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Case Study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with total knee replacement
Benýšková, Veronika ; Maršáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hlavičková, Růžena (referee)
Autor: Veronika Benýšková Title: Case Study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with total knee replacement This bachelor thesis is focused on the issues and physiotherapeutic care of a patient after implantation of total knee replacement. Its general part informs about basic knowledge of knee, about the most common diseases and physiotherapeutical approaches which are being used for patiens with total knee replacement. Special part of this thesis describes case study of a patient with total knee replacement. This case study was worked out during special practice in ÚVN in Prague, Střešovice since 13th January 2011 to 3rd Ferbruary 2011.
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Case report patient after implantation of left total endoprosthesis knee
Mertlík, Jakub ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Hankovcová, Eva (referee)
Title: Case report patient after implantantion of left total endoprosthesis knee Objective: The aim of this thesis is the processing of case studies selected patients in countinous professional practice and become familiar with theoretical base implantation diagnosis of total knee arthroplasty. Abstract: This case study was performed during the period of 10.1. to 4. 2. 2011. This article is divided into a theoretical component and a practical component. The theoretical component consists of an anatomical description of the knee joint and its kinesiology. The issue of arthritis are described along with the complications of total knee replacement, their types, indications and contraindications. Also, surgical technique and possible complications are discussed as a reminder of basic anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of the knee joint. The practical component focuses on the aspects of rehabilitation in patients with total knee arthroplasty. The case report was completed on a patient with implanted total knee arthroplasty through initial analysis and a detailed proposal therapy rehabilitation treatment plan. In conclusion, the practical component is composed of final testing and evaluation of the therapy plan. Key words: total endoprosthesis, knee joint, physiotherapy, case report
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Case Study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with total hip arthroplasty
Buchtová, Michaela ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Hlavičková, Růžena (referee)
Title: Case Study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with total hip arthroplasty Summary: This bachelor's thesis deals with the therapeutic rehabilitation process in a patient with implantation of a total hip arthroplasty, which was made due to coxarthrosis. The general part deals with the anatomy and function of hip joint, coxarthrosis, provides general information about total hip arthroplasty and describes the possibilities of rehabilitation. In special part, in the form of casuistic of particular patient, is described therapeutic rehabilitation process. Finally, the effect of the therapy is evaluated. Key words: arthrosis, total arthroplasty, hip joint, rehabilitation
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Kasuistic of the patient with total knee repalacement on the left side
Lazarová, Marie ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Hankovcová, Eva (referee)
Title: Kasuistic of the patient with total knee replacement on the left side Summary: This study focuses on the kazuistic of the patient with total knee replacement on the left side. It consists of two sections - a general part and a specialized part. The general part discusses the composition of the knee joint, types of knee replacements, indications for surgery including knee osteoarthritis which is the most frequent reason and common physiotherapeutic approaches during the post-operative period. The specialized part forms the main part of this study. It describes the process of physiotherapeutic patient care after a total knee joint replacement surgery and an evaluation of the therapy's effect. Key words: knee joint, total replacement, knee osteoarthritis, physiotherapy, rehabilitation plan
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Research study of total endoprosthesis of temporomandibular joint
Horňas, Jan ; Borák, Libor (referee) ; Marcián, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with total joint replacements (TJR) applied for replacement of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). In the thesis, research study of solutions system is done for anatomy of TMJ, mandible and masticatory muscles. Main producers and ma-terials for manufacturing TJR is mentioned furthermore. Finally, stress strain analysis for TJR is done by computing modeling using finite element method on the basis of re-search study.
