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Peculiarities of nursing care for a child under 6 years old with burns
KUČEROVÁ, Radka
Peculiarities of nursing care for a child under 6 years old with burns Current status This thesis deals with the peculiarities of nursing care for a child under 6 years old with burns. Children belong to one of the groups at risk of thermal injury. Treatment of burns is long and painful, because it involves surgical procedures, such as necrectomy, necrotomy and autotransplantation. After burns treatment scars are formed, which can harm a child physically and emotionally. Subsequent rehabilitation requires patience and consistency. The theoretical part is devoted to children burns. It deals with factors affecting the severity of the burn trauma. These factors include the mechanism of injury, location, extent, depth of injury and age of the individual. The work is further focused on the first aid for a burned area of a child and describes the necessary measures to safeguard children's condition. Treatment of burns is divided into conservative and surgical parts. Work aims and research questions To achieve the goals four research questions were created. Question 1: What are the peculiarities of nursing care for children with burns? Question 2: How a follow-up care with burns is done? Question 3: What are the main needs to be satisfied in terms of children with burns? Question 4: What are the problems in meeting higher needs of children with burns? Methodology of work In this work a research qualitative method was carried out, using semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Before undertaking the survey, the principal and head nurse were asked for permission to carry out the survey and they agreed. Interviews were conducted with six nurses who have experience with treating children with burns. The interviews were held separately with each nurse and were recorded in writing. For the purpose of the interview 29 key questions were made (see Appendix 3), and others were added during the interviews, depending on the answers of the nurses. Four nurses were observed at the intensive care unit department. Before the observation an observation sheet was compiled (see Appendix 6) and nurses were observed during their daily services. Results The research showed that the nursing care of children with burns has its own specifics. The selected nurses stated in the interviews that under nutrition having enough proteins and fluids is very important. Regarding the excretion the nurses indicated that when genitalia are burned, they introduce, as prescribed by a doctor, the permanent urinary catheter (hereinafter PUC). Other specifics has the pain treatment. All nurses reported that pain is checked regularly. Apart from analgesics they talked about alternative methods of pain treatment. Another area was sleeping. All nurses reported that they inquire sleep rituals from parents to put their children easier to sleep. Questions about the children needs, nurses had problems with accurate requirements listing. They were unable to identify needs. The results of the observation confirmed that nurses respect the principles of nursing care for a child with burns, as reported in the interviews. Nurses abided by aseptic approach and increased genital hygiene in terms of PUC Conclusion The survey revealed that nurses working at the burns clinic are fully qualified in the field of nursing care for burned children. Nurses know the specifics of nursing care, nutrition, excretion, hygiene, sleep and needs of children. They are aware that in terms of burns it is essential to follow aseptic approach, which means to use sterile disposable equipment and protective clothing. During the interviews with the nurses it was difficult to obtain information about the children needs and their satisfaction. From the interviews and observations emerged that nurses tried to satisfy the children needs as much as possible within the boun
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Temporary Foster Care in Comparison with the Infant Care Centres in the Czech Republic
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis deals with temporary foster care in comparison with the infant care centers in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part consists of child development by the age of 3, definitions of basic terms, the history of alternative family care and institutional care, legislative, the definition of temporary foster care and infant care centers, and discussion. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to introduce the scheme of temporary foster care in comparison with the infant care centers in the Czech Republic based on professional literature. The next goal is to find out which type of the care is more beneficial for child and for the state. The qualitative research was used to fulfill the goal on the basis of the secondary analysis of the obtained data. I chose 2 research questions: which type of the care is beneficial for child in terms of child's basic needs and which type of the care is more beneficial for the state in terms of financial demands and staffing.
