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Design of a photovoltaic power system with battery storage for household purposes in area of Brno-mesto
Vrana, Martin ; Vanýsek, Petr (referee) ; Vaněk, Jiří (advisor)
Táto bakalárska práca sa zameriava na rešerš technológií obsiahnutých v návrhu fotovoltického systému, ako sú solárne panely, nabíjateľné akumulátory, a systémy na premenu elektrickej energie. Následne sú tieto informácie využité na návrh hybridného a sieťového fotovoltického systému pre rodinný dom nachádzajúci sa v lokalite Brno-Mesto. Plán realizácie je nájsť cenovo výhodné riešenie s rozumným časom návratnosti, ktoré prevažne pokryje energetický odber domácnosti. Takisto sú náklady každého zo systémov znížene o dostupné štátne dotácie podľa parametrov každej inštalácie. Sieťový systém je lacnejší ako hybridný systém, pretože systém neobsahuje drahé batérie. Preto má nižšiu dobu návratnosti šiestich rokov, v porovnaní so siedmimi rokmi v prípade hybridného systému. Hybridný systém je výhodný, pretože umožňuje lokálne ukladanie energie a poskytuje záložné napájanie v prípade výpadku prúdu. Dodávateľ elektriny umožňuje uložiť prebytočnú energiu vyrobenú systémami do virtuálnej batérie, z ktorej je možné počas roka čerpať v čase nedostatočnej výroby energie. V kombinácii so súčasnými vysokými cenami energie majú oba systémy relatívne krátke obdobie finančného bodu zvratu v porovnaní so systémami v minulosti. Finálny výber typu inštalovaného systému je na klientovi.
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Photo-Hall effect spectroscopy and laser-induced transient currents in CdTe-based semiconductor radiation detectors
Musiienko, Artem ; Grill, Roman (advisor) ; Dubecký, František (referee) ; Oswald, Jiří (referee)
Title: Photo-Hall effect spectroscopy and laser-induced transient currents in CdTe-based semiconductor radiation detectors Author: Artem Musiienko Department / Institute: Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Prof. RNDr. Roman Grill, CSc, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Abstract: Cadmium Telluride, Cadmium Zinc Telluride, and Cadmium Manganese Telluride are important semiconductors with applications in radiation detection, solar cells, and electro-optic modulators. Their electrical and optical properties are principally controlled by defects forming energy levels within the bandgap. Such defects create recombination and trapping centers capturing photo- created carriers and depreciating the performance of the detector. Simultaneously, the changed occupancy of levels leads to the charging of detector's bulk, which results in the screening of applied bias and the loss of detector's sensitivity. Detailed knowledge of crystal defect structure is thus necessary for the predictable detector work and also for the possibility to reduce the structural defects concentration. This thesis reports on the investigation of deep energy levels in CdTe-based high resistivity and detector-grade materials by...
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Spectral dependency of the charge generation in semiconductor detectors using nano-second laser pulses
Raja, Marek ; Belas, Eduard (advisor) ; Franc, Jan (referee)
This work deals with the study of charge transport in a semiconductor detector made of CdZnTe material. Theoretical models of charge density distribution are based on a drift-diffusion equation with consideration of infinite and finite lifetime of a charge carrier caused by a shallow and deep trap. The shapes of the measured waveforms with the L-TCT method are fitted by the Monte Carlo method. The obtained values of drift mobility, electric field profile, charge passage time and surface recombination rate are obtained by fitting with the OriginPro program.
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Chinese Strategic Posture: the Case of Semiconductor
Scarazzato, Lorenzo ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Urbancová, Kateřina (referee)
The study investigates the influence of politics over technology to then deepen the relevance of semiconductors as part of the defence realm in the case of China. To this end, the importance of technology in warfare and the entailed trade-offs are illustrated along with the efforts to regulate the export flow. The theoretical framework focuses on finding local validity rather than a universal one, bridging politics and technology via the time factor. Hence, semiconductors are included in the Chinese defence sector showing the relevance given them by Beijing's plans for military modernisation. An overview of the supply chain allows for a better understanding of the implications stemming from its global structure, underscoring the autarky-efficiency challenges any state needs to address. Consequently, China embodies a favourable case study because of its domestic power structure, modernisation ambitions, and imposed export controls directing its choices. A thorough analysis of policies and procurement means is employed to confirm the securitisation of the technology, gauging domestic prospects, international responses, and hindrances. Finally, two scenarios structure the main drivers into plausible outlooks, sketching development in the short term and suggesting further research avenues.
