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Measuring methods of surface contamination with radioactive substance in the nuclear power plant Temelin
PAPAN, Juraj
Monitoring of the occurrence and scope of surface contamination is performed by the Radiation Protection department in order to adopt adequate measures for the protection of persons from unwanted contamination and to inspect observation of limits for surface contamination and for items taken outside the controlled area. The chapter containing results and collected data includes a definition of the measured parameter and it stresses the surface contamination as a major health risk factor, which is demonstrated by conversion of surface contamination values into absorbed doses in the exposed body organs. This is followed by the principles, issues and factors affecting detection of ionizing radiation, particularly the surface activity, which is used to express the extent of surface contamination. The issues of detection are followed by a description of scope and principle of monitoring implementation within which the individual measurements are performed, taking into account the reference levels for specific measurements. The individual measuring procedures are accompanied with descriptions of their use. Apart from a summary description of the implementation of surface contamination monitoring in the nuclear power plant Temelín, one of the objectives of the thesis was the analysis of errors introduced into the measurement process by persons performing the measurements. The main objective of the thesis was to confirm the hypothesis that measures adopted by the Radiation Protection department, based on results from working measurements for the protection of workers who get into contact with radioactivity in form of surface contamination, are sufficient and that the limits for surface contamination of items taken outside the controlled area are not exceeded.
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Využití fytoterapie v ekologickém chovu zvířat
Pásler, Adam
Phytotherapy or herbalismus is a alternative treatment of diseases of the use of synthetic drugs. The active ingredients of selected plants are scientifically and empirically proven effects on infectious and non-infectious diseases in humans and animals. At first this thesis deals with veterinary medicine in organic animal husbandry, legislation governing this issue and various alternative therapeutic methods. Next part deals with the herbal medicine in detail. There is explained the basic concepts of herbalism and biochemical composition of active plant substances. The main section of work is a collection of scientific papers dealing with the effect of phytotherapy on selected diseases of livestock, and a description of the most commonly used herbs. Final part of thesis mentions the available herbal products for animals.
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Health hazards perception of intravenous application of psychoactive drugs in addicted group
PROKŠOVÁ, Michaela
The addiction psychoactive substances currently represents a major problem. The number of users of such substances has been increasing. The intravenous application of psychoactive substances is associated with many health risks. Transmission and spreading of infection is associated mainly with frequent sharing and use of needles, syringes and other instruments among the users. In recent years the spreading of hepatitides (particularly VHC) has been reported as one of serious consequences of addiction to psychoactive substances, particularly in case of intravenous application. Protection against the spreading of diseases consist mainly in the prevention. The objective of the thesis is to verify whether the people addicted to psychoactive substances are aware of risks of transmission and spreading of infectious diseases (particularly VHC) as a result of intravenous application. The research was conducted on a group of drug addicts intercepted in the network of contact center and on a group of drug addicts in a therapeutic program of a psychiatric facility. I have used the method of inquiry in the form of questionnaires. In the thesis I set five hypotheses. The first, the third and the fifth hypotheses have been confirmed. The second and the fourth hypotheses have not been confirmed. The results of the research may be used by facilities providing low-threshold services as a part of secondary and tertiary prevention and harm reduction. It may also serve as source of information for workers dealing with anti-drug issues.
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Functional foods in human nutrition
ZEVLOVÁ, Veronika
Bachelor thesis deals with functional food and their role in human nutrition. The history of functional food, their characteristics, components, evaluation of individual species and the impact on the health of the consumer is described here. A lot of researches are focused on the topic of functional food, but no legally definition have been established yet. Even in the Czech Republic or the EU. Only the certain designations are used, which have a small deviations in different countries. Functional foods can be formed in different ways. It´s the elimination of certain harmful substances, a modification, but the most commonly used method is to add some substance to food. These substances may have various origins. The most commonly used are probiotics and prebiotics, antioxidants, anticarcinogens, fiber and many more. As the types of functional food there are mentioned cereals and products made from them, as well as meat and meat products, fruit and vegetables, vegetable fats, foods from stevia and very important probiotic food. Then the study focuses on the behavior of these types of food in prevention of civilization diseases, namely diabetes, obesity, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the Alzheimer´s disease. Subsequently, this section deals with the importance of functional food for particular population groups. Attention is given to children, the elderly, pregnant women and athletes.
