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Analysis of commercial properties in dairy herds.
POTUŽÁKOVÁ, Jitka
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate fertility and milk performance in dairy cows, predominantly Holstein cattle, due to technology used in the view of welfare animals. Monitoring was carried out on the farm AGROSPOL, Malý Bor a.s. from 2008 to 2010. Dairy cows were kept in the same technological conditions, with the same level of nutrition and treatment. Monitoring included 662 dairy cows of Bohemian Spotted Cattle (C), Holstein cattle (H1) and high proportion of crossbreeds of these cows (H2). Fertility was evaluated due to indicators of reproduction (first calving age, insemination interval, service period, interim) and in terms of milk performance there were measured indicators of milk production (lactation length, milk production, protein production, fat content, protein and lactose content). Statistically, significant differences were found in the length of insemination interval, service period length (P ? 0,01) and interim length (P ? 0,05). Dairy cows (C) reached markedly shorter period of the following indicators: insemination interval 70,6 days, service period 98,6 days and interim 395,9 days. There was not found a significant difference in length of these indicators among the groups of Holstein dairy cows. Lactation order did not influence the length of reproduction indicators. The influence of bull-father in terms of reproductive indicators was not proved. Comparison of milk production and protein production in dairy cows due to lactation order proved that cows in the first lactation had a lower yield of milk (8737,1 kg) than dairy cows in the following lactations (9669,3 ? 10209,3 kg), as well as protein production (kg). Dairy cows ?C? gave 9115,3 kg of milk in 305 days, dairy cows ?H1? 9664,1 kg and cows ?H2? 9511,0 kg of milk. These differences were not evaluated as statistically conclusive, as well as differences in content of milk elements among genotypes in fixed lactation norms. The influence of the individuality of a bull in milk and protein production was not proved. Significant differences were found in percentage of fat content (P ? 0,05), protein and lactose content (P ? 0,01) in milk of cow-daughters after particular bulls.
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Breeding Results of Bohemian Red Cattle in South Bohemia Region
VAŇKOVÁ, Kateřina
This work is focused on the evaluation of breeding Czech red cattle breeders working South Bohemian Region, guaranteed of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. This work describes the characteristics of the breed, its origin and the process of regeneration. The ongoing process began with the absorptive crossing of Czech Pied cattle with Czech red bulls, which led to the increase of female part of population over the number corresponding with the size of critically endangered breed. The situation in male part of population is less favourable with critical lack of bulls, which slows down the regeneration process. According to the exquisite assumption of meat production, but with worse results of milk efficiency, the breeding of cows without market milk production seems to be the best way. It is very important to keep of safe boundary of koeficient intensity of family breeding at potential descendants. Not even providing this process to be successful, the breeders Czech red cattle won{\crq}t get along without adequate subsidies, which should be offer to partial animals with verified genotype according to their category. Currently is the number of animals with genotype CC, which fall under the control of appointed department, 114 pcs.
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Evaluation of selected influences on performance of beef cattle
ZÍDKOVÁ, Jana
The aim of this Bachelor thesis was to compare meat breed cattle efficiency. For the comparison were chosen these breeds: Aberdeen Angus and Highland. Data about the breeds were finding on Branišov ecofarm and on Bořanovice ecofarm in the area of Šumava national park. Highland cattle breed - Scottish national cattle was imported to Czech Republic in 1991 from Scotland to mountain conditions of NP Šumava to Branišov farm. This breed is ranked among extensive meat breed of small constitutional type, it is also called ?hobby breed?. Aberdeen angus breed is ranked among most widespread meat breed in the world. It originates from North-East Scotland, where the meat performance cattle type was bred in early 18th century. Later it was crossbred with shorthorn breed. Aberdeen Angus is a breed of genetically hornless minor to medium body frame. At breeds the growth was valued by detection their live weight at birth, at the age of 120, 210 and 365 days. From detected data of suspense files basic statistic characteristics were evaluated (percent occurrence, arithmetic mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation). The average weight of HI breed calves at birth was 25 kg at bullocks and 20 kg at heifers. In 365 days the average weight of bullocks reached 301 kg and 264 kg at heifers. The average weight of AA breed calves at birth was 37 kg (bullocks) and 34 kg (heifers). In 365 days the average weight of bullocks reached 485 kg and 365 kg at heifers. Further there were ranking of reproductive indices and maternal qualities of cows. From observed results was evaluated father influence, birth sequence and calve month sequence depending on calves? weight. Father influence on calves? growth at AA breed wasn?t statistically significant. The highest live weight in 120, 210 and 365 days had AA calves at third calving. At HI breed was influence of calving sequence on claves live weight statistically insignificant. The highest live weight (120, 210 days) had the calves born in august at AA breed (175, 64 kg or 275, 27 kg) and at HI breed (at the age of 210 days 183, 33 kg). In term of economics is this stock raising without grants unprofitable. With grants the gain on VDJ amounts 6876 CZK at AA breed and 10 186 CZK at HI breed. The results proved, that for provision of profitable stock raising BTMP would the Aberdeen Angus heifers be calved at first at the age of 24 months, it has to be assured good fertility of cows, high additions of calves and also high longevity of cows.
