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The specific nursing care of children with burns
CANDROVÁ, Alena
Current status: The children belong to a high-risk group for burns, while the most affected are children between the age of two and the age of six. The thesis is focused on the classification and treatment for burns and especially on the nursing care. The research is focused on the nursing care, nursing problems and interventions used in treatment of pediatric patients with burns. The objective of the thesis is to describe the nursing care of children with burns. Another objective is to identify the most common diagnosis and interventions in treatment of children with burns. Methodology: The research method chosen is the qualitative research strategy, technique of in-depth unstructured interview and technique of observation. The research sample for the interviews was made up of nine nurses and for the observation it was made up of three nurses, who work at the department specialized in treating pediatric patients with burns. The results: With the gathered answers of research questions it was found out that the problematics of children with burns is a very vast topic and in terms of care very difficult for every involved party. The nursing care of a child with burns is multidisciplinary, complex and also highly individualized. During the planning of the nursing care of this very specific group of patients the nurses mostly focus on the communication with the pediatric patient and his parents, pain relief and redressing of the burned areas. The questioned nurses proved that they have good understanding and skills in the nursing care of pediatric patients with burns. On the basis of the results of research a standard nursing practice named Assistance of the Nurses during the Redressing of a Child with the Burn Trauma.
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Medical treatment of a gravely wounded person in a difficult conditions
ŠKVRNA, Karel
The topic of this bachelor thesis is Medical treatment of a gravely wounded person in difficult conditions. Theoretical part is focused on recommended procedure - Guidelines TECC (Tactical Emergency Casualty Care) which was originally military guidelines, but it's edited to civilian environment. The main focus of the thesis is to describe the procedure of prehospital emergency care, edited guidelines used in practice and its material conditions. Another goal of this thesis is to create methodological instructions, which can be used in practice. Quality research was conducted for a practical part of the thesis. Controlled semi-structured interview composed of three questions was done. Twelve interviews were done. Paramedics from South Bohemian region and Pilsen region were the respondents. It was found out new recommended procedures and aids based on Guidelines 2015 from military environment are used. However in practice those procedures and aids are not used. Methodological instructions for burns were conducted.
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Support for children with burns
PĚTÍKOVÁ, Ludmila
Support for children with burn Theoretical Base: Burns belong among the most serious injuries. They occur almost immediately and mostly endanger children. After the onset of burns, life changes completely. A physical disability is not the only concern, because burns predominantly affect the psychosocial area of a person; a change in an appearance is irreversible, and society begins to take the child in a different way, in some cases, to ridicule and bullying. Goals: The bachelor thesis has three research objectives. Goal 1: To identify issues of a child from 10-16 years of age with burns. Goal 2: To identify the nurse's share in supporting children with burns. Goal 3: Explain the importance of the organization Bolíto. Three questions were formed to achieve the research objectives. Research Question 1: Which problems do the burnt children face? Research Question 2: How does a nurse participate in supporting children with burns? Research Question No. 3: What is the meaning of the organization Bolíto for the burnt children? Used methods: The data for the empirical part of the bachelor thesis were collected by conducting a qualitative research. A semi-structured interview was selected for collecting the data. Results: In the context of data analysis, research questions were answered. The research shows that the nurses re sufficiently familiar with the problem areas of children. Patients are provided with adequate care associated with all types of support required in this area. Children viewed the nurses positively and still receive the support provided. The results of the analysis of the interviews showed that the children perceive the activities of the Bolito as a great contribution to their lives. They said they themselves helped to reduce fear, increase self-confidence, and gain new friends. And above all, reconciliation with oneself
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Case study of physiotherapeutic care for a patient with the diagnosis of 2nd and 3rd degree burns of hands and the head
Purchartová, Dana ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Křížek, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Case study of physiotherapeutic care for a patient with the diagnosis of 2nd and 3rd degree burns of hands and the head Summary: The aim of this work is to obtain a comprehensive overview of the problems of burns and the medical and rehabilitation process of this diagnosis. The work is divided into a general and special section. The general part includes the anatomy and physiology of skin, the definition and pathology of burns and the possible methods of treatment focusing on the use of physiotherapeutic care. The special section includes the methodology of work and uses a case study to deal with the anamnesis, the input kinesiologic analysis, the course of therapeutic units, the output kinesiologic analysis and the evaluation of the effect of the therapy on the particular patient. Key words: burn, burning, skin, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, case study
