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Measuring phonological awareness – blend phoneme test in the beginning of schooling: an comparison of classical test theory and item response theory
Gorčíková, M. ; Šafr, Jiří
The main purpose of this paper is to show dis/advantages of two approaches classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) to assess the level of diagnostic tools for evaluating phonemic awareness among first-grade students using longitudinal survey of children during the first grade of primary school (25 schools in Prague and Central Bohemia, 439 pupils). Phonemic awareness (FA) was measured by the task blend phonemes into syllables and words. The advantage of IRT compared to CTT is primarily a concept of independence of the test items. The probability of a response is dependent on the level of latent ability and characteristics of items. So if we know the characteristic of items parameter (difficulty) it could be estimated from the pupil´s responses the level of language skill for diagnostics. The results showed the need for blend phoneme test modifications (in particular for the end of the first grade) so as to adequately measure the high growth of FA ability levels during the first grade.
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A nursing issue: peripheral venous catheter
TOMÁNKOVÁ NOVÁKOVÁ, Monika
Peripheral venous catheter is used to access the venous system. It is one of the most commonly used invasive procedures in health care facilities. This procedure falls within the competence and daily tasks of nurses. Therefore this type of nursing care is susceptible to risk of proceeding routinely which might result in conscious or unconscious errors. Peripheral venous catheter needs to be introduced into the patient's vein in the following cases: planned parenteral nutrition, infusion or transfusion therapy, application of intravascular medication or contrast media, rehydration, blood sampling (which can be performed immediately after introducing the peripheral venous catheter and before administrating medication) and also during an emergency care for critically ill (such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation). Nurses should be as knowledgeable as possible about this issue so that the peripheral venous catheter can be introduced well and fulfil its purpose. It is important to ensure that nurses obtain all the necessary information about their patients before inserting the catheter and that they are able to properly inform the patients about the procedure and to communicate with them. Next, nurses should be familiar with the correct procedure for inserting catheters, they should be informed about possible contraindications and know how to choose the correct type of catheter as well as where to place it. Furthermore, nurses should care for this vascular access correctly and provide the patient with enough information about taking care of the catheter after the procedure. Finally, nurses should be aware of their own potential errors and also of possible complications. Therefore they should employ aseptic technique so that they can eliminate nosocomial infections. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part focuses on the history of peripheral venous catheters and their types, indications and contraindications, necessary equipment, nursing care, complications, etc. The empirical part consists of a research. The aim of the thesis was to map the use of peripheral venous catheters in hospitals as well as to identify factors that may lead to problems among the patients with peripheral venous catheters. Four research questions were assigned to these aims. 1. What is the procedure prior to inserting a peripheral venous catheter? 2. What are the standards of caring for patients with an inserted peripheral venous catheter? 3. In which steps of caring for peripheral venous catheters do the nurses lack knowledge? What equipment do the nurses prepare in order to insert a peripheral venous catheter? The Bachelor's thesis was conducted using a qualitative research survey. The methods of collecting data included semi-structured interviews and participant observations. The research was carried out only in one hospital ward and it was anonymous. First, the data were collected by means of a semi-structured interview. The nurses were asked 14 questions (see Appendix 8). During this interview, several more subquestions were added. The results of the interviews were then grouped into several categories for the sake of clarity. The second method of collecting data was participant observation. The observed facts were recorded into an observation sheet (see Appendix 9). The same nurses who were interviewed were also observed. This Bachelor's thesis has been written in order to provide a basic overview of the peripheral venous catheters. It could be used as an information source for more experienced as well as novice nurses. The practical output of this Bachelor's thesis is a nursing care standard concerning peripheral venous catheters. This standard was missing in the hospital ward and could help the nurses to take care of these vascular accesses, to proceed correctly and eliminate possible errors (see Appendix10).
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The role of nurses and their impact on the care of patients with total hip arthroplasty.
