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Summer camps and their specificity for children with visual impairment
JANOUŠKOVÁ, Martina
This bachelor thesis discusses summer camps and their specifics for children with visual impairment. The aim of this thesis is to provide a comparison between special summer camps and summer camps that enable integration in a ralationship to children with visual impairment. To achieve this goal, I collected the advantages and disadvantages and the specifics that follows from them. This issues is discussed from the position of the organizers, the heads of the summer camps and also from the position of children with visual impairment that took part in researched summer camps, alternatively from the position of their parents. Besides this I also mentioned the view of intact children taking part in a summer camp that enables integration. To accomplish the aim of this thesis, I used a qualitative type of research. The data was discovered by the method of personal asking: the technique of an interview with open questions. To evaluate the interviews I used the induction method: Firstly, I went in the field to acquire the information. Than I compared the information with other ones that I obtained from other people. The results of this thesis serve as a summary of things that are specific for a given type of summer camp and also of things that are important to take into consideration during selecting a suitable summer either selected by parents and their children or by the organizers. This thesis describes many of concrete imperfections that can occur during the summer camps but it also describes many of the advantages that provide summer camps for children with visual impairment with their parents but it deals with this problem under the terms of a summer camp that provides the integration also with intact children or leaders. Concerning the summer camps for children with visual impairment, the research comes with a statement that firstly, it is necessary to focus on a selection of suitable area where will the summer camp take place and it is also necessary to focus on communication between the leader and the parents in order to mutually gain enough information requiered for intergration under the condition of cooperation between parents and camp leaders with each other. I tis also important to ensure a qualite assistant that will be able to good and meaningfully fill the time of a child with visual impairmentin in case of him/her not being able to participate in some of the summer camp's programme. The same situation arrives in the case of special summer camp: it needs specific preparation considering the selection of suitable area and schedule-making. Thanks to the fact that the organizers of this type of summer camps are usually some organizations engaging in this issue, this type of summer camps do not need a personal assistant necessarily. Parents feel safe because their child is provided with quality professional care and children have an opportunity to come in contact with children of the same age that have the same or similar problems. Another big advantage of special summer camps is an rehearsal or improvement of abilities that make the life of a person with visual impairment much easier. Chapter five, the discussion, compares particular areas of the research that involve: the preparation of a summer camp, the awareness of the members from the team, integration of the child into the group, the schedule of the summer camp and natural environment of the camp, assistance, communication and the fear of the participants of some new experience. The end of chapter six, the conclusion, discusses some considerations about improvement of present situation in the field of summer capms for children with visual impairment.
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Possibilities and importance of physical education of pupils with visual impairment in the basic education.
VRŠNÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
Subject of this bachelor thesis is the opportunity and meaning of physical education for visually impaired pupils at primary school. The main aim is to perform a modification of the education plan for visually impaired pupils. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to present theoretic points of the meaning of physical education for optimization of development of all character attributes of the pupils with visual handicap. The other aim of this bachelor thesis is to modify an education plan in the subject "Man and Health" (Physical Education) for visually impaired pupils at primary school. This bachelor thesis is composed of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with the processing of the starting theoretic points, which topic is visually impaired pupils or children. I dedicate to visual handicap, its definition and classification in the literary research specifically. The theoretical part also presents the specifics of the visually impaired child's development, its motor, mental, cognitive evolution and its progress of exercise and spatial orientation. The other topic of the theoretical part is the early care and education system of visually impaired children. The last biggest chapter of the theoretical part are some chosen physical and sport activities for visually impaired children. e.g. athletics, swimming, cycling, goalball and showdown, suitable for visually impaired children. The practical part deals with a modification of the education plan itself at the primary school at České Budějovice. Firstly, there is introduced the aim of the thesis and research methodics. This is followed by a summary of the results of the quantitative research, modification of the education plan and the conclusion of the thesis. A document analysis and an interview were used as methods of research in this bachelor thesis. The interview was held with teachers from primary school at České Budějovice. On the base of research there was made a modified education plan for physical education. Suggested modifications have material, personnel, didactical and methological character. The base for data processing was research results from analysis and literature and from interview with teachers at the primary school at České Budějovice. This bachelor thesis should serve as a study material for pedagogic students at university, also for public and it should be used by teachers for visually impaired pupils at primary school.
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The role of information and communication technologies in spatial orientation of people with visual impairment.
