|
Evaluation of growth and fertility in chosen columnar apple-tree varieties
Brázdová, Ludmila ; Zíka, Lukáš (advisor) ; Súkeníková, Tereza (referee)
This paper deals with the evaluation of growth and fertility in selected apple varieties. I will discuss the range of columnar apple trees, which represent a further step in the development of growing shapes. Eleven different varieties grafted onto two different rootstocks was assessed. Planting was establish in the spring of 2013, the clamp 3 x 0,8 m. The trees were planted as a two-year vaccinees.
The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the increase in trunk diameter, the intensity of growth and yield of selected columnar apple varieties, before and after the end of their vegetation. It was necessary to evaluate the cross-sectional area strain in (cm2), increase in cross-sectional area strain in (cm2), average fruit weight (g), crown height (m), absolute yield (kg) per tree, specific yield on (cm2) cross-sectional area, yield (kg) on increase in area strain, area yield (t / ha) and specific yield on the crown height (kg / m).
In the theoretical part I will deal with the history of apple growing and growing development of various shapes, characteristics of apple trees, their significance and composition. Further I will discuss demands on the growing the apple tree and its treating. At the same time I will mention the major diseases and pests. At the end of this part I will describe harvesting methods and proper storage.
The practical part is focused on the experiment itself and its subsequent evaluation. I will mention the location and characteristics of the habitat where the apple tree grew. I will describe specific columnar varieties and rootstocks used. I will characterize the specific location of the varieties grown and the activities that were implemented during the evaluation period of the experiment.
In conclusion, the results have been evaluated, to which I arrived during the entire measurements. This part contains the observed values displayed in two tables. For a better overview of the data obtained and the results they are displayed graphically. At the end there is a complete summary of the whole work.
For the most of the results it has been proved that a base affects the intensity of growth and yield. The biggest growth area strain (cm2) had a variety 'Cumulus' on rootstock M 26, but on the rootstock M 9 the increase was significantly lower. When assessing absolute yield the highest values were observed in a variety 'Red Spring' on rootstock M 26, followed by the yield of variety 'Slendera' on rootstock M 26. The lowest yield was observed in cultivar 'Cumulus' on M 9. In these cases, we can confirm the influence of rootstock of variety. When evaluating the specific yield on increase strain the highest yield was at varieties 'Red Spring' on M 26, followed by a variety 'Slendera', where the yield was greater on the rootstock M 9. Here it is impossible to unequivocally confirm that the rootstock M 26 has a higher yield than the rootstock M 9.
|
|
Spatial distribution and mobility of critically endangered Rock Grayling in the area of Orlik Reservoir
Váňová, Anežka ; Kadlec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The critically endangered grayling (Hipparchia hermione, syn.: alcyone) is one of the rapidly declining diurnal butterfly species which occupies only few remaining localities in the Czech Republic. Currently, its remaining local populations can be found in the central Povltavi area where they inhabit mostly sparse light oak forests with low cover of the herb layer. As a diploma thesis, the study was conducted during the season 2015. The populations of H. alcyone were researched around the Orlik water reservoir. The occurrence was confirmed at six localities out of which two had been unknown until then. Within four dense populations have been using the capture-recapture method evaluated the mobility and dispersal abilities of the species. The populations differed in their dispersal abilities. Various average long distances across localities and sexes were detected. The average long distances varied (males 142to300 m, females 78to261 m) across all locations. The flight probability were ascertained with two methods: the inverse power function (IPF) and the negative exponential function (NEF). The NEF method fitted better the flight probability at all localities. The interchanges of individuals between localities were noted only in a case of two closest populations. These one-way interchanges (three males and two females) were always directed from dense to smaller population. The adults of H. alcyone were typical by very low dispersions between separate populations, probably due to lower densities of populations and innapropriate structure of migration paths. Three overflights of males and two overflights of females to the neighbouring location were recorded. With respect to the size of local population and the structure of migration routes, the individuals expand with difficulties. In order to maintain and support habitats of new H. alcyone biotopes, the more open canopies and creation of a larger number of small clearings in the neighbourhood of the H. alcyone localities is necessary.
|
|
Principles of golf courses EIA
Janků, Kristýna ; Martiš, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vlastimil, Vlastimil (referee)
This thesis deals with the principles of assessment impact of golf courses on the environment. The process of assessing the impact of project on the environment (EIA) is an integral part of the permission procedures for building permits. Each intention is different and must be assessed differently. Because of all the sports that have their sphere of activity on the free surface of the earth has golf probably the strongest interaction with the environment, the construction of golf courses is very hot topic among experts and the general public. This study aims to evaluate of EIA process at the two golf courses and the experience gained from the EIA process to formulate principles for the assessment of golf courses on the environment. An integral part of the work is an analysis of the EIA notification and control in unity of prediction in notification with the actual situation. On the based of achieved experience and the gained data it is possible to generalize the principles of EIA process for similar intention.
