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Food supporting the intestinal microbiota
JAROLÍMOVÁ, Kristýna
Diet is an important factor that affects the composition and function of the gut microbiota. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the possible influence of food representation in the diet on gut microbiota through a questionnaire survey. A total of 753 questionnaires were obtained. It was found that the majority of respondents (89%) believe that microorganisms are important for proper digestion. Women consume more fruit than men (34%, resp. 22%; P <0,01) and are more likely to follow alternative diets such as vegetarianism. Low daily consumption of fried and fast food was found to be favorable (5% of men and no women; P <0,01). The results of this study support the importance of diet as one of the factors influencing the gut microbiota. This issue is important in view of the increasing prevalence of diseases related to gut microbiota balance.
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Dietary preferences of hospitalized patients in the palliative care department
MATOUŠKOVÁ, Tereza
My Bachelor thesis called "Dietary preferences of hospitalised patients in the palliative care department" is divided into two main parts, the theoretical part and practical part. The main goal of the bachelor thesis was to discover the dietary preferences of patients in the palliative department and to evaluate whether the menu that was designed based on the patients' dietary preferences corresponds to their nutritional needs. The theoretical part is focused on older adults and physiological changes caused by ageing, nutrition of the elderly, the most common diseases in old age and possible varieties of assessment of the nutritional status of the elderly. The practical part focused on mapping the dietary preferences of patients in the palliative unit. I investigated how patients would imagine the food served in the hospital. A quantitative data collection method was used in the research through a self-constructed questionnaire. The last question concerned the construction of an ideal diet according to the patient. Furthermore, the practical part includes analysing the data obtained from the questionnaires part of which was an analysis of the ideal menus from the respondents and the menus that the patients received in the particular hospitals. I processed the obtained data using Microsoft Excel and Nutriservis professional. I found that the patients are mostly satisfied with their diet from the evaluated data. However, their diet often lacks fruits and vegetables, milk and dairy products, fish, eggs and sauces. They tend to prefer hot dinners, and the ideal time to serve dinners is between 17:00 and 18:00. In addition, patients prefer savoury dishes to sweet ones and quite often do not eat the whole portion. When analysing the diets, the most common problem was with protein. In some cases, there was its excess and sometimes a deficiency. Usually, it was necessary to reduce some protein sources and add more carbohydrates or replace sweet dishes, with a better protein source.
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The effect of different intake of omega 3 unsaturated fatty acids on the human body
DRDA, Josef
The topic of my bachelor thesis is "Effects of different intakes of omega 3 unsaturated fatty acids on the human organism." Omega 3s are fatty acids (FA), which are carboxylic acids that have 4 - 26 carbons with different spatial arrangements. The plants sources of omega 3 FAs includes oils, especially hemp, flax or soy, but they can be also found in avocados. They occur here as alpha- linoleic (ALA) acid. In animal sources occur as eicosapentoenoic (EPA) and dokosahexoenoic acids (DHA), which can be found in marine and freshwater fish and shellfish. Seaweed is an exception, which contains large amount of EPA a DHA. In recent years, there has been considerable research into their positive effects on human health, most commonly on cardiovascular and neurological systems. The aim of this work is to determine the intake of omega 3 FAs from the normal diet, whether the intake of omega 3 FAs from the normal diet is sufficient and what effect omega 3 FAs supplementation may have on health. Data collection was carried out using a quantitative research method. The respondents are users of the supplement BalanceOil. First we sought to determine the daily intake of omega 6 FAs : omega 3 FAs from the diet and the effect of supplementation. In total, 23 blood tests and 41 questionnaire responses were obtained, 18 of which included average daily diet. By analyzing the data we found on average people from a normal dietary intake of 251 mg of EPA and DHA. This amount corresponds to the minimum recommended intake of EPA and DHA according to the World health organisation. However, the resulting ratio of omega 6 FAs to omega 3 FAs is unsatisfactory, namely 29 : 1. Using analysis of blood tests were found that prior to supplementation with BalanceOil omega 3 FAs was 22 : 1, after supplementation it was 4,44 : 1. This reduction has significant impact on the health status of users, most commonly on cardiovascular diseases.