SLABÁKOVÁ, Květoslava
Total hip replacement is one of the most extensively and highly effective operating methods in orthopaedics. The patients are brought back the self-sufficiency, life without the pain and noticeably motion restriction. Irreplaceable function here is a role of the nurse, who helps the patient to return back to his common life...The aim of this work was to find out, how the patients feel the role of the nurse and its influence to given nursing care before and after the total hip replacement as the less fulfilled. There were following research questions set: How the patients feel the role of the nurse before and after the total hip replacement? How the patients before and after the total hip replacement feel the interpretation of the nurse roles? How the patients before and after the total hip replacement feel the role of the nurse and its influence to given nursing care. Which of the nurse roles are felt by the patient as the unsatisfactory in postoperative care? The patients before and after the total hip replacement feel through the everyday nurse activities the nurse in her role of the caregiver and education giving person, following the nurse vindicator and the nurse bearer of changes. The patients feel the care thanks these roles as a quality, holistic and continual. Nevertheless was the role of the education giving named as the least fulfilled. In connection with these research results was created a manual, a Guide book for the patients before and after the total hip replacement. This Guide book was given to testing purposes. This Guide book was appreciated by the patients very positive despite a large amount of information, which were surprising for many of them. We gained some data, which gave the impulse to complete the information in the Guide.The created Guide book can´t replace the effective communication of the patient with the medical staff, which could be always the most suitable "source" of information.
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Patients satisfaction with the provided services. An important indicator of the quality of health care facilities.
MALANÍKOVÁ, Jana
My master's thesis which topic is "Satisfaction of patients with the services provided. An important indicator of quality of medical equipment " is mainly focused on satisfaction of patients with the services provided in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. Furthermore, the mapping focused on overall satisfaction with care in the already mentioned Hospital České Budějovice and on exploring whether patients evaluate the quality of information provided by a medical doctor in this hospital affirmatively and whether they are satisfied with care of local nurses. The satisfaction of patients is an important indicator of the quality of care provided, which has an impact on their status of basic human needs. One main purpose was determined: Monitoring the satisfaction of patients with the services provided in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. and this purpose was fulfilled. Quantitative research was executed, to its realization the interview method was used. By means of the technique of standardized anonymous questionnaires on the basis of the above-mentioned purpose,the 3 following hypothesis were verified: 1) Patients are satisfied with the overall care in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. 2) Interviewed patients evaluate the quality of information provided by a medical doctor in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. affirmatively 3) Interviewed patients are satisfied with the care of nurses in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. I processed the data to confirm or refute the pre-established hypotheses. The evaluation of the data was carried out using statistical nonparametric methods, Chi-square test and the chosen level of significance of p=0.05. The results of the research have been clearly processed into the tables and graphs. The program Microsoft Office Excel 2010 was used to process the results.
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Security and stability networking testing in cloud computing
Efimov, Igor ; Havránek, Martin (advisor) ; Ladislav, Ladislav (referee)
The purpose of this dissertation work involves creation and automation of my own cloud security and stability testing techniques.
The basis of this project is to explore and outline the virtual environment protection level in front of different types of security and stability networking attacks.
Theoretical part of this paper consists of concepts and, together with their definitions and reference to relevant research literature, science related publications and online sources that best describes testing methodology of cloud computing, focused on security and virtualization.
The practical part of the thesis demonstrate an understanding of theories and concepts that been studied. Based on the obtained research results, have been developed various
automation tests that are going to be run on virtual environment in order to test their stability.
