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Welfare for big cervids - needs of Cervidae and possibilities of their fulfillment in Zoo Brno expositions
PŘICHYSTALOVÁ, Michala
Many species of deer family (Cervidae) are common among the inmates zoos and similar livestock farms. Center of radiation biungulates deer family was Asia, deer now inhabit all continents except Antarctica. The zoo in Brno kepts following species: Siberian deer (Cervus elaphus sibiricus) inhabit the forested areas of Southeast Asia. In the older literature is cited as subspecies of deer (Cervus elaphus), modern science provides evidence of a greater relationship with wapiti (Cervus canadensis). Pere David's deer - milu (Elaphurus davidianus), according to IUCN Red List (March 2010) extinct in the wild. Original homeland Pere David's deer was China, now survive in zoos and half-wild in Chinese reserves. The greatest representative of the family of deer is elk (Alces alces). The area of the extension occupies mainly the Nordic countries of Europe and North Asia and America. Several subspecies have been described, one of them is Moose (Alces alces alces). The aim of present work was to evaluate the environmental conditions of Siberian deer, Pere David's deer and Moose in a European zoo Brno and verify compliance with the peace breeding principles. Elements were under consideration as the herd age structure, composition of feed rations, equipment enclosure. Data were obtained from maps and engineering plans for the zoo and analysis of available materials. There are lists that register notes on animal health and veterinary interventions carried out by carers in the years 2007, 2008 and 2009. Registrations and notes show that the animals were subjected to influences that may affect their welfare. Most of these effects is necessary for the operation of the zoo and not in conflict with the principles of farming. In these lists were not found facts which would clearly prevent successful breeding of animals.
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Stínové ceny v české ekonomice
Sieber, Martina ; Kislingerová, Eva (advisor) ; Soukup, Jindřich (referee) ; Vlček, Josef (referee)
The doctorial thesis is focused on shadow pricing. The aim is to describe as complex and full description of the problem as possible. Briefly said, Shadow prices are prices of goods which would take a place on the efficient market, if such a market with the commodity existed. In the case of consumption benefits they in fact present monetary value of the utility increment resulted from additional consumption. They are basic information input into any socioeconomic evaluation. Research of shadow prices is underdeveloped in the Czech Republic. With respect to the fact the thesis contents description of basic theoretical concepts as well as list of attainable methods for shadow prices derivation. Main variables determining shadow prices (under condition of WTP, WTA and Social Opportunity Costs concepts) are the existed society welfare and social preferences. From this perspective if clear and evident that there would not be appropriate to use shadow prices conducted abroad for evaluation in the Czech economy. Each state has its own level of welfare as well as specific social and ethical values widespread among citizens and so specific shadow prices as well. Not just shadow prices them self are not simply applicable for evaluation in each country. Similar problem we have to face, if we try to use the same methods of deriving shadow prices in different areas. That is why the thesis also serves critical analysis of attainable methods and their assessment. Based on the assessment is stated, what methods are more or less appropriate and under which condition in the Czech area. In principal should shadow prices reflect Social Opportunity Costs of input usage for evaluated changes and Willingness to Pay of the society for the outputs of evaluated changes (or alternatively Willingness to Accept) with no respect to the fact if the good (or output or input) is market good or nonmarket good. Even though we differentiate in the methodological level between market and nonmarket good the theoretical and conceptual background is the same. The background is rooted in the neoclassical economics. For the practical reasons as a analyst time and budget constrain it is not too efficient in evaluation of marketed goods always perform deep empirical market analysis from primary data even though it would be theoretically ideal and correct. Fortunately we are usually not forced to do it. In majority of cases we can follow LMST methodology of shadow prices and derive so called Conversion Factors for transformation of market prices to shadow prices. The Conversion factors are usually derived for wider group of goods which is sold in the similar market. Such values we call Sector Conversion Factors. A Shadow price of an individual unique good we than receive by its market price multiplication by most appropriate sector conversion factor. With respect to current Czech evaluation practice situation, when sector conversion factor are very often used but their estimates are more less based on very poor quality of underlying theory and very often without sufficient data background, the quantification of SCF in the theses could be viewed as quite significant contribution. With respect to their specific characteristics nonmarket good as safety (VSL), time, noise, etc. should be valued separately. And the thesis is offering at least methodological contributive guidelines regarding theoretical validity and relevance as well as assessment of their applicability under Czech condition. For better imagination there is collected sample of results of selected externality values for foreign countries.