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Myths and realities in substitute family care
VLASATÁ, Sabina
This thesis deals with the myths and realities which accompany the foster care. The goal of this work was to analyze awareness of inhabitants about the foster care of the Central-bohemia Region. The work is divided into the theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part describes important concepts with which these problems are linked, such as adoption, foster care, temporary foster care, guardianship, etc.. It deals also with basic needs of the child and family functions which are very important for proper development of the child. The thesis also describes how the process of arranging foster care working and what are the requirements for applicants, there is also the information about file documentation of the applicant and the child. The thesis further concentrates to ministries which are involved in child care outside the family. In my thesis I also deals with myths that often accompany foster care. For example it is a myth that includes the percentage of children who returned to their biological families or a close relative. The practical part of this thesis is processed by using a quantitative questionnaire survey. The research sample includes 100 respondents, who are inhabitants of the Central Bohemia region - it consists of 68 women and 32 men. The questions within the questionnaire were directed to answer the research questions that this work contains. After evaluation of the data of questionnaire that data was processed into graphs. Based on these graphs, I replied in a discussion on the research questions and evaluate how many percent of the sample from the Central Bohemia Region knows what is meant by adoption, foster care and guardianship. How many percent of respondents voted for adoption, if they can't have their own child and what percentage of them would have chosen up for adoption a child of the same nationality. I also answered due to research questions how many percent of the respondents knows where in their area look for some form of institutional care for a child under the age of 3 and what percentage knows which ministries are involved in institutional child care.
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The Quality of Life in Children´s Homes for Chidren Aged 10 - 18
KLOUDOVÁ, Markéta
This work evaluates the quality of life of children (aged 10-18) in children's homes. The theoretical part deals with defining terms such as alternative care, foster care and institutional care. Next section describes the periodization of human development, specifically deals with the age category of puberty and adolescence. The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses on the quality of life and circadian rhythms. In the practical part the results of the survey, which took place in three children's homes in Prague, are presented. The standardized questionnaire for children ComQOL (Czech version) was used for the research part. The aims of the work were to determine the quality of life of children (in particular relating to circadian rhythms) and on the basis of collected data evaluate the compliance with the habits of sleep patterns and overall sleep hygiene of girls and boys interviewed from the selected children's homes. In both age groups non-regularity of sleep hygiene was found, especially at weekends when sleep time is delayed to late night
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Age structure of children in kindergarten classes
RYKLOVÁ, Simona
The aim and purpose of my bachelor work is to map the views of nursery school teachers to work in classes homogeneous and heterogeneous. I will provide the pros and cons of both. Key issues on which I want to find answers: ? What is the optimal composition of the class in terms of kindergarten teachers in terms of age ? Which of the variants of homogeneous or heterogeneous is preferred by teachers and why The theoretical part concentrates on socialization of preschool children in the family as the primary social group and a description of the problem of socialization of preschool children in residential institutions. The issue of the age class composition in terms of taste of RVP PV and alternative educational programs. The practical part is focused on the views of teachers in kindergartens. The research I would like to use a questionnaire, which then will be evaluated and I will do observations of both classes of homogeneous and heterogeneous as well. Here I focus on the level of socialization of children.
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Child as a victim of domestic violence
JANŮ, Alena
Domestic violence is currently seen as a significant social problem; it is a form of violence that is widespread throughout the world, in all cultures and all social strata. Domestic violence is usually directed against women, to a lesser extent also against men or senior citizens. Children living in families at risk of domestic violence should be seen as indirect victims of domestic violence too. Domestic violence does not threaten the victims only, but also children who are present in violent incidents between the parents. This thesis, which is focused on children as victims of domestic violence, is divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part explained the basic concepts in this field. In the beginning, it was important to highlight the importance of family, its essential functions and vital role in meeting the needs of all its members. Another section explains the definitions of domestic violence, the key features of family violence, its types and forms, as well as victims of domestic violence are dealt with. In connection with the focus on the child as a victim of domestic violence, the CAN syndrome is explained as an issue of maltreated, neglected and abused children. Finally, is described the possible impact of the presence of domestic violence in the family on the development and psychology of the child. The thesis also summarizes the possibility of legal protection for persons at risk of domestic violence, including interventions and assistance to victims. The practical part of the thesis processes the results obtained by quantitative research, both from the statistics of the Intervention Centre for Help to the Victims of Domestic Violence at the Diocesan Charity in České Budějovice and the data obtained from a questionnaire sent to institutions, at municipal authorities of municipalities with extended powers, for the social and legal protection of children. The objective was to find out whether domestic violence occurs mainly in families with children and what the effect of domestic violence in the family is on the child?s mental development. The region concerned was South Bohemia. Based on the data obtained, the following information was found: the total number of households with domestic violence in which minors were present, the total number of threatened children, and the impact of violence among adult household members present on the psyche of children.
