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Monetary Policy and Macroprudential Policy: Rivals or Teammates?
Malovaná, Simona ; Frait, Jan
This paper sheds some light on situations in which monetary and macroprudential policies may interact (and potentially get into conflict) and contributes to the discussion about the coordination of those policies. Using data for the Czech Republic and five euro area countries we show that monetary tightening has a negative impact on the credit-to-GDP ratio and the non-risk-weighted bank capital ratio (i.e. a positive impact on bank leverage), while these effects have strengthened considerably since mid-2011. This supports the view that accommodative monetary policy contributes to a build-up of financial vulnerabilities, i.e. it boosts the credit cycle. On the other hand, the effect of the higher bank capital ratio is associated with some degree of uncertainty. For these and other reasons, coordination of the two policies is necessary to avoid an undesirable policy mix preventing effective achievement of the main objectives in the two policy areas.
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Účinky xenobiotik na oxidační stres, metabolizmus lipidů, integritu DNA a životaschopnost lidských buněk a rybích spermií in vitro
LINHARTOVÁ, Pavla
Pollution of the aquatic environment by inorganic and organic chemicals is a major factor posing a serious threat to the survival of aquatic organisms including fish. In addition balancing risks and benefits of fish consumption is nowadays an intensively discussed public health topic. Spermatozoa of almost all fish species are released into water environment where they can be directly exposed to various compounds, such as xenobiotics including toxic metals, prior to fertilization. In addition, exposure of parental adults to various xenobiotics may affect gamete quality, which may subsequently reduce fertilization success. On the other hand the advantages of eating fish are well-known, not only in the point that fish is a healthy source of protein and other nutrients, but eating contaminated fish may also confer various health benefits. Research over the past few decades has shown that the nutrients and particularly the n-3 fatty acids (FA) found in fish and seafood, are for examples protective against cardiac diseases and have a positive impact on brain development. The thesis provides a focus on two different cell model types. Firstly, human hepatocellular cells (Hep G2, ATCC) were used as in vitro tool for studying the effect of the intake of cadmium (Cd2+) contaminated fish on cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and fatty acid and phospholipid class compositions. Secondly, spermatozoa of one threatened species of fish, sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) were used as in vitro model for studying effect of potentially hazardous xenobiotic compounds' occurring in open waters. Sperm from sterlet were exposed for 2h to environmentally relevant concentrations of DQ (0-150
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Summary of foreign knowledge about the origin and development of EDZ in crystalline rocks - research
Vavro, Martin ; Souček, Kamil ; Staš, Lubomír ; Vavro, Leona
Presented search summarizes findings of foreign research oriented on the origin and evolution of the excavation damaged zone in crystalline rocks with a particular focus on the essential results of experimental projects which were performed in Canada, Sweden, Finland, and Switzerland. The study is divided, excluding the introduction, into seven main chapters of the text, which gradually deal with: (1) definition of key terms, (2) overview of the main underground research laboratories in the world where EDZ assessment was conducted, (3) methods suitable for EDZ description and characterization, (4) main factors influencing the origin of failure around the excavations and time-dependent evolution of EDZ. An overview of important outcomes of EDZ experiments, focusing on the European hard rock laboratories (Stripa, Äspö, Onkalo/Olkiluoto and Grimsel), and their summary are presented in the final two chapters.\nThe review summarizing the published key findings and results of in situ experiments shows, that for rock in lower stress state, i.e. in no spalling environment, the extent and character of rock mass damage is typically dependent on the excavation method. Using mechanical excavation, rock damage zone with thickness less than 3 centimeters can be originated. The microcracks within this zone contribute to the increase of hydraulic conductivity of the rock mass. At some test sites (Äspö, Grimsel), where the tunnel boring machine technology was used, the damage zone was already detected in depth of less than 5 mm.\nOn the contrary, openings excavated by drilling and blasting are characterized by much more extensive damage zones up to several tens of centimeters in width. The damage progressively diminishes with the distance from the opening.
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Usability of connectivity metrics as predictors of species distribution
Kučera, Michal ; Šímová, Petra (advisor) ; Krčílková, Šárka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate whether connectivity indices are usable for bird prediction.
The study area contains of the whole country but is divided into separate squares with area of
133 km 2 each, where the presence or absence of the bird species is known. The dependence is
tested on landscape connectivity indices presented by prof. S. Saura. The land cover contains
of Corine land cover 2012 data. The results will be evaluated with logistic regression approach
on sample data including 4 different dispersal distances (500 m, 1 000 m, 2 000 m and 3 000
m) and 10 specific bird species typical for given land cover. The corelation between land cover
area presence of the bird is also tested.
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Tool to assess the landscape connectivity in different area units and dispersal distances
Chrumko, Adam ; Šímová, Petra (advisor) ; Krčílková, Šárka (referee)
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to introduce a basic summary of landscape connectivity calculations mainly focusing on the Conefor program and the effect of input parameters on output landscape connectivity indices. One of the main goals is to create an ArcMap Toolbox to simplify the calculation of landscape connectivity indices for many areas of interest. Basic squares that cover the whole Czech Republic were chosen as main areas of interest. These units are used for example for mapping the abundance of flora and fauna. The same indices were calculated for NUTS3 and LAU1 areas in order to compare effect of size of input areas. This thesis provides a simple solution in the form of a Python Toolbox for Esri ArcMap to calculate overall indices of landscape connectivity through a Conefor command line application for a large number of input areas. Forest connectivity for different dispersal distances and input areas of interest was calculated with this Toolbox. As an input vector layer of forests, CORINE land cover data from mapping period 1990, 2000, 2006 and 2012 were used. Input dispersal distances were chosen in the range from 50 to 50.000 meters in order to comprehensively describe their effects on indices. Resultant forest and connectivity changes are represented by cartograms; the effect of input data on output indices is shown in graphs.