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Fish Welfare in Aquaculture.
MORAVEC, Pavel
Welfare of fish in aquaculture is a review. This study is focused on full evaluation of the welfare. In the first part of the study is dedicated to the welfare expression and to the gradual historic development of the problems. In next parts, the study deals with the fish welfare, which has been rapidly developed recently. The fundamental question for the welfare of fish is disussed - if fish can feel pain and suffering. Next chapter turns attention to stress, which serves as one of the indicators for the welfare quality. The thesis sums basic ways of fish welfare measurement among which belongs, for example, a cortisol and glucose coefficient in fish blood, which is changing due to the size of stress factors. There are mentioned some different approaches to measuring the welfare. A large part of the thesis is devoted to the potential places of threat to welfare. There are described critical points in fish handling and transportation. This study also analyzes water quality, stocking density and killing fish. The last part is devoted to the welfare of fish in different systems. Welfare of fish is here observed in different areas such as sport fishing, aquaculture, fish in aquariums, scientific research and fish in open waters. The end of the thesis provides some suggestions for further scientific research into fish welfare.
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Animal hygine aspects in foothills area
ZEVLOVÁ, Eliška
The focus of following thesis is to evaluate selected aspects of animal hygine of livestock husbandry in term of welfare in foothills area. The study covers two private-owned farms in the same area, however with entirely different attitude to stock husbandry. Welfare itself is not easy to quantify and to mesure, but we can pass judgment on the over-all comfort of stock using folowing indicators: health condition, reproductive potential, production efficiency etc.. All above memtioned indicators consist of many aspects. The most important are, alimentation, diet, technology of stockmanship and stress. This thesis involves comparsion of animal welfare and its economical utilization and if the condionts of stock husbandry provided by farmers response welfare standarts . To summe up, the technology of free housing respect more the ethological demand of stock.
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Seniors' defination of the term "dignity"
CHUMLENOVÁ, Martina
My baccalaureate work deals with the interpretation and understanding of the concept of ``dignity{\crqq} by senior citizens. My research is focussed on the elderly living in homes for the aged. The objective of my work consists in monitoring the current evaluation of the above mentioned concept by senior citizens living in the Seniors Home Hvízdal and in the Seniors Home Máj, both based in České Budějovice, Czech Republic. The theoretical section of my work deals with the basic concepts related to old age, i. g. the biological and social, the psychological and spiritual aspects of old age. The issues of retirement planning, the concept of ageism, the relationship between a senior citizen and his or her family as well as between a senior citizen and society are discussed here. The theoretical section is also concerned with social care for the elderly, namely with homes for the aged, both in the general perspective and as related to the two aforementioned Homes for Senior Citizens Hvízdal and Máj. The last theoretical section includes the determination of the concept of human dignity and official documents related to human dignity protection. The practical section of my work is based on two hypotheses. Two working hypotheses have been outlined, both of which have been tested under the use of controlled questionnaires in both social care institutions. It has not been proved that the elderly living in these homes for senior citizens would evaluate the treatment of the staff as being in conflict with the clients´ dignity. The second hypothesis that most seniors do not know what the concept of ``dignity{\crqq} includes and represents has not been proved either. The research as outlined in the Abstract has served both for the purposes of my baccalaureate work and for the internal purposes and needs of the Seniors Home Hvízdal and the Seniors Home Máj.
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Detectionand assessment of noise loading during milking at milking shed.
KŮRKA, Jan
The work deals with the measurement of noise exposure on milking Alfa Laval revoling HBR, Agromilk Pelhřimov dovetail - trigon and milking robot Lely Astronaut A3. When measuring , it was found that the best in terms of noise level measurements published in milking robots with the runing of the feed wagon and measuring worst inside the cell with the milking robots.
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Ethological manifestation at the beef cows bred in the system without market milk production
VESELÁ, Jana
The aim of the work was evaluate on the dynamic of live performance at the beef cows in the system of breeding cows withour market milk production in the subnountain areas. The chosem method was a direct group observation within ten-minute intervals. The longest duration of pasture was in autumn 59.6 % of the day and the shortest in winter 30.8 % of the day. The activity of lying depended on standing and decreased from spring period 15.3 % of the day on 5.7 % of the day in winter period. The observation flows to the fact, that breeding of the livestock from welfare and adaptability herd of view is suitable in sub-mountain areas.
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