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Photo-Hall effect spectroscopy and laser-induced transient currents in CdTe-based semiconductor radiation detectors
Musiienko, Artem ; Grill, Roman (advisor)
Title: Photo-Hall effect spectroscopy and laser-induced transient currents in CdTe-based semiconductor radiation detectors Author: Artem Musiienko Department / Institute: Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Prof. RNDr. Roman Grill, CSc, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Abstract: Cadmium Telluride, Cadmium Zinc Telluride, and Cadmium Manganese Telluride are important semiconductors with applications in radiation detection, solar cells, and electro-optic modulators. Their electrical and optical properties are principally controlled by defects forming energy levels within the bandgap. Such defects create recombination and trapping centers capturing photo- created carriers and depreciating the performance of the detector. Simultaneously, the changed occupancy of levels leads to the charging of detector's bulk, which results in the screening of applied bias and the loss of detector's sensitivity. Detailed knowledge of crystal defect structure is thus necessary for the predictable detector work and also for the possibility to reduce the structural defects concentration. This thesis reports on the investigation of deep energy levels in CdTe-based high resistivity and detector-grade materials by...
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Spectral dependency of the charge generation in semiconductor detectors using nano-second laser pulses
Raja, Marek ; Belas, Eduard (advisor) ; Franc, Jan (referee)
This work deals with the study of charge transport in a semiconductor detector made of CdZnTe material. Theoretical models of charge density distribution are based on a drift-diffusion equation with consideration of infinite and finite lifetime of a charge carrier caused by a shallow and deep trap. The shapes of the measured waveforms with the L-TCT method are fitted by the Monte Carlo method. The obtained values of drift mobility, electric field profile, charge passage time and surface recombination rate are obtained by fitting with the OriginPro program.
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Synthesis and Study of Nano-Structured Perovskites for Applications in Organic Electronics
Jančík Procházková, Anna ; Kuřitka, Ivo (referee) ; Částková, Klára (referee) ; Krajčovič, Jozef (advisor)
Nanočástice perovskitů halogenidů kovů vykazují unikátní vlastnosti, především výjimečně vysoké hodnoty kvantových výtěžků fluorescence, které předurčují tyto materiály pro aplikace v optoelektronických a fotonických zařízeních. Tato práce popisuje přípravu nanočástic perovskitů halogenidů kovů pomocí stabilizačních činidel inspirovaných přírodou. Stabilizační činidla zde slouží nejen ke stabilizaci, ale i k modifikaci povrchu nanočástic za účelem zvýšení funkčnosti výsledných nanostruktur. Úvod práce popisuje optimalizaci přípravy nanočástic precipitační technikou za použití stabilizačních činidel; jako stabilizační činidlo byl zvolen adamantan-1-amin spolu s hexanovou kyselinou. Bylo prokázáno, že klíčový vliv na optické vlastnosti výsledných koloidních roztoků má volba rozpouštědel a teploty při precipitaci. Mimo jiné byl zkoumán vliv koncentrace prekurzorů na výslednou morfologii a optické vlastnosti nanočástic a jejich koloidních roztoků. V neposlední řadě byly nanočástice stabilizovány adamantan-1-aminem spolu s různými karboxylovými kyselinami a byly studovány optické vlastnosti a koloidní stabilita výsledných koloidních roztoků. V dalším kroku byly nanočástice perovskitů stabilizovány pomocí proetogenních aminokyselin L-lysinu and L-argininu. Takto stabilizované nanočástice vykazovaly úzká emisní spektra ve viditelné oblasti a kvantové výtěžky fluorescence dosahující hodnot téměř 100 %. Stabilizace nanočástic prostřednictvím postranních skupin aminokyselin byla prokázána navázáním chránící terc-butoxykarbonylové skupiny na -amino skupinu. Nanočástice stabilizované modifikovaným lysinem v průběhu jejich přípravy vykazovaly závislost optických vlastností na přítomnosti vody. Předpokládá se, že molekuly vody jsou schopné kontrolovat růst krystalové mřížky po navázání na prekurzory perovskitů a ovlivňovat tak výslednou velikost nanočástic, což vede k projevení kvantových jevů. Spojení nanočástic perovskitů s peptidy představuje nový typ materiálů kombinujících výjimečné optické vlastnosti se samoorganizačními a senzorickými vlastnostmi. Tento koncept byl představen přípravou nanočástic perovskitů stabilizovaných cyklo(RGDFK) pentapeptidem. Vzhledem k citlivosti peptidů na jejich byly nanočástice stabilizovány peptidovými nukleovými kyselinami, robustními analogy nukleových kyselin. Ke stabilizaci nanočástic byl připraven monomer a trimer peptidové nukleové kyseliny obsahující thymin jako dusíkatou bázi. Thymin byl na povrchu nanočástic dostupný k interakci s adeninem přes vodíkové můstky umožňující přenos náboje. Kombinace peptidových nukleových kyselin a perovskitů s unikátními optickými vlastnostmi otevírá aplikační možnosti zejména v oblasti optických senzorů.
