the Tf, it was concluded that Co magnetism is being suppressed by the influence of the hydrostatic pressure.
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Study of indium doped shape-memory alloy Ni2MnGa
Cejpek, Petr ; Dopita, Milan (advisor) ; Dobročka, Edmund (referee) ; Mikulík, Petr (referee)
Title: Study of indium doped shape-memory alloy Ni2MnGa Author: Petr Cejpek Department: Department of Condensed Matter Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Milan Dopita, PhD., Department of Condensed Matter Physics Abstract: The alloys related to Ni-Mn-Ga system exhibit effects connected to the magnetic shape-memory and martensitic transformation and therefore attract attention of researchers for their application potential. Properties and especially transformation temperatures are strongly dependent on composition, doping and also on external conditions as a magnetic field or pressure. The main aim of the work was to prepare own single crystals of Ni2MnGa1−xInx and to study their properties with respect to the temperature and applied fields in dependence on a various indium doping. The transformation temperatures obtained from the measurement of electrical resistivity and magnetisation re- vealed the systematic decrease of martensitic transformation temperature TM , pre-martensitic transformation temperature TP and Curie temperature TC. The martensitic transformation should vanish at indium concentration of x ≈ 0.10. The decrease with indium content is much faster than in the study published previously on the polycrystalline samples (vanishing at x ≈ 0.20). This dis- crepancy is probably caused by the residual stress...
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Kritické chování v magnetických fázových diagramech uranových sloučenin
Opletal, Petr ; Prokleška, Jan (advisor)
Title: Critical behavior in magnetic phase diagrams of uranium compounds Author: Bc. Petr Opletal Department: Department of Condensed Matter Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Jan Prokleška, Ph.D., Department of Condensed Matter Physics Abstract: This work is focused on study of phase diagrams and related critical effects in the pseudoternary UCo1-xRuxAl compound. Three single crystals of nominal composition UCo0.99Ru0.01Al, UCo0.995Ru0.005Al and UCo0.9975Ru0.0025Al have been prepared by Czochralski method in triarc furnace. Quality of single crystals was checked by EDX analysis, Laue method and XRPD. For UCo0.99Ru0.01Al Curie temperature was determined as TC = 16 K. UCo0.995Ru0.005Al shows transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase at TC= 4.5 K and at higher temperatures we observe a metamagnetic transition of first order with a critical field HC = 0.04 T. UCo0.9975Ru0.0025Al is paramagnetic to low temperatures with metamagnetic transition of first order and critical field HC = 0.55 T. Experiments in hydrostatic pressure on UCo0.995Ru0.005Al and UCo0.9975Ru0.0025Al showed decay of ferromagnetism and increase of critical field. This behavior is similar to evolution of magnetism in UCoAl and URhAl in applied hydrostatic pressure. Keywords: UCoAl, URuAl, ferromagnetism, metamagnetism
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Pressure-induced changes of magnetic behavior of RCo2-type compounds
Valenta, Jaroslav
The diploma thesis is focused on the study of pressure-induced changes in a behavior of RECo2-type compounds. HoCo2 and its substitution of Si instead of Co in Ho(Co1-xSix)2, x = 0,025 were chosen as a representative compounds from this family of materials. Measurements of electric resistivity, heat capacity, magnetization and AC magnetic susceptibility under ambient pressure showed presence of three magnetic transitions for both samples: the change of the easy magnetization direction at TR ~ 16 K, the Curie temperature TC ~ 80 K and the flipping of magnetization of Co magnetic moments into the parallel direction with Ho magnetic moments at Tf ~ 125 K for HoCo2. Under hydrostatic pressures up to 3 GPa, the TR shifts to higher temperatures whereas TC and Tf, both decrease. This probably occurs due to the weakening of the Co magnetism and the strength of exchange interaction between Ho-Co sublattices. The experiment of muon spin rotation demonstrates a pressure influence to the decay of Co magnetic clusters, which occurs at lower temperatures with increasing pressure. It is evident that the hydrostatic pressure directly influences the exchange interaction between Co-Co.
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Ultrapure metallic materials
Prachařová, Marcela ; Kalbáčová Vejpravová, Jana (advisor)
Title: Ultrapure metallic materials Author: Bc. Marcela Janatová Department: Department of Condensed Matter Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Jana Poltierová Vejpravová, Ph.D. Supervisor's e-mail address: jana@mag.mff.cuni.cz Abstract This thesis deals with crystal structure and magnetic properties of RCr2Si2 (R = Pr, Tb, Er) and RCr2Si2C (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd) compounds. All prepared samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and investigated by specific-heat, magne- tization and AC-susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 2-900 K and in magnetic fields up to 9 T. The results suggest non-trivial magnetic ordering of the Cr sublattice in all studied compounds, accompanied with ferromagnetic ordering of the Pr and Nd magnetic moments below the Curie temperature of 30 and 21 K in PrCr2Si2C and NdCr2Si2C, respectively, and possible metamagnetism in CeCr2Si2C. For RCr2Si2C compounds, the experimental evidence of Cr magnetism is corrobora- ted by results of extended first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory. Keywords: RCr2Si2 compounds; RCr2Si2C compounds; Magnetic ordering; Heat ca- pacity; Magnetization 1
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