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The effect of the operator on the accuracy of the estimates of lean meat share in pigs
Jiravová, Renata ; Šprysl, Michal (advisor) ; Libor , Libor (referee)
The aim of the study followed the determination of operator error, ie repeatability, or influence of the measuring point on the accuracy of the estimate of lean meat share (LMP). It was a FOM-SFK instrument measured at prescribed locations the backfat thickness, muscle depth, and thus their LMP in their carcass realization in SEUROP system. For this purpose a total of 71 hybrid pigs (Dan-Bred) were measured at the Velvary slaughterhouse. In order to determine the error from incorrectly determined place of measurement, the following six classification insertions were done per one animal, thus 1. 2nd -- 3rd last rib 7 cm off the midline (right point), 2. 2nd -- 3rd last rib 7 cm off the midline (repeat in the same hole), 3. 2nd -- 3rd last rib 1 cm caudal to the right point, 4. 2nd -- 3rd last rib 1 cm cranial to the right point, 5. 3rd -- 4th last rib 1 cm medial to the right point, 6. 1st --2nd last rib 1 cm lateral to the right point. Measurements were performed on the carcass that insertion 2 should be identical with insertion 1, insertions 3 and 4 were moved 1 cm off insertion 1 in the cranial or caudal direction and insertions 5 and 6 were moved by 1 rib from insertion 1 in the cranial or caudal direction respectively. Classification was held by FOM instrument, for further comparison also by ZP method. For the above classifications following regression equations were used. For: - FOM y= 81,8909+0,2006*M+14,1911*ln S, kde M=MLLT depth, S =backfat thickness, - ZP y= 76,6722--1,0485*M+0,00794*M2--0,002884*S2+9,0151*ln (M/S), kde M = MLLT depth, S= backfat thickness. Calculation and comparison of the results was performed by statistical program SAS Propriety Software Release 6.04, differences were tested by analysis of variance. Based on the results we can say that a given hypothesis was confirmed. Also, in the realization of slaughter pigs in SEUROP system can be stated that - by invasive technique FOM - precise LMP determination of the carcass is a function of the need for precise determination of the puncture site of operator, - accuracy of the backfat thickness as well as LMP estimate is affected by repeated punctures, - more reliably is measured the backfat thickness with repeated injection than the muscle depth due to its possible deformation, - inaccuracy of repeated measurements (repeatability) will not significantly affect the carcass classification into classes at the slaughterhouse; any errors will occur to the detriment of the supplier, - the injection shift 1 rib cranially respectively caudally affect the overall carcass classification more than shift the injection 1 cm medially or laterally away from the spine, - in the case of an unsuccessful measurement the best is to repeat the puncture or the second puncture shift 1 cm caudal or repeat puncture between the 2nd and the 3rd thoracic vertebra 1 cm towards the spine, - non-invasive technique ZP, compared to FOM, underestimates the LMP estimate by about 1,4%.
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Evaluation of selected properties of mineral fibers-based board, including the design of suitable purposes of its application
Sýkora, Radim ; Böhm, Martin (advisor) ; Múčka, Martin (referee)
This thesis evaluates properties of board based on mineral fibers. In first part of the thesis is conducted analysis of the literature, where are described materials based on basalt fibers. Here is also explained production of basalt fiber and its practical applications. Sandwich materials and materials with great fire resistance based on wood are also looked into. Following part describes options of aplication of materials with great fire resistance and mechanical a physical properties of materials based on wood.
Second part of the thesis lays out methodical approach to individual performed mechanical and physical tests. Characteristic of examined material is included. The last part deals with test results, comparing results with other selected materials, debating results and proposing possible applications of examined basalt board. With use of found data is evaluated suitability of the material for use for construction of sandwich panel.
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Formation of yield and dry matter with genetic resources of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)
Slowiaczek, Lukáš ; Hnilička, František (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis with the topic: Formation of yield and dry matter with genetic resources of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) was worked out at the Department of botanics and plant physiology, Faculty of agrobiology, food and natural resources ČZU in Prague. The purpose of this thesis was to determine genotype and ontogenetic differences in amount of yield, production of dry mass, and value of growth-analytic characteristics in certain species of opium poppy. Diploma thesis was based on the fact that most of the studies about opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) are focused on the content of alkaloids and other substances present in poppy seeds. Due to this facts, it is necessary to describe the genotypes of poppy plants and their genetic resources from the physiological point of view.
Following species of opium poppy were chosen for the experiment: Akvarel, Albín, Buddha, Florian, Korneuburger Weisser, Lazur, Major, Marianne, Opál, Postomi, Sokol, Tatranský. These species were chosen according to their content of alkaloids, especially morfine very low content, low content, medium content and high content of morfine. All of the tested genotypes are tested as object of study of genetic poppy resources. Seeds were supplied by GB Oseva Pro s.r.o., o.z. VÚO Opava and company Český mák.