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Design and Development of Experimental Device for Testing the TEP Acetabula and Wear Identification using Optical Method
Houfek, Martin ; Kratochvíl, Ctirad (referee) ; Hortel, Milan (referee) ; Hlaváčková, Milada (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
Today is the implantation of joint replacements, although a radical, but very functional restoration frequent way ill joint. The implants are placed high demands on their biocompatible and long-term function, which is directly related to wear of joint replacements in the human body. Therefore, analysis of the complex behavior of the implant in the human body is a fundamental problem of biomechanics of implants. This issue is dedicated, this dissertation thesis. Dissertation thesis deals with the solution design and development of experimental device for testing the TEP acetabula and wear identification using optical method. The proposed device allows the joint burden hole TEP physiological manner, but by working with the acetabulum burdened by Power resultant joint axis passes through the hole. The physiological loading of articular wells and evaluating the size of the loss of polyethylene is currently intensively addressed. The results of this study may in the near future, serving as information for assessing the conduct of wear prosthetic hip joint in vivo. The work is devoted to solving the problem of the size required to detect the loss of polyethylene for joint replacement arthroplasty: Design and development of experimental equipment for testing the acetabulum of the hip joint arthroplasty. Identify wear using optical methods. Design and development of experimental equipment was made in the system Inventor Professional 2010 at the level of 3D modeling. Great attention was paid to the design fit into the acetabulum TEP testing machines and gripping the acetabulum into an optical device. Management options were tested with combinations of experimental equipment engines. Suggestions were made and then tests for fixing the acetabulum into an optical device. Has the possibility of depth analysis and identification of wear joined with innovative solutions to evaluate the loss of polyethylene acetabulum arthroplasty. Identification of abrasion (loss of polyethylene) joint arthroplasty holes were carried out experimental measurements using an optical holographic interferometry. The comprehensive analysis of the results of experimental measurement of the loss of polyethylene shows that this method can identify both the size but also an area where there is even to small changes in the surface, which depend on the abrasion. One can also say that using this method we are able to affect the will or displacements that affect the size of the loss of polyethylene in joint arthroplasty hole. Despite the number of known and lessons learned arising from the results of solving the problem of design and development of experimental equipment for testing the acetabulum and hip arthroplasty wear identification using optical methods, this work is that the initial study to identify problematics wear of joint replacements. Complete resolution of this issue is beyond the scope of one doctoral thesis.
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Biomechanical studies carpometacarpal (CMC) joint thumb
Podsedník, Karel ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This master thesis deals with stress-strain analysis of carpometacarpal (CMC) thumb joint. It is a preliminary study, which was not analysed on BUT Mechanical and biomechanical institute yet. There is a comparative stress-strain analysis of CMC with applied total endoprosthesis and physiological condition. The model of geometry was created based on CT images and processed with using software Catia and Solidworks. The problem was solved in numerical FEM (finite element method) in software Ansys 13.0
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Foreknowledge of patients with total hip replacement at orthopedic department of Jinřichův Hradec hospital a.s.
DOUDOVÁ, Klára
Basic theoretical background: Because this thesis mainly deals with the awareness of clients, it was necessary in the beginning to mention the importance of the communication in a medical environment. Communication takes place between two or more people. During communication, people communicate necessary information, feelings, attitudes, talking about relationships and moods. There are several communication rules that one should follow, however, it depends on the individual, whether follow it or not. Communication skills can be developed gradually for they are important to us and in our personal lives. If a person loses the ability to communicate, it can lead to danger to his relationships with others. For healthcare professionals, it is very important social skill ( Mikuláštík 2003). Main aim of the thesis: To verify the information rate of clients in preoperative phase of total hip arthroplasty and in postoperative care. Discover also whether patients after total endoprosthesis have possibility of aftercare (rehabilitation, spa treatment). From these targets were developed following questions : In what areas are the clients in preoperative stage informed? How are clients reporting in a post-operative care ? What options of aftercare patients after total endoprosthesis have? Methodology: For the research was used the qualitative survey data collection. A qualitative investigation was approved by head nurse of the hospital, where the research has been done. The interviews was realized at home of clients. Survey was conducted through semi-structured interviews, interviews were anonymous. The data were collected in March 2015 in the set of seven respondents. Despite the fact that interviews were realized in the clients' home, we needed approval for the research from the head nurse. Especially because the subsequent care for patients after total prosthesis was also investigated. It was therefore important to identify initially the applicable patients in the hospital and up to a certain time after the surgery to interview them.
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Epidural catheter for orthopedic wards - the benefits for patients and nurses?