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Health and social impacts of alternate care for children at primary school
KRÁSNÁ, Jana
Social impacts of an alternative care for a child younger than the school age In present days, the divorce is considered to be a very good solution to every disharmony in the marriage. Therefore I consider very necessary to deal with children who come from divorced families because they are affected by a disintegration of their family the most. Especially children want the most of all to have the family as before and to continue to have both beloved parents, father and mother and not to lose them. In my bachelor thesis I therefore focused on an issue of the alternative care. This option appeared in the court practice 13 years ago by an amendment of the Family Act. Its purpose is to keep present both parents and the extended family for the child. This type of care should therefore closely reflect the needs of the child as much as possible. The aim of my bachelor thesis was to determine effects of the alternative care for child younger than school age and whether the alternative care meets the child´s needs better than a sole custody of one parent. Among the interviewees I examined what they consider to be positives and what are negatives of the alternative care. The respondents were staff of institutions of the social and legal protection from individual towns of the Czech Republic, then psychologists and parents who have some experience in the alternative care. To collect the data I used a method of the quantitative distribution of the anonymous questionnaires which were compiled from the questions I had prepared for the interview. In that way the sent questionnaires are very similar to the interviews. The research results that have been evaluated by a qualitative method are as follows: Respondents find as the positive impact of the alternative care the keeping of both parents. On the contrary the evaluated negative impact is a frequent migration and an unstable environment for the child. The most commonly used and tested interval for the alternation is one-week´s interval. The considered positives of the alternative care are especially in an active presence of both parents in the upbringing of the child and also its better readiness for a partner life and a better coping with the divorce. The frequent change of the child´s environment is again referred as negative. Furthermore, the results indicate that the child´s needs should be met through the alternative care similarly like they are in a family.
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"The Children´s Home as One of the Solutions to a Dysfunctional Family Care Situation"
ŘEPÁSKOVÁ, Daniela
This thesis deals with relationships between parents and children in the family, as well as the role of the family and breakdowns in this role, the raising of children and the socialisation of children in a children{\crq}s home environment. The theoretical part of this work describes the family and the factors that come into play when it comes to childcare. Furthermore, it outlines what constitutes healthy child development, which is only facilitated by a good-quality parent-child relationship. It looks at the issue of rescuing the family environment and the possibility of alternative nurturing care, particularly in family-type children{\crq}s homes. The practical part of this thesis describes the current quality of childcare in family-type children{\crq}s home facilities and the support provided for optimising this care. It presents a summary of the reasons for placing children in a children{\crq}s home. It outlines and analyses problematic conditions for rearing youngsters in five children{\crq}s homes in the central Bohemian region. The results of a questionnaire survey demonstrate the possibility of satisfactory nurturing and social adjustment for children in the care environment of a children{\crq}s home.
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Children's home and its role in solving social situation of a child
JANEČKOVÁ, Jana
Children{\crq}s home is a facility where children whose parents cannot or will not care for them are placed. It provides care whose purpose is to ensure everything a child needs for good development in an environment that tries to be as close as possible to a family. Children are placed in a children{\crq}s home mostly on the basis on a court ruling. A child{\crq}s social situation is, in the context of the work, understood as a situation and circumstances when it is necessary to provide a child with protection or help based on the act on social and legal protection of children, in particular situations that lead to the ordering of institutional care. The aim of this work is to map in more detail what role a children{\crq}s home plays when dealing with a child{\crq}s social situation. The data were obtained as a part of quantitative research whose aim was to verify or refute the set hypotheses. The method of asking questions, interview technique, was chosen for data gathering. Three hypotheses were set as a part of the research part.
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