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Výživa telat do odstavu, rizika spojené s dietetickými poruchami
ŠIMKOVÁ, Františka
The bachelor's thesis includes the physiology of the digestive tract in cattle and deals with the nutrition of weaned calves. This topic includes colostrum nutrition in the first days of life after the birth of a calf. It is the most important period in nutrition in general, because it affects the production of passive immunity of calves and thus future performance. The next stage is nutrition with milk or milk compound feed. The later performance associated with the proper development of the rumen is also affected by the administration of the starter during the dairy period. The next chapters summarize calf diseases associated with dietary deficiencies, which are mainly diarrheal diseases. The final chapters suggest the treatment and prevention of these diseases.
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Základní aspekty výživy telat
MICHÁLKOVÁ SUDOVÁ, Klára
The thesis contains a literature review of basic aspects of the nutrition of calves. This is the nutrition of the calf from the prenatal period to the nutrition of calves in each category of development separately. These are colostrum nutrition, the period of milk nutrition and plant nutrition. The work also deals with the technology of feeding and specifically active substances in the nutrition of calves (additives).
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Gut parasites of sheltered calves
HORSKÁ, Ivana
On a chosen farm were during year 2008 obtained for parasitological examination faecal samples from the rectum of calves. A total of 71 faecal samples from 70 calves was collected and examined by Sheather´s floatation. Thirty-three of the faecal samples were positive on parazites, Cryptosporidium sp. and Eimeria sp. oocysts weres found in the positive samples. Most often diagnosed parasite was Cryptosporidium sp. that was most prevalent in calves 1 {--} 2 weeks old. The infection by Eimeria sp. was highest from the 4th to the 5th week of the calves age. Parazites were mostly prevalent in weak and medium diarrhoea and were rarer in stiff feacal samples. 51,4 % of female´s faecal samples were positive on parazites and 41,7 % of male´s faecal samples were positive on parazites.
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Gut parasites of calves kept outdoor
HRDLIČKOVÁ, Jaroslava
During the year 2008, at irregular intervals, we collected samples of faeces directly from calves' rectum for parasite examination. A total of 57 samples from 48 calves was examined. We examined the samples by flotation- cetrifugation according to Sheather. In positive samples, we found oocyst of Eimeria sp. that were most common in 7 {--} 9 weeks old calves, and oocyst of Cryptosporidium sp., which were found in younger and older calves. In solid faeces, weak, medium and strong diarrhoea we found Eimeria sp., in solid faeces and weak diarrhoea we foung Cryptosporidium sp. The intensity of infection was usually weak. It results by comparison than general parasite prevalence was in the same period (except winter period) lower in individual boxes than in shedded calves.
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Vliv teploty vzduchu na chování telat českého strakatého plemene skotu ve venkovních individuálních boxech
Krejčí, Hana
The aim of bachelors thesis was to evaluate the effect of ambient temperature on the behaviour of calves of the Czech paternal breed of cattle in their outside individual boxes. Besides air temperature, the sex and season of birth of the calf were taken into account.The behaviour, which was recorded, concerned standing and lying of the calf both in and out of the box. The entire observation was conducted on an agricultural holding near Nové Město na Moravě. Observation was carried out once every month, in the period from November 2015 to October 2016. The acquired data was displayed in 5 tables and 10 charts, which correspond to the given issue. According to the results obtained, it is evident, that the increase in ambient temperature has little effect on both male and female calves. Calves are lying and situated in these outside individual boxes mostly from the time of birth until the 15th day of age. The calves dwell in boxes mostly in the fall.
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Acidóza bachorového obsahu u různých kategorií skotu
Lukášková, Simona
This bachelor thesis “Rumen acidosis in different categories of cattle“ is divided into five basic chapters. The first chapter of the work contains a general, morphological and physiological description of the digestive tract in adult cattle and calves. This chapter is followed by further subchapters concerning the development of the digestive tract in calves. The next part of the work is digestion and metabolism of the basic nutrients (carbohydrates, nitrogenous substances and lipids) in the prestomach of both these categories. The last chapter deals with the main topic of this bachelor thesis of rumen acidosis in adult cattle and calves, their etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, therapy, prevention and influence of acidosis on milk composition.
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Etologické pozorování skotu v různých věkových kategorií
Novotná, Karolína
This bachelor thesis deals with ethological observation of cattle of (in) different age. There are three groups of Czech fleckvieh cattle, dairy cows, pregnant heifers and calves. The aim of the study was get to know and compare behavior of each group. The results were given into an etogram and then processed into charts. Each group was monitored for 8 hours. There was observed lying, standing, rumination, feeding, drinking, defecation and urination, comfortable behavior, social behavior, sexual behavior and moving. Dairy cows spent the most of the time by lying, pregnant heifers by standing and calves spent the most of the time by feeding themselves.
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Výživa telat do odstavu v návaznosti na technologii ustájení
ČENĚK, Tomáš
The Bachelor work deals calf nutrition to weaning in housing technology. The total development and health of calves influence of various factors, not only prenatal, but also in the postnatal period. However with successful weaning of calves We achieve basic of cattle breeding. Everything is dependent on maintenance, which is great for good health and production of calves parametres. For great economics of breed is very important to ensure relationship of stabling technology, which is the main aim of calves breeding. At the bachelor work is assessed the concept of calf nutrition a their housing and other parametres affected their health and general welfare of animal. At the first part of my work desribe the generally calf nutrition. After that especially colostrum period which is the best priority for great herd and milk period which is important as well to the weaning. At the second part the work describe housing technology of calves periods which is great for every breed. Here is too introducing chapter of the worst mistakes which we can see at the companies. The Bachelor work desribed concepts of calf nutrition at the agricultural company and their requirements for housing technology. This priority are very important for agricultural company and others subjects of farm production. At the end of my work recommended some resolutions of calves nutrition.
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Thyroid gland of calves
GRÉK, Miloš
There were thyroid glands of 4 calves examined in this work. Calves were of the Holstein breed and were observed during the first 3 months of their life. Investigated parameters included levels of thyroid hormones and their relation to TSH, age related changes in Ca, Mg, P, protein, urea, triglyceride and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GMT) levels in blood plasma, length, width and perimeter of follicles and height of follicular cells. Mean total T4 content was 72,56+-17,76 nmol/l, T3 3,22+-1,04 nmol/l and TSH 0,94+-0,32 ng/ml. There was a positive correlation between the hormones and their free forms, and between T3 and TSH. T4 level rose with age, while T3 level fell. Protein and urea content rose with age as well, triglyceride and GMT content dropped. Ca, Mg and P content was relatively stable during the whole experiment. A higher number of small and medium sized follicles were observed in the thyroid glands. Mean follicle length was 86,24+-45,36 microns. Follicular cells reached a mean height of 7,95+-1,30 microns. All of the follicular parameters were highly individual, except follicular cell height.
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Vliv kvality kolostra na pasivní imunizaci telat
HÁLOVÁ, Daniela
This bachelor thesis occupies with the impact of quality of colostrum on calf passive immunity. Colostral immunity represents important milestone in calf life which decides about immunity of organism in early phases of its life. The first part deals with the nutrition of calves, mainly focused to the colostral period. Diseases of digestive and respiratory tract which occur often in calves from birth to weaning and cause huge economic losses are characterized in the second part. Chapters in the third part describe methodes of evaluation of quality of colostrum and level of passive immunity in calves. The closing part describes results of study and recommendations related to the farm where this study was realized.
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