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Development and history of nuclear weapons and their importance today.
KRAFKA, Jiří
The term atom has fascinated the philosophers since Ancient Greece. Since this period the scientists from the whole world have been more and more interested in the atom. They have researched its structure, properties and applicability. The atom has also become the basic element for constructing nuclear weapons. Many states all over the world tried to construct these weapons during the Second World War. In 1945 the United States of America managed to design ones. The Americans used them against the civil inhabitants twice. The weapons were dropped over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since the year 1945 more than 2 000 nuclear tests have been taken. That is why international contracts which adjust the testing and use of nuclear weapons have emerged. In the theoretical part of my bachelor's thesis on the topic "The development and history of nuclear weapons and their significance for today's world" I deal with the atom, its history and radioactivity. The next part of the bachelor's thesis is dedicated to the development of nuclear weapons in various countries which tried to design a nuclear weapon during the war. Afterwards I described the war use of nuclear weapons against the civil inhabitants in two Japanese cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which lead to the end of the WW II. The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to evaluate possible use of nuclear weapons, alternatively a nuclear war, and to verify and compare students' knowledge of nuclear weapons and their effects. These students involved in the research were the ones studying the programme Population Protection in the bachelor's as well as in the master's study. Within the thesis the following hypotheses were stated: "The knowledge of students of the study programme Population Protection has normal distribution" and "The knowledge of students of master's study will be statistically more prominent than of the ones studying the bachelor's study. To reach defined aims it was necessary to analyse literary and other sources. Next, it was indispensable to create a questionnaire and perform a questionnaire survey. The research ensemble comprised 126 students of the bachelor's study programme and 50 students of the master's study programme. The questionnaire which was presented to these students consisted of 14 questions. It was aimed at finding out the knowledge in the sphere of nuclear weapons and on the basis of the results I compared the knowledge of the students of the bachelor's study programme and the master's one. The students of the programme Population Protection in the master's study proved better knowledge of examined issues than the students of the bachelor's study. However, the students showed unsatisfactory knowledge in some of the questions. Especially in the second one, only 33 % of the respondents knew what the name of nuclear programme in Germany was. The next problematic question was the one number 13, in view of the fact that 53 % of the students know that the most nuclear tests were performed by USA and 47 % of the students thought that it was the Soviet Union which carried out the most tests. The question number 4 was correctly answered by 55 % of the students. The question was: "What was the name of the first nuclear bomb?". The sixth question concerning the year of testing this first bomb was also correctly answered by only 55 % of the students. On the other hand, the students proved the best knowledge when responding to the seventh and eighth question. When answering the question number 7, 96% of the students know that after the explosion of a nuclear bomb a mushrooms cloud is formed. The gained data from the questionnaires were statistically processed. Subsequently, the given hypotheses were confirmed, the knowledge of students of the study programme Population Protection has normal distribution and the knowledge of students of master's study will be statistically more prominent than of the ones studying the bachelor's study.
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Processing of survey works in the selected locality as the basis for land consolidation project
ŠTANGLOVÁ, Kateřina
This Bachelor´s thesis focuses on the research processing as resource documents for a comprehensive land arrangement in a selected cadastral area of Okrouhlá Radouň. In the literary research there are mainly explained the basic terms such as the land arrangement, the forms and the aims of land arrangement. The second part deals with a detailed research of the selected cadastral area. The work consisted particularly in collecting the necessary resource documents, the analysis and evaluation of the received information. The research provides a detailed characteristics of locality, economic land use, transportation system, soil conservation, landscape and nature.
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Analysis and risk assessment of selected technologies of construction of structures
Šifrová, Sláva ; Bednářová, Bronislava (referee) ; Vymazal, Tomáš (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the identification, analysis and assessment of risks in three key areas (quality, environment, occupational safety and health). The paper made a risk analysis according to ISO 31000: 2010 Risk Management - Principles and guidelines. The risk assessment of selected construction technologies were chosen following methods - analysis methods and consequences of failures (FMEA), Pareto diagram, analysis of the causes and consequences (Ishikawa) and analysis of the type of butterfly. Using these methods are evaluated selected risks to propose action to reduce its value and impact. The aim of this thesis is to identify, assess and analyze the risks and handle simple tools for the management and elimination.
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The calculation of the short circuits of the given network
Bordovský, Lukáš ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Toman, Petr (advisor)
The main aim of this Bachelor thesis is to introduce you a calculation of short-circuit rates in compliance with IEC 60909, and a subsequent calculation of a scheduled real network. The thesis itself is divided into two parts : a theory about the short-circuit problems and a simple model example are stated in the first part, in the second part is stated the calculation of the given real network for the case of an occurence of shunt faults at distribution points, namely a three-phase fault, a two-phase isolated fault, a double-phase-to-earth fault and a single phase fault. The work is coupled with a determination of current and voltage rates at points P and K. At the point P is situated distance protection relay and at the point K comes the shunt fault. The calculations are done with a method of successive simplification.
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CHEMICALS MANAGEMENT IN THE COMPANY PRIMAGRA,a.s.