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Health and Social Aspects of the Abuse of Psychoactive Substances by Pregnant Women and Mothers with Children in Therapeutic Community Karlov
VÁCHOVÁ, Petra
This thesis deals with a specific group of pregnant women and mothers abusing addictive substances. It focuses in detail on the effects of drugs on a mother and her fetus during pregnancy. The social aspects of this issue are targeted as well. Another area of my interest are the specifics of treating those women as described in the theoretic section of my thesis together with the basic terms and aspects of the drug abuse topic. The practical section is focused on a qualitative research that aims to map the health and social aspects of abuse of psychoactive substances by a specific group of pregnant women and mothers with children in Therapeutic Community Karlov. The data was collected using the qualitative method, the technique of semi-structured interviews that were audio-recorded and then processed. I expect my thesis to be quite useful as there are only few studies targeting this specific topic. I suppose it could serve as basis for further education of professionals in the field of antidrug services, employees of contact centers, social workers and therapists etc.
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The comparison of winter and spring wheat quality
UHLÍKOVÁ, Jindřiška
The theme of this Bachelor's thesis is to compare the grain quality of winter and spring wheat varieties. There were a total of 16 selected varieties, 12 of winter- and 4 of spring. The experiment was conducted on the grounds of the South Bohemian University in Ceske Budejovice. The botanic characterization of wheat, the chemist of wheat grain and the quality parameters used for examination are mentioned in the introductury part . The first part of the experiment was focused on the control during the growth, the second part documents the analysis of examined samples (mass per hectolitre, N-substances, gluten, Zeleny test, falling number).
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Optimization of methods for evaluation of antimicrobial activity of selected active matters against chosen spectrum of bacterial pathogens
BRZÁKOVÁ, Michaela
The bachelor thesis deals with optimalization of selected methods (e.g. evaluation of bacterial suspension concentration, Resazurin antibacterial assay) needed for evaluation of active substances antibacterial activity against pathogens Pectobacterium carotovorum, Pseudomonas syringae and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Literature review contains information about potato tubers proteins, especially proteins with antibacterial activities, as well as a brief overview of mechanisms of action of plant defense system against pathogenic microorganisms and the effect of antimicrobial substances on bacterial pathogens. The experimental part deals with optimalization of methods needed for evaluation of antibacterial activities of selected substances. Optimized were methods of McFarland Turbidity Standards, Most-probable number method and Resazurin antibacterial assay. It was found that increase of optical density, measured by spectrometer at 620 nm, is in direct correlation with increase of bacterial suspension concentration (CFU/ml). It was identified proteins of patatin complex and protease inhibitors by using SDS-PAGE method to evaluated potato tuber proteins of variety Bella and Westamyl and also changes of molar mass of the patatin proteins in relation of their modification were evaluated. Antimicrobial activity of these proteins was verified by resazurin antibacterial assay and ability of modified proteins of cultivars Bella and Westamyl in higher concentration (10 mg/ml) to inhibit growth of bacteria Pseudomonas syringae.
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Disorders of mineral metabolism in cattle
KADLECOVÁ, Lenka
My Bachelor thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The goal of the theoretical part is to elaborate the bibliography dealing with significant production diseases of cattle with emphasis on the disorders of the metabolism of mineral substances especially of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. The bibliography contains a description of the symptoms, therapies and the prevention of particular diseases. The practical part of my Bachelor thesis includes two areas of findings. The first part focuses on the intake of the minerals substances in question contained in food and mineral supplements in dairy cows on the farm Horní Staňkov. The second part follows the contents of mineral substances and alkaline phosphatase in the blood plasma and urine of dairy cows. Based on the examination of blood plasma and urine an overview of the level of saturation with macroelements in dairy cows was made.
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