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A comparison of unemployment in various social groups
Urbanová, Věra ; Majerová, Věra (advisor) ; Petra, Petra (referee)
This diploma thesis has both a theoretical and a research section. In the theoretical part basic concepts related to the topic are defined and the unemployment of social groups vulnerable in the labour market that require increased attention in their inclusion are analysed. The empiric section comprises of research focusing on candidates of these social groups applying for a job. Furthermore, the research of the labour office's employees at the departments of the labour office (KoP ÚP ČR) is included. The acquired data is then evaluated and a conclusion formed as to how the current situation can be improved.
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Evaluation the Financial Situation of the Selected Business Entity
Říha, Jan ; Pfeiferová, Daniela (advisor) ; Romana, Romana (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the financial situation of the selected company Eutit Ltd. for a selected period. The firm is the world's largest producer of fused basalt. Assessing the financial situation will be made for the period 2012-2015.
The theoretical part focuses on the theoretical foundations of financial analysis, describes its objectives, principles of the method used most in practice provides a current view on the issue of financial analysis.
The practical part describes the selected company, its history and present. For the evaluation of economic situation of company Eutit Ltd. was the use of horizontal, vertical analysis, financial ratios analysis using bankruptcy or credibility models. Subsequently, the calculated values of indicators will be compared with the industry average values.
In conclusion, the evaluated results of the financial analysis are to determine the overall economic effectiveness of the selected company with evaluated as very positive.
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Biotransfer of selected risk metals into plants and their accumulation and distribution in plant organs
Le Minh, Phuong ; Lachman, Jaromír (advisor)
Contamination of soils with heavy metals is one of the serious environmental problems threatening human being. Heavy metals are considered as the special hazard of soil pollutants because of the adverse effects on the plant growth, the amount, activity of useful microorganisms in soils and the quality of food. Regard to the persistent and toxicity, the heavy metals are toxic when we consider different kinds of pollutants in soils. In the soil, zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) toxicities frequently occur than the other metals because of their precipitation and sorption by the soil. It is a very dangerous situation because when these metals are taken up by plants, they can be transported to the food web and food chains.
In the present study, the accumulation of four heavy metals (mercury, zinc, lead and cadmium) in the whole grain of spring accessions of emmer, einkorn and common spring wheat cultivars and potato (Solanum tuberosum) is reported. Heavy and essential elements were monitored in potato cultivars in the exact field experiments and in hydroponically grown plants. The elements were determined by methods FAAS, ET AAS, and AMA (Advance Mercury Analysis). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 9.0 with the Tukey HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) test (alpha equal to 0.05).
In our study, the concentration of heavy metals decreased in the order zinc (Zn) > lead (Pb) > cadmium (Cd) > mercury (Hg) in the wheat grain. The comparison between three varieties of investigated wheat revealed that the emmer wheat was rich in zinc content (62.12 mg kg-1 dry matter), while the spring wheat had the lowest average concentration of zinc in the grain (40.99 mg kg-1 dry matter). Generally, the values of lead concentration in grain wheat varieties were low (ranging from 0.1268 mg kg-1 dry matter to 0.2950 mg kg-1 dry matter).
The concentrations of mercury in four typical growth stages of wheat (boot stage 10, heading stage 10.2 1/4 of head emerged, leaf-stage 10.2 and stage ripening 11 according to Feekes) were also determined. It has been shown that the concentrations of mercury in different wheat varieties were absorbed differently at different growth stages of plant. Stage 10.2 and leaf stage 10.2 showed the high mercury content (0.0152 mg kg-1 dry matter and 0.0214 mg kg-1 dry matter, respectively). Among individual varieties significant differences were determined.
Amounts of toxic and potentially toxic elements detected in investigated potato tubers are characterized by a large variability within investigated groups. Performing statistical analysis (one way ANOVA) showed that there were no significant differences between two investigated groups of samples (samples from Uhříněves and Valečov in the year 2013 and 2014) considering either one of investigated metals. Measurable levels of mercury were found in smallest amounts in all investigated potato samples comparing to other metals (Cd, Pb).
Plant cells compared to animal cells are characterized by the formation of cell walls. Plasma membrane or cell membrane is a biological active membrane separating the interior of cell from the outside environment. An adjusted method for isolation of protoplasts was developed and adapted for isolation of protoplasts from plant material (potatoes). In our experiment, the plants were grown hydroponically in the Research Institute of Plant Crops Prague-Ruzyně. If we examine the plant membrane, one option is to remove the cell wall by means of special mixture enzymes. Protoplasts were released in the dark at 25 degrees of Celsius for 18 hours. The 70 and 90 microns sieve was used to filter and then centrifugation for 5 minutes at 100 x g. All the steps were carefully carried out to prevent the damage or breakage of protoplasts.
