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Erosion control solutions on the boundary river basins in different projects land adjustment
HAKL, Filip
Erosion is a natural life process. But man its activities and accelerating erosion phenomena that threatens one of the most valuable components of the environment - soil, which is difficult to make up for hundreds and thousands of years. The Czech Republic is threatened by water erosion over the third and wind erosion, about one-tenth of the local soil. When we add to the volume of soil that are occupied by new buildings, it turns out that the soil relatively quickly disappearing. This work deals with the calculation and solution of water erosion in the village Protivec, using the universal equation USLE, the modified equation MUSLE and CN curves method. The resulting values are compared with the values of a land adjustment project, landscaping and erosion control measures are proposed.
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of common forms within the frame of comprehensive land adjustment
NAVRÁTILOVÁ, Nikola
The aim of my graduation thesis deals with problems of erosion and that is above all the water erosion which impends the pieces of arable lands almost on the half of the the Czech republic territory. That is why we should suggest convenient remedies that prevent the washing off the soil within the frame of comprehensive land adjustment. It will be assured one of the main objectives of the land adjustments by these remedies and it is the protection and fertilization of the soil fund. The work shows the summary of possible erosion protection remedies which are the part of the common plan that is integral element of the land adjustment project. The plan forms coming framework of the farming landscape structure and it is the form of scenic plan inside of the land adjustment. Therefore the land adjustments are the most significant instruments for the interest enforcement in the land formation and protection. There will be described the methods for an evaluation of erosion processes in my work where the selection depends on the purpose of the research. For the evaluation could be used empirical and simulation models. There will be used the most widespread empirical model in the world as well as in the Czech republic in this work and it is Wischmeier?s and Smith?s universal soil loss equation formulated in 1978 in the USA. For the application of this model was chosen cadastral land Slabčice in the South Bohemian region. There had been chosen the lands for the determination of the possible water erosion jeopardy after the research of the accessible information wher was made the calculation of the average long term soil loss of all explored lands. There will be propose erosion control remedies in the case of overrun of allowed soil loss by the water erosion which can have organizational, agricultural and technical type. The results obtained will be compared with comprehensive land adjustment Slabčice.
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Evaluation of a soil erosion in a project of KPU
HAŇKOVÁ, Kateřina
In the Czech Republic, about 50 per cent of agricultural land is affected by water erosion that adversely influences soil productivity and the environment. That´s why the goal of this work was an evaluation of soil erosion danger in an arbitrary area. And secondly, if high erosion danger found, there was a task to make a proposal of suitable erosion control measures. The chosen area is called Hosín, located northly close to České Budějovice. There were fifteen profiles found in the area which are most likely to be in a danger of increased water erosion. These fifteen profiles were proved by two different methods of soil erosion evaluation. The RUSLE method - revised universal soil loss equation, and SMODERP {--} a simulation model of overland flow and erosion processes. SMODERP method showed all the proved profiles beeing not in a high erosion danger. Which means no erosion control measures are needed. The result gained by the RUSLE method was: by more than one third of examined slopes the estimate average annual soil loss raises above the limits. In this case the erosion control measures are necessary. Four different possibilities were proposed, the final one was combination of two erosion control measures {--} mulching and using a vegetative stabilization while the soil is uncovered. This kind of control measure was found to be the best one because of its low financial costs and easy implementation. On the other hand this control measure doesn´t restrict the farmer´s choise of the crops kind to grow. An objective comparison of the different results gained of the two methods wasn´t possible because of different enter data.
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Universal meaning of growths the fast - growing poplars.
CHALOUPKA, Jiří
The aim of those thesis was an analysis of a off - producing function the fast - growing growths namely in the several standpoints. I deal with a prosecution of the fast - growing poplars in a theoretic part at first. Then I specifyed the three main functions the fast - growing timber species namely at an off - producing usage. It means a function ameliorative, sanitation, aesthetic, biological, produce and insulative here. Mostly I then attended to an water and windy erosion.
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