MAŠÁTOVÁ, Milada
Epidural analgesia causes a temporary cessation of nerve conduction via administration of low concentration of local anaesthesia, or opioid, into epidural space. The resulting temporary discontinuation of nerve conduction is called central neuroaxial anaesthesia and it facilitates the process of surgical intervention. An epidural catheter is usually inserted during epidural desensitisation. It helps to control the amount of administered anaesthesia and hence to respond to surgery progress, but it also enables to keep the catheter within the epidural space for the following postoperative analgesia, which will promote timely postoperative rehabilitation and pain management.The research project was conducted on basis of quantitative and qualitative investigation. The quantitative research was performed via questionnaires directed at the nursing staff, and the qualitative research took form of semi-structured interviews with patients. The quantitative investigation was conducted in fourteen health care facilities in the Czech Republic. Respondents of the quantitative research were nurses working in orthopaedic departments, multidisciplinary ICU or ARO (Anaesthesiology Resuscitation Dept.), who provided care to patients after TKR or THR with an epidural catheter insitu. Qualitative research respondents were patients hospitalised in orthopaedic departments for TKR or THR, with epidural catheter insitu and who agreed to participate at the interview. Quantitative research data were processed in Excel 2010 and presented in graphs, frequency and contingency tables, whereas the qualitative research data were processed using charts of the Smart Art program. After the agreement with the management of health care facilities, this dissertation will promote education and aid situation improvement. The Standard of Nursing Care Assisting a Patient with Epidural Catheter during Insertion and Care will be an outcome of this project. Moreover, we will design a patient information booklet and a quality of care indicator that will focus on monitoring of complications occurrence such as infections in patients with epidural catheter. The findings may help to design a training course specialised in nursing care provision to those patients and also to provide basis for further research.
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The importance of regular fitness activities before planned orthopedic surgery
KOTLABOVÁ, Sandra
The bachelor thesis deals with the influence of regular fitness activities before the scheduled orthopedic surgery. The thesis discusses the use of special methods of physiotherapy and physical therapy to help patients prepare for their surgery and post-operative rehabilitation. The most common scheduled orthopedic surgery in the Czech Republic is a total hip joint prosthesis, it is applied up to 10 000 refunds anually. The total hip joint prosthesis is followed by a less frequent knee joint prosthesis. Implementation of any suitably chosen fitness activity before the surgery may be very useful and desirable for the patient.The current knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of bearing joints of the lower limb - knee and hip is summarized in the theoretical part of the thesis. This part also describes the joint compensation in detail. After that, there is mentioned the development of compensations in the course of history, as well as the different types of prosthesis and inserted components. Last but not least, there are described surgical approaches of implantation of the compensation. The theoretical part also includes appropriate physiotherapeutic procedures and methods of physical therapy that can be applied in a pre-operative period. The aim of this thesis is to explore whether regular fitness activities applied before the surgery have an impact on the course of post-operative rehabilitation. The qualitative research method was used to achieve the objectives in the practical part. The collect the data there were used case reports, interview, observation and photographic documentation. Three patients participated in the research, all diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the joint, two of them of the hip joint and one of them of the knee joint. Not a single one of those patients was cured by the conservative treatment, so they all were recommended for surgical treatment consisting of the replacement of the damaged joint. At the first meeting the medical history and the kinesiological analysis were taken. After evaluating the input data, patients were acquainted with therapeutic method. The therapy continued for one month, three times a week. After ending the therapy, the output kinesiology analysis was taken. Each of the patients told her subjective opinion about the course of the therapy and the changes experienced after treatment. All data were recorded and subsequently evaluated. During the therapy local findings were threated at the first place. Specifically the limited joint mobility, swelling of soft tissues around the joints and shortened or weakened muscles. They were used sensomotor techniques that are suitable for correction of flat foot or hallux valgus. The stabilization techniques PNF and activation HSS were used to strengthen the entire trunk and to restore the stabilizing function of the diaphragm. This was followed by the strengthening of the upper limbs to prepare them for future walking on crutches. The last point after the treatment of local findings was the setting of the joint in proper movement stereotype. When the therapy was finished, patients reported a mild pain relief and greater stability of their limb and the entire body. The collected data show also an improvement of the muscle strength of damaged joints for at least half a degree The indicator of the progress is the comparison of the goniometric examination before and after the therapy. The joint mobility was incresed. Surgical procedures were carried out without any complications and subsequent rehabilitation was with no problem for our patiens.
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