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Work as a social determinant and its influence to health of medical staff in selected hospitals
FRYDRÝNOVÁ, Anna
This Master's thesis called "Labour as a Social Determinant and its Influence on the Health of Medical Staff in Selected Hospitals" is divided into two main sections. The first section summarizes current knowledge from both Czech and world literature from the field of social determinants related to health and labour. The second part of this work deals with the aim of the research, data collection and data processing methods as well as with the very evaluation of the output information and a discussion of the results elicited. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters and consists of basic issues related to the aim of this Master's thesis. The first chapter describes social determinants of health from various points of view. One of the chapter's components is a description of a current conception of these determinants. The second chapter deals with the construct of health, its definition and its conception. Last but not least it treats health as a determiner. The third chapter summarizes a social determinant of labour and labour-related terms. The author is further concerned with the importance of work for humans and with labour safety and hygiene. The fourth and last chapter is dedicated to public health of the Czech republic, its history, the system of health care and further focuses on the structure and services of Ostrov hospital and Sokolov hospital. The aim of this Master's thesis is proposed in the empirical part of this work. The aim was to map the influence of labour as a social determinant of the health of medical staff in selected hospitals. Next, constitutive objectives were established. Their purpose was to map the impact of workplace relationships and their influence on the overall health of medical staff as well as the impact of working environment including salary, working hours, work agenda and workplace security on the overall health of medical staff. The following hypotheses were assessed in connection with the objectives of this work: H1: Workplace relations of medical staff affects their overall health. H2: Salary affects the overall health of medical staff. H3: Working hours affects the overall health of medical staff. H4: Work agenda affects the overall health of medical staff. H5: Workplace safety affects the overall health of medical staff. Based on the statistical testing hypotheses 1, 3 and 4 were confirmed. Hypotheses 2 and 5 were not confirmed. The enquiry within the framework of this Master's thesis was conducted using a quantitative research. The interviewing method and the technique of questionnaire were used for data acquirement. The questionnaire was composed from questions regarding the matter of inquiry, questions evaluating subjective health of the respondents, questions related to the occupation of the people addressed. The round of questions was finally targeted at the issue of respondents' health vs. their work. The questionnaire was anonymous. The research distribution was accomplished via Deputy Minister of health care in both hospitals. The research file was formed by a medical staff who work in Sokolov hospital and Ostrov hospital. The resulting data were entered and processed using SPPS program vision 16.0 and 23.0 (Statistical Package for Social Science). The data were further evaluated and processed via graphs and tables in absolute numbers and percentages. After the evaluation of all questions in the questionnaire I reached a conclusion that labour as a social determinant of health has impact on the health of medical staff. I shall also assume that the majority of respondents were quite positive while rating the overall complacence with their jobs. Their complacence appears despite the mental rather than physical demand which undoubtedly goes with medical careers as well as despite their work conditions and workplace relationship which all impact their overall health.
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Employment and Its Impact on Health
POCHOPOVÁ, Jana
The diploma thesis called ?Employment and Its Impact on the Health? consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is focused on definition of the basic terms which are related to work and its influence on the health. Then the thesis is engaged in working environment, in occupational load and optimization of conditions of employment. The thesis also deals with social work as a help profession, characterize occupation of social worker and define the terms ?health? and social determinant of health. The practical part includes the evaluation of gained figures and statistical result´s processing. Collecting of primery data was realized by quantitative way, it was chosen the method of questioning, specifically the method of questionnaire. Research agreggate is constituted by social workers from four regions in the Czech Republic (South Bohemian Region, Central Bohemian Region, Vysočina Region and Prague, the Capital City) regardless of age, type of the institution where they are employed and target group they work with. The questionnaires were distributed by electronic way through the Internet or personally by visiting the institution and then they were handed or sent on social workers. On the whole there were 184 questionnaires returned for research, but eight of them couldn´t be used due to incorrect or insufficient completing. Finally there were used 176 questionnaires for result processing. In the diploma thesis there were two targets set. Map the influence of work on the health condition of social workers and find out to which changes of health condition by physical or psychological point at social workers is being gone. Together with the targets there was set following hypothesis: H1: Social workers feel the health problems more by psychological then by physical point. This hypothesis wasn´t on the basis of statistical testing confirmed. From the gained results is possible to come to a conclusion that in spite of the significant psychological difficulty of this profession, the social workers don´t feel psychological problems more than physical problems. The conclusions of the research can´t be generalized because of non-representativeness of research agreggate and region. It is necessary to look at the results with this regard. Statistical testing brought a few interesting findings. For example the link between the target group of clients and evaluation of satisfaction with working conditions, team and general satisfaction with the social worker occupation. The diploma thesis can be used as a insight into issue of the work influence on individual health and then specifically of the influence on social worker occupation to their state of health. Obtained figures can be useful not only for social workers but also for the heads of institutions providing social services. The results of the thesis can create the base or inspiration for other researches which will occupy with this theme.