ŠTÁDLEROVÁ, Daniela
Bachelor thesis deals with compensational aids for spatial orientation and self-reliant motion of visually impaired persons. As result of limited visual perception these persons suffer from partially complicated self-reliant motion, which fact negatively influences their independence and subsequently even the quality of their life. The incurred barriers of persons with impaired visual perception are overcome by means of a white cane and similar traditional compensational aids; nevertheless they can be helped as well via information and communication technology, development of which affected within the last twenty years even this area. The goal of this thesis is to create a complete system of theoretical knowledge of spatial orientation and self-reliant motion problematic with participation of information and communication technologies. Partial goals are to analyse the services related to self-reliant motion, which are provided by the Navigation Centre SONS ČR and to map the improvement in the field of self-reliant motion with the participation of IT technology from the point of view of persons with visual impairment. The thesis consists of theoretical, practical and appendix parts. The theoretical part is organized into three chapters. The first of them deals with visual impairment in general, its definition, structuring of visual impairment according to itstypes, level, time and cause of origin. The end of the first chapter describes compensation of visual perception, that compensate other senses as well, especially touch and hearing. The second chapter characterises specifics of spatial orientation and self-reliant motion of persons with visual impairment, its methodology, elements of spatial orientation and self-reliant motion, the white cane technique and orientation analytic synthesis activity; the end describes education and development of self-reliant motion as well. The final chapter of the theoretical part deals with compensation aids for self-reliant motion with emphasis on the information and communication technology. The practical part is realized via quantitative investigation strategy and it is divided into two parts. The first of them is the analysis of services provided by the Navigation Centre of United Organisation of Sightless and Purblind, Czech Republic, which includes a telephone line, trip planning, online navigation and help in need. Additional technique of data acquisition is used for semi-structured dialogue with persons with visual impairment; its goal was the analysis of used compensation aids, information and communication technologies for the purpose of self-reliant motion and mapping of these aids developments from the point of view of the users. The investigative group for the dialogues consists of three sightless individuals, who for their self-reliant motion cannot rely on visual control and therefore depend on using the compensation aids. The conclusion of the investigation is that the most important aid for self-reliant motion remains traditionally the white cane, nevertheless next to it information and communicative technologies are of great importance, especially VPN transmitter, which controls informative lightning columns and thus provides various information, for example at the bus stop or in the means of public transport, etc. Increasingly greater importance belongs to mobile phones with voice output that keep being developed. Via the internet access an individual can find a transport connection or via GPS navigation they can set out into a completely unfamiliar environment. According to respondents' opinion these aids are easily available and keep being developed. Nevertheless they warn against using touchscreen phones, which can be very difficult or even impossible to manipulate for some users. According to the respondents the services of the Navigation Centre SONS ČR are not feasible due to the fees.
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Socialization of sight disabled students from 11 to 15 years of age focusing on specifics of career choices.
SOBOTOVÁ, Kateřina
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the topic of socialization of older school-age children with visual impairment with a focus on specific features of the process to choose their profession The theoretical part consists of four chapters: the first one deals with visual impairment and its classification, the second one describes the developmental period of older school age and specific features of children with visual impairment in that period of time, the third chapter briefly deals with socialization in general and also in respect to visual impairment and the fourth, final chapter of the theoretical part focuses on the system of education and professional training of children, schoolchildren and students with visual impairment, while special attention is paid to career consulting and choice of their future profession. The general objective set for the theoretical part of this bachelor thesis is to map specific features of socialization of older school-aged children with visual impairment in respect to choice of their future profession. The objective of the practical part was to use qualitative research to reflect the current situation in career consulting for children with visual impairment in selected school and consulting establishments and to find out about notions that children with visual impairment have of their future professions and the world of labor. A qualitative method of research, specifically a structured interview technique, was used to meet the objective of the practical part, which was divided into two partial objectives. The interviews were conducted with 6 respondents in total, which included 1 worker of a school establishment, 1 worker of a consulting establishment and 4 schoolchildren with visual impairment aged 13 - 15 years. Questions for the schoolchildren were prepared based on materials used in the theoretical part and they were divided into two sections. The first section of questions concerned basic case history data of the children with visual impairment and their notions about their future profession, while the other section was in form of a didactic test which consisted of questions from the world of labor and its results were supposed to illustrate how well the children understand the world of labor. To meet the other partial objective I have also used a structured interview with a worker of a school establishment and with a teacher with a specific training from a special teaching establishment. The obtained information was processed and it has enabled brief mapping of the current situation in the career consulting for schoolchildren with visual impairment in the South Bohemian region. The qualitative research of adequacy of notions that children with visual impairment have of their future career has brought quite surprising conclusions. The research has shown that, despite severity of visual impairment and the related limitations, the notions of the respondents seemed acceptable and adequate. In respect to career consulting and professional training of those children it is obvious that they are treated in a standard manner and in the same way as healthy children, that no integrated policy is available for them and that the concerned educational establishment does not take into account specific aspects associated with visual impairment.