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The effect of cadmium on oxidative stress in plants
Zemanová, Veronika ; Pavlíková, Daniela (advisor) ; Tomáš, Tomáš (referee)
The two ecotypes of Noccaea caerulescens originating from two differently contaminated sites (Redlschlag, Austria; Ganges, France), N. praecox (Mežica, Slovenia), Arabidopsis halleri and Spinacia oleracea were studied to compare Cd accumulation and tolerance. After 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of cultivation in Cd contaminated soil (30, 60 and 90 mg Cd/kg soil) for hyperaccumulators and 25, 40, 55 and 75 days of cultivation in Cd contaminated soil (30, 60 and 90 mg Cd/kg soil) for spinach gas-exchange parameters (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration), fatty acids, macro- and microelements were determined as well as N utilization by plants. Noccaea species and A. halleri showed similar changes in yield of biomass, Cd content and total content of amino acids. These species confirmed differences in the profile and contents of individual free amino acids. The comparison between Noccaea species showed that Cd stress resulted in similar changes of gas-exchange parameters. Contrasting responses of plants to Cd contamination were confirmed in macro- and microelements contents, fatty acids and amino acids metabolism. Spinach showed contrasting response to cadmium compared to hyperaccumulators, especially in profile of free amino acids and fatty acids.
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Application of mathematical models for simulation of hydrological conditions in selected streams
Kurková, Marie ; Vašků, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Michal, Michal (referee)
Flood is a natural phenomenon that occurs at different intensities and irregular time intervals. As to natural disasters, floods represent the greatest direct threat for the Czech Republic. They may cause serious critical situations during which not only extensive material damages are done, but may bring also losses of the lives of inhabitants in affected areas as well as vast devastation of cultural landscape including environmental damages. Important from the viewpoint of the elimination of potential threats and consequences of such events is the information issued by flood forecasting service about the character and size of flood areas for individual N-year flood discharges and specific flood scenarios. An adequate image of depths and flow rates in the longitudinal or cross profile of the watercourse during a flood event is provided by the hydrodynamic model. This is why the information obtained from the hydrodynamic models occupies a privileged position from the viewpoint of the protection of citizens' lives and mitigation of damage to their property. The first study is situated on the river Úhlava in meadows by Příchovice near the town Přeštice. The proposal of flood-protection measures is contained in Territorial control documentation. The documentation was elaborated on the basis of hydraulic calculations and experiences from the flood in August 2002. The mathematical model is practically used in the study of analysis of proposed flood-protection measures. The analysis is based on mathematical simulation of water outflow and water level on the river Úhlava. It is possible to use the non-commercial software Hec-Ras, version 3.1.1., for the simulation itself. One of the points of view of the possibility of using proposed flood-protection measures is total efficiency. The mathematical model is posssible to use as a basis of support for realization of proposed flood-protection measures on the river Úhlava in meadows by Příchovice within the grant programme "Program prevence před povodněmi II" under the control of the Ministry of Agriculture. In the second case the mathematical model is practically used in the study of hydrotechnical analysis of streams in cadastral unit. The analysis is based on matjematical simulation of water outflow and water level on chosen streams. It is possible to use the noncomercial software HEC-RAS for the own simulation. The analysis should be shown on dangerous places in the interest place. The mathematical model is possible of using to use as basis for revaluation of action in spatial plan or for view of the flood-protection measures in the village Mochtín. Basic input into the hydrodynamic models is represented by altimetry data. One of ways to obtain such data is through the method of aerial laser scanning (ALS) from the digital relief model (DRM). This method is considered one of the most accurate methods for obtaining altimetry data. Its bottleneck is however incapacity of recording terrain geometry under water surface due to the fact that laser beam is absorbed by water mass. The absence of geometric data on watercourse discharge area may perceptibly affect results of modelling, especially if a missing part of the channel represents a significant discharge area with its capacity. One of methods for eliminating the deficiency is a sufficient channel recess by means of software tools such as CroSolver. The third submitted paper deals with the construction of a hydrodynamic model using 5th generation DRM data, and compares outputs from this model at various discharges with a model based on the altimetry data modified by using the CroSolver tool. Outputs from the two hydrodynamic models are compared in HEC-RAS programme with the use of recessed data and with the use of unmodified DRM. The comparison is done on the sections of two watercourses with different terrain morphology and watercourse size. A complementary output is the comparison of inundation areas issuing from both model variants. Our results indicate that differences in the outputs are significant namely in the lower discharges (Q1, Q5) whereas for Q50 and Q100 the difference is negligible with a great role being played by morphology of the modelled area and by the watercourse size.
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Economic Development of Kazakhstan since 1991
Dochshanova, Aida ; Procházka, Petr (advisor) ; Rychkova, Victoria (referee)
The paper deals with the strategic planning of economic development of Kazakhstan. The aim of the work is to provide analyses and material on future and present of Kazakhstans economy. It is written in detail about main characteristics of economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The text gives valuable information about formation and development of Kazakhstans economic relations with other countries. The fact that there is the necessity to develop alternative forms of ownership and more rational use of recourses, scientific and technical potential is stressed.The second chapter gives a detailed analysis of strategy of economic development.Long-term priorities and tasks of strategy of economic growth and development are discussed. It is shown that strategy of development of the country Kazakhstan 2030 is the most important reference point of the real and perspective development of socio- economic system. The perspectives of Kazakhstans strategy in comparison with world analogs are also analyzed in paper.