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Sociální prostředí a zdravotnictví odvětví
da Rocha Fernandes, Joao Diogo ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Mevenkamp, Nils (referee)
The objective of this thesis was to defend an alternative approach by health policy makers for improving health outcomes through investing on social factors of peoples' lives, rather than by increasing health expenditures. In order to defend this theory, this master thesis addresses two research questions: Which are the social determinants of health with largest impact on health status of individuals? And what is the statistical correlation between those social determinants of health and self-reported health status, and psychological health, for Germany, Denmark, Spain and Ireland? The first question was answered by developing a comprehensive research among the mostrelevant literature in the field of social determinants of health and the second through the construction of a statistical multiple regression model. According this study the social determinants with largest impact on the health status of individuals are: physical activity, education level, the welfare state, emotional support, socio-economic status, living conditions, working conditions, and life balance. Regarding the results of multiple regression models all variables followed the expected trend and it was possible to proof significant statistical correlation in 7 of the 8 determinants chosen, especially in the cases of working conditions and life balance, where those having problems managing these aspects of life experienced 50% or in some cases 30% of the health status of individuals with positive experiences in these life dimensions.
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Social determinants of health in select romani communities
KAJANOVÁ, Alena
This dissertation thesis titled ``Social Determinants of Health in Selected Romany Communities{\crqq} adverts to the issues of relationship between the health condition and social and economic factors, as well as other external or culture-conditioned influences affecting them. I have based my work on the concept of ten social determinants of health by Wilkinson and Marmot (2005). The theoretical section adverts to the interrelation of particular determinants in the Roma communities and the specific role of stress affecting all determinants. Thereat, I have based my study on generally available findings, primarily those acquired from research surveys, against which I have compared the results of my research section. The objective of this presented thesis is to describe the influence of social determinants of health in the wider context of everyday living in selected Roma communities. In doing so, I have primarily focused on impediments to the full participation of the described target population in the living of the majority society due to social exclusion. The target population consists of five multi-generation Romany families from two separate locations. Two families enjoy a higher stratification status (including a representative of the Romany elite) and three live in socially excluded locations. Having considered the specifics of the target population and orientation on the common day of the respondents, I have opted for socio-ethnographic field research, i.e. a qualitative by a research method, with the prevailing technique being participative observation and interviews. Processed research data is presented, alongside discussions, in subchapters following upon the topics of the theoretical part of my thesis, i.e. particular groups of health determinants. The results indicate that it is not only the underprivileged socio-economic conditions that take a share in the worsened health condition of persons living in socially excluded locations but these also involve therefrom originating stressors, which are often specific (symbolic element of social exclusion, alternative sources of livelihood). I also attribute a special meaning to culture-conditioned norms and opinions that, in some cases, bear a negative influence on the health condition via behavioral factors (such as a low number of Roma mothers lactating their children or attitude to the abuse of habit-forming substances). Apart from the identification of the influence proportions breakdown by social determinants of health in Roma communities, I see the benefit of my thesis in its qualitative nature, predestining it for utilization in a wider, longitudinal quantitative research of the target Romany group.
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