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Internet as a tool for removing information deficit of individuals with visual impairments
ZÍKOVÁ, Hana
Currently, the development of Information and Communication technologies (ICT) has an positive impact on the living conditions of people with visual impairments. Assistive devices based on computer technology are becoming a crucial part of ICT, also the internet usage. The Internet represents a tool to compensate information access, individual mobility and in the process of education for every individual with visual impairment. The websites usage seems to be problem-free for most of the users. Completely different is the situation in case of individuals with visual impairment, who have to deal with many obstacles there. The theoretical part is focussed on the visual impairment and its classification, possibilities of compensation this kind of impairment and possible limits on information access. This bachelor thesis describes the ICT and the Internet in relation to the target group. One of the chapters is dedicated to the brief description of methodological material intended for the accessible web design. The very last chapter of the thesis is focussed on assistive devices. The main aim of the practical part is to determine the accessibility of particular civil services´ websites and some representative websites fixed on comfort of the human life. The practical part is based on analysis of inaccessibility of websites with the help of the methodological material intended for the individuals with special needs. It is also based on analysis of the qualitative research using observation methods. The results revealed the fact, that out of the 17 websites choosen there were only 2 of them, which comply with the rules completely. There were 14 websites, that proved mild deficiencies in complying with the rules. There was only 1 website, which did not meet the rules completely. The determination of accessibility particular websites in this bachelor thesis provides the material, that informs the people with the visual impairment about the accessibility of these websites. It can be used also as a suitable basis for people dealing with editing those websites.
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The importance of stimulation of sensory perception by preschool-aged children with visual impairment
NOHAVOVÁ, Lenka
This bachelor thesis engages in the topic "Stimulation of sense perception for sight-impaired children at preschool age". The theoretical section of the bachelor thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter focuses on the sight-impaired individual, the second chapter deals with the development of a preschool-aged child, the next chapter is concerned with the preschool education of sight-impaired children and the last chapter focuses on sense perception for those children. The main aim of my bachelor thesis is to augment the already existing School Education Program (SEP) for preschool education at nursery schools for the sight-impaired focussing on sense perception and to create educational aids. A constituent aim of this bachelor thesis is to determine through interviews with educators what section of SEP in the area of sensory education is suitable for augmentation. The second constituent aim is to produce educational aids, which will be a benefit for the development of sense perception for sight-impaired children at preschool age. The third constituent aim is to test the educational material in practice. In accordance with these stated aims there are three selected research questions. To achieve the stated aims for the completion of the bachelor thesis, qualitative research techniques were employed. For the collection of data in the practical section of this thesis semi-formal interviews with educators were used. On the basis of information ascertained from interviews further inquiries ensued. An additional method used was the secondary analysis of personal documentation of selected sight-impaired children at preschool age. The final method used during the research inquiries was participant observation and direct work with the sight-impaired children. With regards to the constituent aims observational categories were created. The research inquiries occurred in the period from January to the end of March 2014 in the Nursery School for the Sight-Impaired in České Budějovice. The target group, which was the research subject, was comprised of educators and sight-impaired children at preschool age. The results of my bachelor thesis are two personally devised educational aids focused on the development of touch perception. On the basis of observation it was determined that both aids expanded the stated observational categories. For the sight-impaired children, the devised aids contributed to the development not only of touch perception but also fine motor skills, speech and communication, sight perception, memory and thinking. The fist aid also supported the development of mathematical concepts and the second supported the development of concepts about the human body. The results of the research inquiry indicate that both aids were beneficial for the children. The children learned to work systematically during class, complete activities and make independent decisions. In class with the first aid they learned to rely on their own sense of touch, develop their vocabulary, and recognize geometrical figures and count. In class with the second aid they learned to distinguish different types of material and surfaces through touch, develop their vocabulary, distinguish colours by sight, gain an idea of the human body, and assemble a human body from individual parts. Based on observations, it is possible to say that the work of children with educational aid depends on several factors. It was found that the performance of children is affected by attention; environment in which they work; sufficient time to work; repeating and summarizing activities; daytime and the child alertness; motivation and the child interest. Currently on the market there is quite a large number of aids, which support the development of touch perception. Every offered aid, however, is not always suitable for different sight-impaired children. My aim was to produce an aid which was in some way original and which met all the necessary criteria.