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Revitalization of the chateau park in Choltice
Čermáková, Michaela ; Vaněk, Jan (advisor) ; František, František (referee)
This work has the task to assess the current situation of the chateau park and at the same time the game preserve in Choltice, and suggest its revitalization in order to rejuvenate the vegetation and making the field available for the general public. Choltice is a market town in the Pardubice region, approximately 15 km west from Pardubice. At the end of 17. century a baroque castle was built here, which belonged to the count Simon Thun. His family belonged it until 1945. The chateau and the park is now owned by the borough Choltice. The chateau neighbours with the extensive English park, which passes the chateau game preserve, which is since 1992 a nature reserve and an important European locality.
The diploma thesis contains a detailed theoretical basis and proposes solutions, which are directed both on the protection of the living conditions of protected and endangered species of a beetle Osmoderma eremita. This species occurs only rarely and his survival area is very limited, therefore it is necessary to create those conditions, and it is currently one of the main tasks of the revitalization.
The next step is to help revitalize the introduction of spontaneous breeding fallow deer in the game preserve. This idea is not new, the fallow deer were bred there until 1945. The town of Choltice is very inclined towards this idea about farming and supports it. To increase the number of visitors this diploma thesis contains a proposal for the creation of a nature trail, this area would attract wider public than so far.
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Statistical analysis of selected wage level indicators in regions of the Czech Republic
Čálková, Tereza ; Kába, Bohumil (advisor) ; Jindřich, Jindřich (referee)
The thesis describes the development of selected wage indicators in regions of the Czech Republic in the period 2002-2014 and predicts the future development of these indicators for the next three years. Subsequently thesis classifies individual regions into clusters based on similarity in terms of wage indicators and selected labour indicators and then compares these clusters within two years - 2002 and 2014. Foundations are taken from the website of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and Public database of Czech Statistical Office. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part and contains eight chapters. The theoretical part explains terms of remuneration of workers, describes the selected indicators, regions and used methods. In the practical part is applied time series analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results of the analyses are summarized in the conclusion of the thesis.
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Process management and its use for optimization
Drahorádová, Lucie ; Tichá, Ivana (advisor) ; Lucie, Lucie (referee)
The subject of thesis Process management and its use in optimization is drafting process change in real company and its subsequent implementation. The work focuses on the steps important to the change process, their explanation and subsequent use in practical part. Thesis is divided into two main parts. First part is a theoretical background of the process management and a development of this sector, explanation of key concepts closely related with process management to a description of a specific methods, which play a role in the process of company management.Next part is a practical part where most of the theoretical background was used. Practical work itself is a real-world example of the banking environment, where was actually implemented. Because of a limited possibility to publish the practical part, I do not mention a particular company and the data used for the preparation example are type data - these are not real data. However, the implementation of process changes was set this way and works now, and since it was the optimization, it is therefore expected that this change will bring its savings in the future. Since the implementation of the changes has already occurred, even this assumption was fulfilled and set change of process still generates its savings.
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Labour costs and perks in an organization
Hájková, Veronika ; Šišková, Jitka (advisor) ; Pavla, Pavla (referee)
The dissertation Labour costs and perks in an organization occupies with analysis of wages and labour costs, which nowadays forms an inseparable part of policy in each organization.The dissertation is divided into 2 main parts.The theoretical part is focused mainly on the theory of wages and labour costs. Then it defines employee benefits, their kinds , classification (or structure) and trends, the large part is devoted to the sytem of providing constituent employee benefits and follow up tax-deductibility of interest on the side of employees and employers.
The practical part is concerned with analysis of the present-day system of remuneration and providing benefits in a selected company. The great attention was paid to height of costs, which a selected company must spend on the provided benefits. The overall level
of satisfaction/unsatisfaction with provided benefits was investigated by means of questionnaire survey among employees in a selected company. The structure of up to now provided benefits was evaluated on the basis of information collected during the survey and created a dissertation conclusion. At the same time there was a proposal for integration of new kinds of benefits into the overall remuneration system.
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Development factors of Říčansko region
Novotná, Pavlína ; Kment, Petr (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
The thesis titled theme "Factors regional development Říčansko"
It is aimed at demographically growing community Sulice. This small village in the Central Region belongs to its location in the administrative district of Ricany. On the base of the higher territorial unit of the village is connected with the Prague metropolitan region, so we canin her talk as outer commuter zone. Work is in terms of content divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the first chapters of the thesis deals with the analysis of literature. Describes technical terms that relate to this topic. Explains such terms. Region, regional development, village, regionalization, demographics, urbanization, suburbanization, zoning and public administration. Subsequently, the practical part analyzes the municipality Sulice, focusing on the history, the present and the overall development of infrastructure, in order to identify the main development potentials. Attention is paid mainly to widespread suburbanization, which is associated with the growth of population in the village. For this reason, the author hinder handle the additional survey to better evaluate the possible social problems, and vice versa benefits of cohabitation residents and newcomers. A separate chapter assess basic development indicators, which most affect the economic and social development of the community Sulice. Finally, work is based on the findings SWOT analysis, which clearly illustrates the factors that could Sulice community should give more support, but also identifies areas that should be planned future development of the municipality mitigated.
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