It is reported that in general it is possible to tell that theoretical summarizing of national and international experience and a concrete condition of reforming of society allows solving tasks of coordination of strategic aims and tactical actions within national model of development in a transformation period.
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Motivation as a tool of performance management
Korbel, Petr ; Kříž, Josef (advisor) ; Hana, Hana (referee)
The thesis Motivation as a tool for performance management describes motivation of employees in company Strojmetal Aluminium Forging. It furhter analyzes human resources management in the Company and its impact on performance of its employees.
The aim of the study is to evaluate current motivation process within the Company and to propose new tools for improvement of performance management of its employees. The target group of this study are technical and economical employees of the Company.
The theoretical part of the study defines basic terms such as motivation, performance of employees, and tools for performance management, reflecting a variety of modern approaches within this area.
The practical part of the study focuses on current performance management of the Company and uses theoretical assumptions to evaluate the current performance management and to predict development of the performance management in a timeline of two years.
The underlying data for the study were gathered from internal sources and from controlled interview with the head of the pesonnel department of the Company.
Subsequently, using a questionnaire survey, performance of employees and tools for performance management of the Company were assessed and evaluated. The research was conducted at the end of year 2015.
Based on the evaluation of the results of the study, their comparison with the benchmarks and with the predicted motivational factors in a timeline of two years, recommendations for achieving greater effectiveness of the current motivation process and its sustainability were suggested.
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Financial Analysis of chosen Company
Schmiedová, Renata ; Slaboch, Josef (advisor) ; Malý, Michal (referee)
The submitted bachelor's work with the topic Financial Analysis of the Chosen Company deals with the ananlysis of financial health of DACHDECKER spol. s r.o. during the period of 2011 to 2014 with the aim to evaluate the course of financial analysis indicators and to submit the suggestion that can lead to present condition improving.
The work is divided into two crucial parts. The theoretical part is an introduction to the base that can be used for financial analysis treatment, with various types of financial analysis attitudes, with methods that can be applied, and, last but not least as well as with the users who could be interested in the results of anylysis carried out.
In practical part, the accounting data have been analysed via absolute indicators methods using the horizontal and vertical analysis. A substantial part are the results
of aliquot indicators of rentability, activity, liquidity and indebtedness, including
its interpretation. A calculation of a bankruptcy model is a part of this work as well.
In the course of practical part, the chosen indicators are applied to a competitive firm
that is doing business in the same branch as DACHDECKER spol. s r.o., so that a branch comparison could be carried out and thus the information ability of the data could be more precise.
In the conclusion, attention is paid to evaluating the gained results, assessing
the possible causes of present condition and putting forward a recommendation in future.
Financial analysis was applied to accounting data in the period of 2011 to 2014.
A considerable takings decline in 2012 can be seen in the analysis carried out. This decline did not get deeper in the following years , which is a positive fact. However, the situation with the takings development was considerably reflected in the total results of the economic activities, and the firm´s ability to appraise the invested capital was radically limited. Moreover, in 2013 the firm suffered a loss. Because a comparison was done with a competitive firm, it can be stated that other firms of the same branch suffered
a considerable decline in 2013 as well. Should we view the firm DACHDECKER
spol. s r. o. from the point of ability to keep its liability then this firm can be considered
to be financially healthy and credible.
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Comparison of little spruce sawflies Pristiphora abietina in young spruce forests after 10 years
Jirásková, Nikola ; Holuša, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lukášová, Karolína (referee)
Little spruce sawfly (Pristiphora abietina) pose a significant threat for forests
of the Czech Republic. A better knowledge of its population trends is therefore vital
for mitigating future problems in forestry.
During years 1998-2005 and then again in 2015, field observations of the population
of P. abientina were conducted in few areas of young spruce biotope
in the Czech Republic. The study areas were located in Vítkov Highlands, Javorníky (Maple Mountains) and in the surrounding of five other settlements - Albrechtice, Fryčovice, Skřipov, Spy and Stanovice. The catchment of P. abientina was performed from April till the of July by Malaise traps. Deployed Malaise traps were regularly checked, every 14 days in each study area.
The field study has discovered high numbers of P. abientina in all study locations,
as well as a high generic diversity. The flight activity of P. abientina was observed
as well. This was demonstrated in the study area of Spy, where the individuals
in the flight acitity were recorded from the beginning of May until the end of June.
The study has further discovered a numerical superiority of females over males
in the population of P. abientina. The population in 2015 exhibited a steep decline
in comparison with previous years.
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