Field experiments were established at the research laboratory FAPPZ ČZU in Prague, in Červený Újezd. This location is in Prague-West division, in area of Middle Bohemia. The altitude of this location is 401 metres above the sea level. The size of the field for testing was 2 m2. The experiment was based in 4 repetitions by the method of Latin square. Winter wheat was used as the preceding crop. Opium poppy was planted according to agrotechnical principles of planting.
Content of dry mass in individual plant organs was measured in certain ontogenetic stages of opium poppy (35, 45, 49, 52, 54, 62, 81 BBCH). Size of leaf area was assessed by the image analysis WinDias. Yield of seeds was assessed as well. Growth-analytic characteristics were calculated from the values of wieght of dry mass and size of leaf area.
The results confirmed that the size of plants is influenced by its ontogeny and also by its species. The results also confirm, that the height of plants is not influenced by the content of morfine. Connection between the colour of seeds and height of plant was not confirmed either. Increase in weight of above-ground biomass depending on ontogenetic stage and influence of plant species was confirmed. There are differences in production of yield in species of poppy with different contents of morfine because the average weight of yield in species with very low content of morfine was 112,36 g, in species with low content of morfine 110,41 g, in species with middle content of morfine 12167 g and in species with high content of morfine 123,16 g. It was approved that ontogeny of plants influences the leaf area index (LAI) as it increases until blooming and then it decreases as a result of senescence and falling off the old leaves. Differences in leaf area index were detected among the species of opium poppy, depending on the content of morfine. It was detected that crop growth rate (CGR), relative crop growth rate (Rw) and relative growth rate of assimilation area (RA) are influenced by the ontogeny of plants. It was detected that species with high content of morfine in poppy seeds (Buddha, Postomi, Lazur) and species with white seeds Sokol and Albín have lower yield than species with middle content of morfine.
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UI Specification aplication for shift records.
Franc, David ; Pavlíček, Josef (advisor) ; Nielsen, Jan (referee)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to create a UI Specification of a design for a shift planning application which also keeps records of shifts. The user interface of this application is particularly designed for managers and for their employees.
The first part of this thesis outlines the theory regarding a development of the user interface and the UI Specification. Moreover, this part depicts students experiences of shift planning in various job positions.
The second part of this work describes the process of developing the UI specification, especially, the motivation, goals and personals. Furthermore, various application designs are analysed regarding the use cases and scripts of each solution. Finally, the testing of the most suitable design is depicted and evaluated.
The concluding part of this thesis consists of an evaluation of the whole thesis and the final summary.
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Influence of texture of briquettes from biomass to their mechanical properties
Černá, Iva ; Pecen, Josef (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
With the rising amount of AD technology utilizers, the issue how to storage, such liquid
material, which digestate is. In recent time, there are some other ways to utilize it, except
fertilizing with liquor, liquid part of digestate. Digestate can be dried and pressed into
briquette or pelleted form. In briquette form is important to understand relations between
properties of individual components because one property can influence another one, which
constituting texture of the material and its reprocessing into the final form of the product.
Thus this study was conducted, to find and/or quantify the relation between the texture of
biomass briquettes and their durability and strength of shape during manipulation, storage
and use. Basic hypothesis of this work is based on open presumption that briquette texture is
dependent on many parameters. Some of those parameters were tested. Namely, composition
of matter, physical properties of digestate briquettes, durability and hardness, size analysis
and other. Digestate has approved as good material for compression with high content of
nutrients. The rate of abrasion varied 7-12% at the beginning decreasing to 3-5%. Shore
testing showed results predicating relation between particle size and hardness. Sieve and
image analysis then showed range of particles ranging size 0.01 mm from 99.5% and 10 mm
from 99.7%, most of them with needle-like shapes. This study suggested the method that
allows analysing particle size distribution in sample and describes other briquette properties,
which can be useful for next research and commercial purposes.
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