|
|
Effect of tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta) on bioaccumulation of zinc in the host (Rattus norvegicus)
Sloup, Vladislav ; Jankovská, Ivana (advisor)
This research investigates the ability of rat tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta) to accumulate zinc in tissue and the influence of its intake and excretion by its host (laboratory rat). The host was fed by food with zinc in two forms: 1) a mixture of standard food ST1 with hyperaccumulator plant Arabidopsis halleri, 2) ST1 mixture with zinc lactate, which is ordinarily used as a feed supplement for increasing zinc content and it is often included in human diet supplements. Rat control group fed by ST1 only was included in the experiment for verification of the difference. Rats were divided to six groups (OO, OT, RT, RO, MO a MT). Three rat groups were infected by rat tapeworm (OT, RT, MT) and three rat groups were not infected (OO, RO, MO). The control groups OO and OT were fed by ST1 only. RO and RT groups were fed by ST1 with admixture of Arabidopsis halleri and groups MO and MT were fed by ST1 with zinc lactate. Urine and excrements of the rats were collected twice a week during the experiment and their amounts were measured every day. The rats were weighted every week. At the end of the balance phase of the experiment rats were euthanized and seven selected tissues were removed (liver, kidney, spleen, small intestine, testis, muscle and bone). Rat tapeworm was removed from the infected rats. Blood was drawn from the rats. The results show that rat groups infected by the rat tapeworm had lower concentration of zinc in almost all analyzed tissues except for spleen, where the concentration of zinc was the same as in groups without the rat tapeworm. Based on the results the rat tapeworm also has an influence on the excretion of feces and urine.
|
|
Application of mathematical models for simulation of hydrological conditions in selected streams
Kurková, Marie ; Vašků, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Michal, Michal (referee)
Flood is a natural phenomenon that occurs at different intensities and irregular time intervals. As to natural disasters, floods represent the greatest direct threat for the Czech Republic. They may cause serious critical situations during which not only extensive material damages are done, but may bring also losses of the lives of inhabitants in affected areas as well as vast devastation of cultural landscape including environmental damages. Important from the viewpoint of the elimination of potential threats and consequences of such events is the information issued by flood forecasting service about the character and size of flood areas for individual N-year flood discharges and specific flood scenarios. An adequate image of depths and flow rates in the longitudinal or cross profile of the watercourse during a flood event is provided by the hydrodynamic model. This is why the information obtained from the hydrodynamic models occupies a privileged position from the viewpoint of the protection of citizens' lives and mitigation of damage to their property. The first study is situated on the river Úhlava in meadows by Příchovice near the town Přeštice. The proposal of flood-protection measures is contained in Territorial control documentation. The documentation was elaborated on the basis of hydraulic calculations and experiences from the flood in August 2002. The mathematical model is practically used in the study of analysis of proposed flood-protection measures. The analysis is based on mathematical simulation of water outflow and water level on the river Úhlava. It is possible to use the non-commercial software Hec-Ras, version 3.1.1., for the simulation itself. One of the points of view of the possibility of using proposed flood-protection measures is total efficiency. The mathematical model is posssible to use as a basis of support for realization of proposed flood-protection measures on the river Úhlava in meadows by Příchovice within the grant programme "Program prevence před povodněmi II" under the control of the Ministry of Agriculture. In the second case the mathematical model is practically used in the study of hydrotechnical analysis of streams in cadastral unit. The analysis is based on matjematical simulation of water outflow and water level on chosen streams. It is possible to use the noncomercial software HEC-RAS for the own simulation. The analysis should be shown on dangerous places in the interest place. The mathematical model is possible of using to use as basis for revaluation of action in spatial plan or for view of the flood-protection measures in the village Mochtín. Basic input into the hydrodynamic models is represented by altimetry data. One of ways to obtain such data is through the method of aerial laser scanning (ALS) from the digital relief model (DRM). This method is considered one of the most accurate methods for obtaining altimetry data. Its bottleneck is however incapacity of recording terrain geometry under water surface due to the fact that laser beam is absorbed by water mass. The absence of geometric data on watercourse discharge area may perceptibly affect results of modelling, especially if a missing part of the channel represents a significant discharge area with its capacity. One of methods for eliminating the deficiency is a sufficient channel recess by means of software tools such as CroSolver. The third submitted paper deals with the construction of a hydrodynamic model using 5th generation DRM data, and compares outputs from this model at various discharges with a model based on the altimetry data modified by using the CroSolver tool. Outputs from the two hydrodynamic models are compared in HEC-RAS programme with the use of recessed data and with the use of unmodified DRM. The comparison is done on the sections of two watercourses with different terrain morphology and watercourse size. A complementary output is the comparison of inundation areas issuing from both model variants. Our results indicate that differences in the outputs are significant namely in the lower discharges (Q1, Q5) whereas for Q50 and Q100 the difference is negligible with a great role being played by morphology of the modelled area and by the watercourse size.
|
|
LEADER and rural development (the case study of LAG Posázaví)
Onderčaninová, Lucie ; Lošťák, Michal (advisor) ; Boukalová, Kateřina (referee)
Thesis deals with the LEADER method as a specific tool for the rural development. Its aim is to detect how is LAG Posázaví fulfilling principles LEADER in its activities and project implementations.