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Evaluation of observed parameters of a beef herd.
CIMBURKOVÁ, Pavla
It has been observed beef breed herd of Aberdeen Angus cattle in the foothills area of Novohradské mountains in 1992 - 2007. The base of herd was consisted of 117 dams and 814 pieces of calves in total. The parameters of beef production of calves and the reproduction of dams were monitored. For the parameters of growth of calves were found significant effects of the year, the month of birth, sex, the order of calving, the method of reproduction and the sire.
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The assessment the performance and fertility of Czech Spotted cattle herds bred in submountain and mountain regions.
BUDINOVÁ, Dagmar
In mountain and submountain regions the cattle breeding participates in appearence of the landscape and its mainenance. The most common breed used in mountain and submountain regions is Czech Pied cattle. Czech Pied cattle shows very good pasture ability in these regions. I evaluated suitability of Czech Pied breed at the maximal bulk feed exploitation in the permanent grassland in Šumava region in my diploma work. Milk performance and fertility was evaluate in relation to rank of lactacion, the month of calve, the year of calve and genotype.
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Ethological manifestation at the beef cows bred in the system without market milk production
VESELÁ, Jana
The aim of the work was evaluate on the dynamic of live performance at the beef cows in the system of breeding cows withour market milk production in the subnountain areas. The chosem method was a direct group observation within ten-minute intervals. The longest duration of pasture was in autumn 59.6 % of the day and the shortest in winter 30.8 % of the day. The activity of lying depended on standing and decreased from spring period 15.3 % of the day on 5.7 % of the day in winter period. The observation flows to the fact, that breeding of the livestock from welfare and adaptability herd of view is suitable in sub-mountain areas.
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Analysis of the chosen effects affecting dairy cow´s reproduction
PROKŮPEK, Petr
Cow{\crq}s dairy reproduction and it{\crq}s level of efficiency are main topics of interest of our breeders. Constant downward trend of important reproduction indicators, often reaching critical values, is becoming main problem of many agricultural plants aligned to beef-raising. The higher attention to beef-raising is needed especially in the foothill areas and in regions with harder conditions (LFA areas). Beef-raising is not aimed to fulfil only a production, it also stands for unsubstituable reproduction functions. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate reproduction indicators in three different breedings in the five year range 2002-2006 (such as insemination interval, intersemination interval, servis cycle, insemination index, parturition interval and pregnancy percentage after first insemination) on the chosen dairycows. According the level the individual breedings were compared (Rychnov nad Malsi, Vlci Jamy, Tesov) testing the CESTR runt. In Rychnov nad Malsi, where the runt CESTR and HOLSTYN are breeded, the differences between these runt{\crq}s reproduction indicators were evaluated. The level of milk efficiency, the methods of beef-raising, month of calving and order of lactation were taken into account. The length of SP is unsatisfactory in all breedings. The average SP in the whole period under observation were in Rychnov nad Malsi 125,2 days (CESTR), in Vlci Jamy 123,5 days and in Tesov 125,7 days. Average length of parturition interval in the whole period of observation were in Rychnov nad Malsi 402 days, in Vlci Jamy 418 days and in Tesov 415 days. Also the very low percentage of in-calfing after first insemination was discovered in Rychnov nad Malsi and in Tesov (under 40%). It wasn{\crq}t proved the significant influence of the month of the cow{\crq}s calving and the influence of pasture to the length of period. The HOLSTYN breed proved that it is able to produce more milk under the same conditions, despite the fact that its achieved efficinecy of the milk production is average in Czech Republic, more over it shows worse results in reproduction (except insemination interval) compared to czech{\crq}s spotted cattle. Based on the count of calving per lifetime of cow it was proved the positive influence of grazing catlle on the longevity of cows compared to Czech republic{\crq}s average. Observed indicators of milk efficiency and cow{\crq}s reproduction system are in observed breedings significantly affected by breed, the level of sustenance and dairycow{\crq}s management.
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Ethological manifestation of bulls during fattening
ŽÁČEK, Pavel
The object of graduation theses was catch up the basic category of bull´s behaviour (food taking, resting, standing, movement). The bulls are stabled in free full grating system and they are here from start until the end of fattening with regard to racial differences among them. Average time of taking feed during whole fattening was 4.68 hours (19.4 %). Average time of caregory´s movement durinng whole fattening was 1.30 hours (5.4 %). Average time of resting was 13.41 hours (56.0 %). Average time of standing was 4.62 hours (19.2 %).
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