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Photo-Hall effect spectroscopy and laser-induced transient currents in CdTe-based semiconductor radiation detectors
Musiienko, Artem ; Grill, Roman (advisor)
Title: Photo-Hall effect spectroscopy and laser-induced transient currents in CdTe-based semiconductor radiation detectors Author: Artem Musiienko Department / Institute: Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Prof. RNDr. Roman Grill, CSc, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Abstract: Cadmium Telluride, Cadmium Zinc Telluride, and Cadmium Manganese Telluride are important semiconductors with applications in radiation detection, solar cells, and electro-optic modulators. Their electrical and optical properties are principally controlled by defects forming energy levels within the bandgap. Such defects create recombination and trapping centers capturing photo- created carriers and depreciating the performance of the detector. Simultaneously, the changed occupancy of levels leads to the charging of detector's bulk, which results in the screening of applied bias and the loss of detector's sensitivity. Detailed knowledge of crystal defect structure is thus necessary for the predictable detector work and also for the possibility to reduce the structural defects concentration. This thesis reports on the investigation of deep energy levels in CdTe-based high resistivity and detector-grade materials by...
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Photo-Hall effect spectroscopy and laser-induced transient currents in CdTe-based semiconductor radiation detectors
Musiienko, Artem ; Grill, Roman (advisor) ; Dubecký, František (referee) ; Oswald, Jiří (referee)
Title: Photo-Hall effect spectroscopy and laser-induced transient currents in CdTe-based semiconductor radiation detectors Author: Artem Musiienko Department / Institute: Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Prof. RNDr. Roman Grill, CSc, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Abstract: Cadmium Telluride, Cadmium Zinc Telluride, and Cadmium Manganese Telluride are important semiconductors with applications in radiation detection, solar cells, and electro-optic modulators. Their electrical and optical properties are principally controlled by defects forming energy levels within the bandgap. Such defects create recombination and trapping centers capturing photo- created carriers and depreciating the performance of the detector. Simultaneously, the changed occupancy of levels leads to the charging of detector's bulk, which results in the screening of applied bias and the loss of detector's sensitivity. Detailed knowledge of crystal defect structure is thus necessary for the predictable detector work and also for the possibility to reduce the structural defects concentration. This thesis reports on the investigation of deep energy levels in CdTe-based high resistivity and detector-grade materials by...
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The effects of ionizing radiation on semiconductor devices properties
Yermalayeva, Darya ; Šteffan, Pavel (referee) ; Musil, Vladislav (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the problematics of influence of ionizing radiation on semiconductor devices and their properties. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the different types of radiation that can occur in the areas of application of these components. In the second part, the degradation processes are explored, with emphasis on the influence caused by the radiation dose. Also, the displacement damage and SEE effects are described, but just slightly, because they are not part of this work. The third part describes the device design process and harmful effects, that have to be considered during the design phase. In the forth and the fifth parts of this work were done modeling of radiation effects (influence of dose rate, Single-Event Upset and Total Ionizing Dose) in PSpice program and was carried out the possibility of designing a simple dosimeter with silicon diode. In conclusion, the results of the thesis are summarized and evaluated.
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