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Zemědělská technika a mechanizace pro agrolesnictví
Makovský, Milan
The aim of the thesis is to analyse the newly prepared subsidy title Agroforestry. To propose the necessary techniques for the establishment and subsequent care of agroforestry systems. The chosen topic is addressed on the basis of the processed information from specialized literature sources that describe the requirements of this system. The developed solution provides the possibility of comprehensive establishment (planting) and maintenance of the system, thanks to the creation of procedures and machinery lines for the maintenance of all tree species covered by the agroforestry subsidy but also for tree species outside the scope of the subsidy measure. The main contribution of this work is to analyze the Agroforestry subsidy title and, thanks to the knowledge found, to offer those who will implement this measure in their agroecosystem the right set-up of the machine line so that they can meet all the criteria and requirements set and can achieve the fulfillment of the subsidy title. The paper further discusses the nature and importance of agroforestry systems, their impact on the ecosystem and their benefits. It also describes the types of agroforestry systems depending on the location and method of establishment. The thesis includes a description of the history of agroforestry in the Czech Republic.
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Vázání uhlíku ve stínících dřevinách na agrolesnických kávových plantážích v Nikaragui
Hrubešová, Karolína
The bachelor's thesis presents the results of calculating the amount of sequestered carbon in shading trees and coffee plants on three selected agroforestry coffee plantations in the department of Matagalpa, which are located at an altitude from 880 m above sea level to 1400 m above sea level. The territory of the selected plantations belongs to the ecosystem of tropical montane cloud forest. The highest stock of carbon in the above-ground and underground biomass of shading trees was at the Selva Negra plantation, located at an altitude of 880 – 1,300 m above sea level, it was 48,7 ± 1,5 Mg ha-1, in addition coffee plants was 2,5 ± 0,22 Mg ha-1. At the La Dalia plantation at an altitude of 950 – 1,050 m above sea level, the above-ground and underground carbon stock in shade trees was 33,36 ± 1,94 Mg ha-1 and 2,3 ± 0,5 Mg ha-1 in the coffee plant. The total carbon stock from aboveground and belowground biomass of shade trees at the La Esperanza plantation, at an altitude of 1,350 – 1,400 m above sea level, was 28,8 ± 2,6 Mg ha-1. In coffee plants, the total supply was 1,9 ± 0,02 Mg ha-1. Funding options were proposed from the information found. If the studied plantations were interested in fi-nancial gain from traded carbon, they could each individually be entitled to a one time contribution: USD 2,656.47 (La Eperanza), USD 4,430.34 (Selva Negra), USD 3,085.66 (La Dalia).
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Silvoorebné agrolesnické systémy - protierozní ochrana na svazích v RenoFarma Bílovec a.s.
Pšenko, Martin
The diploma thesis deals with the design of agroforestry systems on selected plots of agricultural enterprise RenoFarma Bílovec a.s. (Nový Jičín district). These plots are located in slopes that are at risk of erosion so it is risky to farm there for maximum profit. During the field investigation, the current condition of the agricultural land was determined and photo documentation was taken (DJI drone). Using the available data and map documents, the aim of the work is to design suitable silvoarable agroforestry systems together with strip cropping management in two variants, where the first one considers the use of a subsidy system and the second one does not. The common assumption of both variants is the best possible anti-erosion effect. As part of the results, there are also economic calculations, showing the issue in its connection with the current state agricultural policy.
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Možnosti využití travních porostů v rámci agrolesnictví
Macek, Libor
The bachelor's thesis deals with the use of grasslands with a focus on grasses and clover in agroforestry systems. The first part describes the agroforestry itself – its characteristics and significance. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on woody plants suitable for agroforestry systems, especially in the conditions of Central Europ, as well as on their production and non-production functions. The most suitable representatives are for example, walnut (Juglans), poplar (Populus), but also less economically used representatives, such as cherry (Prunus) or rowan (Sorbus). At the same time, agroforestry is divided into certain units, which are characterized by their functions, both in the tropics and in Europe. The most typical systems in Europe are mainly silvopastoral systems, but also increasingly used alley cropping on arable land. The second part describes various agroforestry systems using grasslands as well as practical examples of functioning systems in different climate zones. Attention is also paid to individual members of the family Poaceae and Fabaceae suitable for their characteristic properties in these systems. The most important for shading appear to be tolerant representatives such as Agrostis stolonifera L. or Festuca arundinacea Schreb. from the Poaceae family or Meadow clover (Trifolium pratense L.) from the Fabaceae family. Possible interactions related to the coexistence of woody plants, grasses and clover, such as competition and allelopathy, are also not neglected.
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Agrolesnictví v suchých oblastech
MUTOTA, Likarius Hilifaali
Agriculture plays an important role in our everyday life. Agroforestry is the intended integration of plants and shrubs into farming systems of crops and animals to form an economic, environmental and social benefit. The study is focused on secondary information from different parts of the world. Reviewed papers include studies about agroforestry, water budgeting and dry climates. It has been discovered that there are several approaches introduced to promote agroforestry and water budgeting. Such approaches are encouraged in dry climates, especially in African countries such as Namibia. One of the best strategies to overcome challenges of dry climates in order to promote agroforestry is what is called water budgeting. Water budgeting can be used for a number of land use and water use developments. The study recommends that future studies should investigate tree species that will suit best in agroforestry projects to improve sustainable water management in agroforestry for dry climates.
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Hodnocení převodu plantáží koky na agro-lesnické plantáže kakaa, Huayhuantillo, Peru
Mervartová, Dita
A small village called Huayhuantillo, situated close to the town Tingo María in the region of Huánuco, is a really interesting place due to the cultivation of cocoa trees in the agro-forestry system. The most common shade species is guaba, in Latin Inga edulis. Coca, in general, is considered to be one of the most important plants in Peru, especially in the Andes. Nevertheless, the organized cocaine trade in the time of the Shining Path Party had a significantly negative effect on the social situation in the country. Long term cultivation of coca causes soil erosion while the use of unknown fertilizers, herbicides and by-products of cocaine production pollute soils and water sources. Since the year 2003 the farmers have been forced by different Peruvian organizations and the government of the US to destroy their coca plantations and start cultivating something else, cocoa or coffee for example. That is one of the reasons why cocoa is such an extensive commodity nowadays in Peru and cultivation has increased there. Opinions of local people, soil samples in combination with measuring cocoa trees and shade trees by Fildmap technology in Huayhuntillo suggests that our hypothesis about the advantages of using agro-forestry systems in the case of a conversion of coca plantation is correct.
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Influence of air humidity, air and soil temperature and soil moisture on diameter increment of Pinus spp.
Bartoš, Radek
Increments of hourly intervals of Pinus oocarpa was measured during the year 2015. The research was based in Villa Rica area, Peru. Each hour change of stem was measured by band dendrometer even climatic values like air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature and soil water availability were measured every hour too. The measured tree is part of agroforestry system of coffee, where shading tree is the main role. Measured climatic values were compared to daily changes and weekly changes of the stem. A statistically significant effect (p<0.001) was found only for the temperature and humidity of the air and their effect on changes in the strain during day and night. The above graphs have a clear effect on other values where statistical significance has not been demonstrated.
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