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Solution of the conflict between the representatives of executive power in a semi-presidential system: the case of Finland
Havlenová, Jitka ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the transfer of powers within the executive of the Finnish president to the Prime Minister. Its aim is to analyze the gradual change in distribution of powers which at the same time entails the transition from the semi-presidential system to parliamentarism. It also aims to find out what were the causes of these changes. The thesis should confirm that Finland can already be considered a pure parliamentary system. It focuses on the practical performance of foreign policy which is often a subject of disputes between the representatives of the executive. The aim is to find out whether the Finnish policy implemented within the European Union is at the level of domestic or foreign policy. The first part is devoted to the very concept of the semi-presidential system, its origin and different theoretical views of political scientists who have dealt with this issue. The following part deals with the characteristics of semi-presidential system in Finland and describes the process of changing the role of the president. The last chapter analyzes the constitutional amendments and the new constitution. It compares the powers assigned to the head of the state and to the Prime Minister according to the old constitution and the new one.
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President of the Czech Republic and International Treaties
Krčál, Adam ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (referee)
The Diploma Thesis deals with the President of the Republic and his/her relation to the International Treaties, to the Negotiation, the Approval and the Ratification. The work contains both international and national perspective of the problem. The thesis is a reflection of the ongoing expert debate, to which extent has the President of the Republic the constitutional right of decision-making autonomy in the field of International Treaties of the Czech Republic. The thesis analyses the current legal situation and presents up-to-date juridical opinions together with arguments from the political science.
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Popular vote in parliamentary systems: causes and effects of the implementation in selected European countries
Kuta, Martin ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee)
Popular vote of a president is a necessary condition of a presidential system. This thesis focuses on the popular vote of a president in parliamentary systems where the president is merely a formal head of state with limited powers. The case studies -- Finland and Slovakia -- will provide with possible causes and effects of an implementation of the popular vote in the political systems and their subsequent changes. Intra-executive conflicts as consequences of the split-up of powers between the president and the government will be studied. The main question of the thesis is if the implementation of the popular vote may change the type of the political system.
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Prezidentské primární volby ve Spojených státech amerických v roce 2008
Andrýsová, Lenka ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor)
Presidential primary elections could demonstrate current developments in the American society and contribute to better understanding of general elections in November 2008. Therefore, after theoretical introduction about primary elections as process, I describe and compare standpoints of front-runners to the most debated issues (Hillary Rodham Clinton, John McCain and Barack Obama, then partially John Edwards, Rudolph Guiliani, Mike Huckabee, Mitt Romney). As a result, new trends in American political parties could be identified. Moreover, this analysis could forecast main tensions during the general presidential election in November. Apart from issues, this thesis deals with race and gender question and ageism and effects and success of using new communication channels in candidates' political campaigns.
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