GAIGEROVÁ, Petra
Abstract The protection of the population against the consequences of major accidents in recent years has been a very important issue to deal with. As well as hazardous chemicals which we encounter in our everyday life, intentionally or unintentionally. Therefore I have chosen the theme, which deals with the effects of hazardous chemicals and the possibility of accidents caused by hazardous substances. Another motivation for the selection of the topic of this work is that I have been working as head of the laboratory in a chemical plant for several years and proper handling of chemical substances has become an everyday necessity, as well as improving prevention of our company. Most of the people associate industrial accident with the Ukrainian Chernobyl nuclear plant disaster or a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy. The releases of hazardous substances into the environment are frighteningly common in the Czech Republic as well. The main aim of this work is to determine possible impacts of the effects of individual hazardous substances on the Primagra Company, a.s. Considering this aim, the main research question has been raised: Which hazardous substances in the Primagra Company, a.s. can cause accidents? Based on this issue, further practical parts of the next target can be defined: simulation of the accident in the Primagra Company, a.s., threats to the object and possible accidents. The thesis is divided into two parts: the first theoretical part is followed by the introduction of the Primagra Company, a.s., by the sort of stored substances and modeling that is important for finding possible impacts on the accident. The introductory section summarizes the basic information concerning major accidents, legislation and examples of accidents that are associated with the release of hazardous substances in the past. Regarding the topic of the work, the thesis describes features of hazardous chemicals, labeling and packaging of the chemical substances and preparations, documentation of hazardous chemicals and important physical properties associated with the management of hazardous substances. The significance of the second part is the implementation of the simulation, also known as modelling of a chemical accident associated with hazardous chemicals. Primagra Company, a.s. became a selected plant where several hazardous substances were treated at once. For the purpose of modelling, methanol was used as a substance. TerEx was used as a simulation software tool. By using this program two emergency situations were modelled. The type of model Bleve was used, which is suitable for the hitting of the tank by fire and subsequent destruction. The bulk of the tank contents then escapes into the cloud of gas and vapor of the liquid, which is rapidly mixed with the air. Subsequent fire has risen sharply due to turbulence and mixing with air. The result is a rising ball of fire - ie. Fire Ball. It is possible to conclude from the modeled results and outputs that a dangerous cloud reaching 145 m from the site of an accident would occure. It could cause mortality of 10% within the distance of 145 m. There would be a risk of burns 1 degree within a distance of 375 m. Recommended evacuation distance by reaching 375 m. By the analysis, it was found, that in the case of an accident in the company Primagra, a.s. employees, the population in the surroundings, the environment, property of the company may be affected. The company would suffer a loss in a business field, such as loss of customer interest, direct material and production decrease. More serious impacts that would implicate in human lives would not occur, however. This work may either be used in the company Primagra Company, a.s. as a protection against accidents or as a study material.
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Safety and health protection at work in logistic
HRACHOVCOVÁ, Tereza
I obtained basic information for my bachelor work during my short-term attachment within the company Allimit s.r.o. This company engages in safety and health protection at work. While getting familiarize with the topic I acquired information about a company that would be suitable for my work. I attended an annual safety inspection in storage spaces of Agrozet Ceske Budejovice a.s. executed by qualified employees of the Allimit s.r.o. company. As a result there were found minor imperfections. I used a software program Rizika na PC to evaluate these drawbacks from the safety point of view. My conclusion was that all of them were of low risk level and no urgent remedies were required. Steps that I suggested to be taken were to restore marking, remove possible risk factors, improve communication and familiarise employees with the company rules once again.
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Tvořivost a tvořivé vyučování na vybrané odborné škole
Sýkorová, Kristýna
The bachelor thesis deals with creativity and creative teaching in vocational schools, which for this type of education suitable to the achievement of educational and training goals. In the theoretical section details the basic concepts, teaching methods and activating methods. The basis for the development of this part of the study of literature, it's analysis and analysis. The theoretical part is an introduction and summary of the basic concepts and methods. The practical part is to evaluate the current status via a questionnaire survey of agricultural secondary school teachers who teach vocational subjects in the field of Natural lyceum, Agribusiness (economy and operation) and the protection of nature and environment. The data are analyzed and evaluated basic statistical methods. The work also includes drawing up recommendations for improving the current state and design of creative hours.
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The Free Encyclopedia Wikipedia as an Information Resource, its Creation, Content and Services
Sakastrová, Lucie ; Bratková, Eva (advisor) ; Kovaříková, Klára (referee)
The master thesis provides analysis and evaluation of the free encyclopedia Wikipedia (http://www.wikipedia.org/) as an information resource and the resulting opportunities and proposals for its usage with a focus on a subject field of information science and librarianship. The thesis focuses mainly on English language version of Wikipedia with significant overlaps in its Czech language version, too. -- The introductory part deals with an introduction to basic matters, terminology and historical introduction and the basic features and qualities of Wikipedia (its history, goals, principles, operator, software, funding, size and popularity), including detailed analysis of related fields (the license terms, responsibility for its content, privacy policy, users and their categorization and motivation). -- The core part of thesis provides a detailed and comprehensive analysis and evaluation of Wikipedia's content, its content-organization tools, quality-management tools, communication tools and its services. Significant part of the core part is devoted to a detailed analysis of the most important tool of hierarchical organization of the content of Wikipedia - its categorial system - focusing on a categorial system of the Czech language version. -- The following chapters deal with qualitative aspects of...
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Assessment of anthropogenic changes of the riverbed of Blanice river under Husinec reservoir since 1945 and its impact on the flood situation
ČAMPULKA, Martin
This bachelor thesis focuses on anthropogenic changes of the flow of South Bohemian river Blanice and their influence on potential floodings. For the purpose of my thesis, the part of the river was chosen, which begins at the bridge (the road 142) by "U Skuhrů" locality and ends under the "Husinecká přehrada" dam. Within the frame of the thesis, the defined part of the river was monitored, the observed parameters were recorded, processed and evaluated. The mapping of the chosen area shows naturally close relation between the position of the Blanice river in the monitored area and the possible engagement of the river meadow in the flooding process. It was found out that there is unsatisfactory antiflooding protection in municipalities as their intravian is in the river Blanice meadow but on the other hand, there is effort to try to solve this situation.
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