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Attitudes of Roma People to a Healthy Lifestyle
HOFMANOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic "The Attitude of Roma People to a Healthy Lifestyle". Quantitative investigation methods using a questionnaire technique were used to obtain the information. This makes it possible to present the attitudes of 40 respondents and through them their families. The research was focused on diet, exercise, sleep, leisure, as well as healthy lifestyle risk factors such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and drug use. The main aim of the research was to map respondents' awareness of healthy lifestyles and their components, how healthy lifestyle principles are followed by respondents and their families, how they feel about risk factors, and whether these claims are reflected in the daily routine of respondents and members of their families.
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Prospective study of adults diet and their vitamin D blood level
HAVLOVÁ, Adéla
Vitamin D is a widely discussed topic in domestic and foreign literature. Vitamin D serves many functions in human body, for example in affects calcium metabolism. Vitamin D is produced photochemically during sun exposure and partly it is consumed with food intake. This thesis is concerned with the problematic of dietary intake of vitamin D. The goal of my research was to analyze a relationship between a specific amount of vitamin D intake with food and vitamin D level in blood in a person. In this research quantitative methodology - prospective method was used. The participants of my research wrote down every meal they ate every day for nine months. They specified amount and kind of consumed food intake. Participants blood was analyzed for levels of calcidiol, alkaline phosphatase, calcaemia and phosphataemia. The blood was taken twice during the research. The number of participants involved six women and three men. The research started on 1 March 2021 and lasted until 30 November 2021. The participants from the research had no record of gastrointestinal diseases, this could affect vitamin D absorption from dietary intake and that could lead to biased results. This research was led as a blinded experiment to prevent experimental bias. It was important that the participants did not consume higher or lower amounts of vitamin D on purpose. Each participant followed regular assorted diet and did not restrict oneself in food intake. The results showed that participants of this study consumed more vitamin D in their diet on weekends rather that in a regular day. It was further discovered that in spring vitamin D blood level correlated with the amount of consumed vitamin D in diet. Median value of vitamin D intake in diet for one participant was 2,268 g per day, average value was 3,55 g per day. Based on the evaluated participants lists of meals was discovered that the amount of consumed vitamin D in diet made 17,75 % of its guideline daily amounts.
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Diet's influence on human psyche
VESELÁ, Pavla
This bachelor´s thesis deals with food issues in connection with psychic´s processes. The aim was to find out how diet and psyche affect each other. I list general psychological factors, which affect food intake. I mean the sensor quality of food and the culture of dining. In the next part of the work, we learn what physiological and emotional hunger mean and what difference there is between them. I focus mainly different psychological conditions, which affect the psychological intake of food. The next important chapter describes influences of the diet on our mental health. I present the three most common and well-known types of diets. It is a ketodiet, a boxed diet and cut out fast. I deal with eating disorders such as mental anorexia, bulimia and overeating. I conclusion, I focus on the concept of stress, how stress can affect the diet and last but not least I mention food and herbs, which can help us in stressful situations. In the thesis was used the analysis of selected literature and articles.
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Chinese dietetics and its impact on human health
PAVLOVÁ, Martina
The main method of the thesis is a research that is focused on the comprehensive point of view on current knowledge in the field of Chinese dietetics. Today's busy lifestyle has a negative impact on our health. That results into increasing number of physical and psychological difficulties. The number of diseases of affluence such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, gout and myocardial infarction is constantly rising. Chinese medicine offers many ways to reach both physical and emotional resistance. Diet, as an important part of everyday life, can be significantly affected. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to familiarize with Chinese dietetics, whose centuries of proven knowledge and ancient wisdom let us learn about and give us access to healthy eating and its impact on quality of life. The thesis contains theoretical knowledge from the field of traditional Chinese medicine and diet therapy. Essential terms such as Qi, Yin and Yang, energy pathways, meridians or Zang-Fu organs, learning about nutrition according to the five elements, five tastes and five seasons of the year, are explained and to be found in this section, in detail. The thesis also presents an overview of chosen food and effects of this food to human organism. There is a unique approach in food evaluation regarding its nutrition and impact on the human body. The diet can be perceived as a preven-tion and medicine to most of the illnesses known.
