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Endoparasites of cattle under various breeding management
HOLUBOVÁ, Nikola
Samples of excrements for parasitic investigation was taken away in 16 breeding, when it was about 3 breeding - when animals were been regularly milking, 11 breeding of fatcattle, one breeding of wisents and one breeding of aurochs. It was been observing the influence of technology of breeding, when it was about ecology breeding. Utility type of fatcattle was been permanently grazing, milk animal was 6 months grazing and 6 months stabled. Hobby breeding of wisents and aurochs was been breeded whole year on the pasture. According the lokality, where the breeding is, was noticed the altitude. Statistic analysis proved that the decrease of prevalence kryptosporids infection was in the straight relationship with the increase of altitude. The most infected was herds breeded to the 500 metres altitude. Ossurrence of endoparasites was observed on the dependence of seasonal occurrence. The most low prevalence of parasites infections was found out at miking animals, so that means stabled animals and grazing. Statistic analysis proved animals breeded in system of whole year grazing are statistical to much more infected by parasites than animals breed like technology combined grazing and stabling. Pursuance of occurence and risk of infection of individual species of parasites were consensus statistical comparison found out that animal whole year grazing are 7,25× frequently infected by fluke of Paramphistomum genus (?2=16,4; d.f.=1; P<0,001). In the comparison was no found out diference beetwen occurrence of cocsids genus Eimeria, infusorian of Buxtonella genus, nematode Trichostrongylidea family and fluke Fasciola hepatica species in the dependence of cattle breeding technology. In the breeding was used anti-parasites medicamets IVOMEC SUPER and HELMIGAL. Pursuance of detailed analysis I grew up the end that application of anti-parasites medicamets had no influence on occurrence and prevalence of Fasciola hepatica fluke s pecies and pulmonary nemathods Dictyocaulus genus. On the contrary animals - which weren´t cured anti-parasites medicamets ? were 4,85× frequently inficated by gastrointestinal nemathods (GIN).
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Children obesity prevention policies
Juřenčáková, Michaela ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Marešová, Kateřina (referee)
In 2015 there will be approximately 2.3 billion overweight individuals and more than 700 million people will suffer from obesity. Children obesity prevention is becoming a significant activity within various institutions and organisations. Firstly, the thesis introduces factors that are responsible for obesity and comes up with an overview of prevention programs that take place in the Czech Republic. Effectiveness and positive impacts of prevention in childhood are proved by simple comparison of costs of prevetion programs and health care costs that has to be provide to obese adult. Thesis finally detect a lack of exact data that would show the extent of programs effectiveness and changes in prevalence after the realization.
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PUBERTY AS RISK PERIOD FOR DEVELOPMENT OF EATING DISORDERS
SVOBODA, Jiří
Eating disorders mostly appears in adolescent girls and young women. They usually have a chronic course, serious mental, somatic and social consequences. The two most defined disorders, as done by MKN-10 and DSM-IV, among eating disorders are Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa, in both of which sufferers are excessively concerned about their self-body image. These disorders start to develop mostly between the age of 13-25 and there are ten times more women than men. Anorexia nervosa remains a highly morbid condition with the highest mortality of any other psychiatric disorder. The aim of the survey is to find the symptoms of eating disorders among 288 young girls age 13-15 from the Ceske Budejovice and to obtain prevalence rate of eating disorders. The author wants to verify hypothesis which presumes that the prevalence rate of eating disorders is 1-6%. Obtained information were acquired by anonymous questionnaires EAT-26. In our research the author found 19 girls with 20 or more points in EAT-26 questionnaire.
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Smoking prevalence in students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies, the University of South Bohemia.
SLAVÍČKOVÁ, Klára
Smoking is becoming a huge problem not only in the Czech Republic but in all developed countries of the world. It is thus worldwide pandemics, which is necessary to take precautions against. Although the smoking prevalence in middle aged men and women is decreasing, it is increasing in both sexes of younger age groups. Especially, the big problem is occasional as well as regular smoking since the age of ten already. This exactly increases the importance of smoking prevalence. Significant role is played by the healthy life style education which should be provided by a family as well as the school educational system. In smokers there is a higher risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases; smokers have also higher inclination toward the onset of cancer than non-smokers. The most serious is bronchogenic carcinoma. The thesis was processed by a quantitative way using questionnaires. The research groups were the students of full-time study in the Faculty of Health and Social Studies, the University of South Bohemia. The main objective was to map the occurrence of smoking in students in selected study programmes of the faculty. I stated three hypotheses for the research. Hypothesis 1, students of the faculty are addicted to nicotine and are not satisfied with their addiction, was proved. Hypothesis 2, smokers prevail non-smokers in the group of investigated students, was not proved. Hypothesis 3, students do not lack information on smoking harmfulness, was proved. The research showed that 41.1% women and 40% men suffer from middle addiction to nicotine. The thesis should serve as an information source for the students and lecturers of the faculty and further it might initiate the establishment of the faculty anti-smoking clinic.
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