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Drama in special pedagogic education
Helemíková, Lenka ; MACHKOVÁ, Eva (advisor) ; VALENTA, Josef (referee)
This work deals with the possibilities of using drama in special pedagogic education. It is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter is devoted to defining various types and forms of disability, specifies the requirements placed on teachers in special education in the field of drama. Describes the factors that influence an individual's reaction to his disability.
The second chapter defines drama in the system Paradramatic systems, approaches and other systems that are within the special education environment used.
The third chapter looks capabilities of drama in an educational environment in different groups of individuals with disabilities.
The fourth chapter presents a number of projects and hours in individuals with mental disabilities.
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Tactile book as one of tools for visually impaired children development
FLÍČKOVÁ, Radka
This bachelor´s thesis deals with the topic of tactile books as means of the development of a child with visual impairments. Its theoretical part is divided into four chapters which handle an individual with visual impairments, classification of people with visual impairments, specific development of a child of preschool age with this kind of impairment, tactile viewing, tyflographics and production of books with tactile illustrations. The main aim of my thesis was to find out the opinions of the parents who have children with visual impairments on tactile books and also to find out which possibilities these books offer to children. For that, I have specified seven survey questions. The first survey question was focused on where it is possible to borrow the tactile books. The second question concerns whether these books are of a good quality, interesting for parents and children and if there is enough of them. The third question dealt with the differences in reading of tactile books which depend on the rate of the handicap and child´s gender. In the fourth question children´s reactions to these books were examined. In the fifth question the parents were asked whether they find these books useful for their children or not. Then in the sixth question I examined which abilities of the disabled children are developing during the work with this book. Finally, the seventh question dealt with factors which influence the work of preschool child with the tactile book. The examined target group consists of parents of children with visual impairments in the Czech Republic and a blind preschool boy. The qualitative research strategy was used and the data were collected on the basis of semi-structured interviews, observation and document analysis. Most of the families have their books sent by post. The waiting time for the book depends on whether it is available or not. According to the provided answers, parents have enough books and they consider them to be of a good quality. They mostly said that a parent reads aloud to a child, tries to get him involved in the story, explains and helps with tactile reading. Blind children are usually first focused on a detail and there is an equal ratio of boys and girls. The children do not have any problems with materials during tactile viewing. Mostly the parents said that children use the book several times in a row. The parents see the main benefit of these books in the fact that their combine auditive sensation with tactile sensation, develop communication skills, imagination and they also introduce the world of healthy people to these children. Considering the results of my investigation, I would say that the tactile book can be perfect tool for improving the child´s manual dexterity, speech and communication, space and space-time orientation, tactile and auditory perception, memory, thought, attention, social relations. My experience gained during observation of the blind boy working with the tactile book leads me to the conclusion that many factors such as motivation, attention, the person working with the child, place, mood, position of the child, health condition and the book itself are important.
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The significance of free Time for the life´s quality of persons with Optic Handicap.
HESSOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis addresses the importance of leisure time for the quality of life of people with visual impairment. Leisure time has the same importance for the target group as it has for the majority. It brings relaxation, physical and mental relief and stress reduction. Leisure time also plays an important role in casual and informal integration. Sports activities constitute an ideal tool for involvement and integration of individuals with visual impairment into the society. These activities have a considerable benefit in the prevention of secondary impacts in individuals with visual impairment. The theoretical part consists of three main chapters. The first section defines the term ?quality of life.? The second section of the theoretical part addresses the term ?visual impairment.? The final section of the theoretical part defines the term ?leisure time?. The practical part of the bachelor thesis contains research objectives and research questions. The data were collected in a qualitative procedure, using the technique of a structured interview with open-ended questions. The research set consisted of four respondents with visual impairment from the region of České Budějovice. The objective of the bachelor thesis is to perform a qualitative research to introduce sports activities as a possible tool of prevention of secondary impacts of visual impairment. The above stated objective has two sub-objectives. A qualitative procedure was selected for achieving the objectives of the practical part of the bachelor thesis. The research took place through structured interviews with open-ended questions. The data collected from the respondents helped me to answer the below stated research questions. Research question No. 1: What is the importance of sports activities from the view of an individual with visual impairment? It is possible to state that the main benefit of sports activities for all the respondents is the improvement of both mental and physical condition, wellbeing and stress relief. These activities have a positive effect in the area of relieving the tension and having fun, and contribute to the feeling of living the day to the fullest. Research question No. 2: What sports activities do the respondents with visual impairment perform? The qualitative research has clearly shown that the sports activity most commonly performed by the respondents is swimming, followed by hiking and riding a tandem bike. Research question No. 3: Why do the respondents with visual impairment not perform sports activities in their leisure time? Ascertain the reasons. The qualitative analysis of the collected data has shown that the obstacles for performing sports activities in leisure time have an external nature. The reasons are either organizational problems or absence of assistance or guiding services. It has followed from the conclusions derived in relation to the first sub-objective that according to the analyzed individuals, the most common obstacle for performing sports activities is a limited availability of assistance. Another obstacle for performing the activities is their costs and problems with accessibility by transport. The outputs obtained in relation to the second sub-objective have proven that a very beneficial and preferred activity of the research set is swimming. Other sports activities conducted by them are hiking and riding a tandem bike. The analysis has shown that these activities have a positive effect particularly on the locomotor system. All these activities have a great benefit for the prevention of secondary impacts in individuals with visual impairment. The bachelor thesis may be used as a study material for the students of related branches due to the narrow specialization of the thesis in the branch of special education of people with visual impairment.
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The first introduction to electronic assistive devices for children with visual impairments in the instructional course.
PŘIBYLOVÁ, Hana
This First Degree (Bachelor) Thesis deals with the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids. The course was attended by two clients with severe visual impairment for whom methodological guidelines in the form of codes of practice were created. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. Further, the theoretical part is divided into six chapters the first of which is focused on visual impairment. The second chapter deals with the development of individuals suffering from visual impairment. The next chapter seeks to define the education of persons suffering from visual impairment and the related specialized pedagogical counselling. The fourth chapter bears on specialized pedagogical counselling for persons suffering from visual impairment. The fifth chapter applies to social rehabilitation and brings a presentation of consultancy facilities dealing with social rehabilitation as well. The last chapter describes compensatory aids for persons suffering from visual impairment. The goal of this thesis is to optimize a part of the existing course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids by adapting the codes of practice for the use by clients suffering from visual impairment. A partial aim consists in gaining knowledge about the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids through a debate with the instructor of course and, based on the instructor?s recommendation, to specify a theme that will be worked out in the codes of practice subsequently. Another aim of the thesis consists also in creating a guidance document that will contribute to a higher level of the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids and in subsequent verification thereof in practice. In accordance with the objectives set relevant research questions have been defined. For the achievement of the objectives set qualitative research was assigned and the following methods were used for the data collection. The first method applied is structured interview. The interview was conducted with the instructor of the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids. Based on the interview outcomes, the theme was designed that was developed into four codes of practice later on. The second method adopted in the research survey was observation through participation. There were defined observation categories corresponding to the partial aims of the thesis which were entered into the record sheet covering the observations to be realized. The last method employed was the method of secondary analysis of the clients? personal documentation. The research itself was carried out in the course of the period from February to mid- April in the premises of Tyflokabinet České Budějovice, o.p.s., the institution that is realizing the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids. The group subject to research consisted of a sightless pupil and a partially sighted pupil. The result of my work represents an original methodological document. Thanks to the evaluation of the subject matter presented at the end of each lesson, it was found that the codes of practice were, on the other hand, beneficial to the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids and, on the other hand, contributed to the understanding of the subject matter treated. Based on observations, I found that the teaching lesson of the course is influenced by the time of one hour allotted to the course and by the attention of attending clients, too. Based on the observations realized we can say that various games and activities can be made up that are intended for the practicing of the subjects discussed, however, the time allotted to the course teaching, viz. 60 minutes, must be taken into consideration. It has been proven that the 60 minutes were often not sufficient for discussing all the subjects prepared, still the time of 60 minutes is too long for maintaining the attention of the clients.
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