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The physical characteristics of children aged 0-3 years in relation to the type of nutrition
MUŽÍKOVÁ, Markéta
This work aimed to collect written and electronic literature related to children under 3 years and comparison with the collected data set. Specific topics were: nutrition, vaccination, morbidity and various recommendations for this period. In the first part, a search of available domestic and foreign literature was carried out. Developmental information was collected for the toddler period. Attention was also focused on feeding children with breast milk, artificial nutrition, and the gradual introduction of all foods into the daily menu. The importance of some components of the menu was recalled. Furthermore, all mandatory vaccinations, the most common optional vaccinations, and diseases that young children often encounter were discussed in more detail. The second part was practical. The work was focused on collecting information from children's vaccination records and nutrition from their first year of life. The parents of the children were contacted directly. In some cases, information was given in the written form, more often by phone and video call. The collection was aimed at gathering information on babies born after the 38th week of pregnancy with a weight of 2,700 g or more. The study included 81 children, 44, boys and 37 girls. The age of the children at the time of data collection was between 3 and 7 years. All children completed mandatory vaccinations and a large proportion of them had also been vaccinated with some of the optional vaccines. There were more breastfed babies of both sexes. The average birth weight of breastfed girls was 3,377 g, and non-breastfed girls were 3,296 g. The average birth weight of breastfed boys was 3,488 g and of non-breastfed boys 3,305 g. The average body length at birth for breastfed girls was 50.5 cm and in non-breastfed girls and boys 49.7 cmd in breastfed boys was 50.3 cm. The selected measured data were then compared with data collected through the National Anthropological Research CAV 2001. This set was created from the values of 18,584 children aged up to 6 years.
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The effect of lifestyle on the menstrual cycle
Chaloupková, Lucie ; Matulová, Jana (advisor) ; Vachková, Eva (referee)
Name and surname of the author: Lucie Chaloupková Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of Non-mediacal Studies Title: The effect of lifestyle on the menstrual cycle Supervisor: Mgr. Jana Matulová Number of pages: 88 Year of defense: 2022 Keywords: Menstrual cycle, menstrual disorders, menstruation, health, healthy lifestyle, diet, sport The bachelor thesis deals with the influence of lifestyle to the menstrual cycle the thesis emphasizes the importance of taking care of a healthy lifestyle which is the key to the overall health of a person as well as the proper functioning of the menstrual cycle. The thesis composes of two parts, the first one describes the physiology of the menstrual cycle and the related hormones, menstrual cycle disorders and selected aspects of a healthy lifestyle. The basis of the empirical part of the thesis is the interpretation of the results of the research survey, for which the method of quantitative research was chosen using a non- standardized questionnaire. The aim of the research was to find out whether a healthy lifestyle can positively influence the function of the menstrual cycle.
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Fitness Map Application
Hrůza, Tomáš ; Drga, Jozef (referee) ; Rozman, Jaroslav (advisor)
As the world continues to evolve and expand, the need for modern solutions rapidly grows. Large portion of the population tends to keep track of their lifestyle which in turn provides an opportunity for companies to create many different fitness devices and applications. The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to provide a new kind of motivation to get out into the world, provided by yet another web application. However this application provides its user with motivation in the form of a minigame - the user travels through the world and the application then calculates the area he captures using a Voronoi diagram based on his route. Another feature the application provides is viewing your routes in a merged, averaged form. This comes in handy when the user would like to approximate his actual route over several different activities. The first part of this bachelor's thesis collects information about different commonly used fitness applications. Out of all those a web application called Strava was chosen as a base for collecting user data. The resulting web application connects to Strava using OAuth and retrieves routes the user has collected using the Strava mobile application. One of the last chapters focuses on describing the implementation details about used and created algorithms. It additionally contains description of scripts which were used to extract data out of OpenStreetMap database and calculate Voronoi regions based on them. To store and search through calculated regions, a MySQL database is used. The application is developed using modern frameworks and is heavily oriented around a comfortable user interface and responsive web design.
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