The empirical part will be based on a content analysis of all completed projects of LAG Posázaví through programs LEADER CZ, LEADER+ a LEADER(SPL) which will evaluate an extent of particular LEADER principles.
The creation of conceptual outsets for the empiric part of the thesis will allow literary research, which puts some theories of rural development and projection into exogenous and endogenous model of rural development. Thesis emphasizes the endogenous rural development and individual principles on which the LEADER approach is based.
The research results demostrate the long-term upward trend of implementing the LEADER principles in projects implemented by LAG Posázaví. While the variable "implementation of innovative approaches" is in the long term constant value
in the last two reporting periods, the other monitored variables are on a steady growth. The upward trend was surprisingly not evident within the short term development.
|
|
The analysis of the final scores of hunting tests for retriever breeds
Rezková, Simona ; Vostrý, Luboš (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
This thesis is concerned with six Retriever dog breeds whereas emphasis is put on
their hunting origin. In the first part, it provides a comprehensive overview of the history
of Retriever breeds genesis, beginnings of their breeding and a brief description of the actual breeding conditions in our country. In the second part of the thesis, the basics
of the inheritability of working abilities not only with hunting dog breeds are explained and
a comparison of various working ability heritability tests, including their results, is provided. The main part of the thesis deals with the actual analysis of the results of club hunting tests targeted at the disciplines typical for the given test type. Within my research I focused
on an analysis of hunting tests of Retrievers while using data obtained from the websites
of Breeders Club of Hunting Retrievers (Klub loveckých slídičů) and Retriever Club CZ.
I primarily studied the effect of the dog breed and year onto the assessment of certain disciplines. By means of the statistical method Anova I came to the conclusion that none
of the monitored parameters, i.e. dog breed and year, have any significant effect
on the assessment. The only statistically significant effect may be observed with the curly coated retriever breed in the discipline of tracking two pieces of furred game where
the average grade of this breed amounts to 1.00, whereas with other breeds it ranges
from 3.68 to 3.90. As far as the effect of the year on the assessment is concerned, only
the year 2008 and 2009 may be considered statically significant in the discipline of standstill at a standpoint where average grades reached 2.75 or more precisely 3.25.
|
|
Evaluation of animal assisted therapy in hospitals
Zoulová, Kateřina ; Machová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Chaloupková, Helena (referee)
This work deals with the use of Animal- assisted activities (AAA) and Animal- assisted therapy (AAT) in hospitals in the world and in the Czech Republic.
There is a general overview of the use of this therapy in children´s hospitals, hospitals with acute care for people with dementia, patients with acute schizophrenic, cancer and neurological diseases, in this work.
There is description of locating and real course of these programs in this work and presentation of specific dog use units in patients with various types of diseases.
There is a description of research results, which was conducted in hospitals throughout the Czech Republic in the practical part of this work.
Correspondents replies are divided into two sections. The first section contains the responses from the hospital staff and coordinators in volunteer centers, who are performing the therapy in hospital facilities. These answers relate to insurance, legal inquiries and practical implementation of therapy.
Responses in the second section of this work desribe canisterapy directly as it takes place in a different facilities. The way, how the therapy is proceeding, which methods and departments are used.The questionnaire was posted to 30 hospitals, of which the positive feedback provided 8. The answer came from 15 canistherapists of these hospitals.
|
|
Computer network in small company
Maier, Jaroslav ; Vokoun, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ulman, Miloš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to theoretical basis of computer networks issues. A computer network and its dividing is characterized in the theoretical part. Possibilities of signal propagation over the network are introduced, while priority is given to cabling. Next description belongs to network topology, characterization of network models: ISO/OSI model and TCP/IP model and their single layers. Attention is also paid to active network elements and Ethernet technology. The thesis also deals with possibilities of network security, network workstations and data backup. The second, practical part of this thesis is focused on complete design of a computer network in Dafné profi Ltd company. The practical part firstly introduces Dafné profi Ltd company and analyzes the current state of the computer network. Based on requests submitted by the company and after thorough analysis and consideration of all options a new computer network is designed, including selected components and calculation of total price offer.
|
|
Interactions between spiders (Araneae) and their prey
Nerpas, Marek ; Korenko, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kysilková, Kristýna (referee)
Spiders (Araneae) are predators utilizing many strategies for hunting their prey. Their diet is often extensive. To obtain food, many various interactions occur among the spiders, and some species are not even afraid to hunt over other spiders. In the first two chapters, I describe the environment of spiders. I focus on the basic classification of spiders, following by an overview of the most important families in Central Europe and their division into the weavers of different types of cobwebs, and spiders who do not hunt through the webs but have a similar style of hunting, in hunting groups (guilds). Further on, the work deals with intraspecific interactions between spiders, such as competition, cannibalism or cooperation that influence the success in hunting prey and consequently the success in survival of spiders. In the last two chapters I deal with the interactions in the framework of the hunting groups, and between different hunting groups that affect other species of the ecosystem and are a driving force in shaping animal communities.
|
guest ::