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Case study of a patient with the diagnosis of burns II.-III. grade to 40% of body
Šrámková, Šárka ; Vrbová, Martina (advisor) ; Křížek, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Case study of a patient with the diagnosis of burns II.-III. grade to 40% of body Objectives: The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to work out a detailed case study of rehabilitation care of a patient with burns and literature search of this topic. Another goal is to acquire comprehensive teoretic and practical knowledge about this diagnosis. Methods: I used assay and physiotherapeutic approaches which I learned during the bachelor studies at FTVS UK. The general part informs about anatomy and physiology of the skin, about diagnostics of degree and extent of burns, methods of treatment, physical and psychological rehabilitation. Special part includes methodology of the work, anamnesis, opening kinesiologic analysis, individual therapies, outcoming kinesiologic analysis, the effect of the therapy and end. Results: I worked out a detailed case study of a patient with this diagnosis and a literature search has been worked out. The main contribution of the work was the possibility to gain new experiences and knowledge to this diagnosis.
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General quality of care for burns in children.
Šestáková, Anežka ; Eislerová, Iva (advisor) ; Jedonek, Jan (referee)
This work deals with burns in childish age. It focuses primarily on parents of children under 15 years of age. The task of it is to find out what types of burns occur most often, whether parents have knowledge about burns and first aid and to what level they take care for security of children to prevent burns. In the theoretic part I describe the skin anatomy, skin physiology, pat physiology of burns and after-burn shock. I deal mainly with differences between the skin and the organism of a child and that one of an adult. However the main emphasis is laid on assessment of seriousness of burns which is very important from the point of laical first aid and following care. In further chapters I divide burns according to their type, their origin and I deal with first aid and immediate before-hospitalisation care. Among important chapters is also the chapter about risks and defects in provision of first aid. In the last chapter in the theoretic part I introduce several advices regarding prevention of a burn injury. The empiric part of the questionnaire was worked out on the base of a quantitative research. Questionnaires were mailed in electronic and written form within the frame of four motherly centres in Prague. The result of this research is the conclusion that majority of parents would not be able...
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Evaluation quality of the treatment of the most common injuries in medical first aid.
LEVKO, Marina
The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis deals with the medical first aid service (emergency) and its current status in the Czech Republic with a focus on the South Bohemian region. I also describe the difference between the ambulance and the emergency because patients often mislead those two terms. The theoretical part focuses too on the trauma issue. Children and teenagers are the most endangered by suffering a trauma. That is why I describe the problematic of children in premedical care. The objective of the thesis was to find out the number of the most common children traumas on the three departments of the medical first aid service in the South Bohemian region and evaluate the quality of treatment. I was trying to meet the goals through a data collection from the three departments of the emergency service in the South Bohemian region from 2013 to 2014. The research was conducted through qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Based on the available documentation on emergency, I was retrospectively finding out the number of all patients treated on the emergency. From this data I subsequently learned the numbers of treated children with a trauma in years 2013 and 2014. All the data learned are worked out into charts to make them more transparent. The qualitative form of the research was done by the method of casuistry analysis. By analysing the casuistries I was also finding out what were the most common children traumas treated on the emergency, its diagnosis and the process of the treatment of each of the children patients in years 2013 and 2014. Two research questions were stated for this thesis. What are the most common traumas which are treated on emergencies and what is the way to treat such traumas and whether it corresponds with lege artis. For better orientation, the data learned about the most frequent children traumas treated on the emergency are put into graphs. After the evaluation of results I found out that the most common children traumas on all three departments of the emergency in years 2013 and 2014 were: injury caused by a sharp object then fall or a blunt impact to an object and burns of I. and II. degree burns. Those results matches with the results presented in other works dealing with the most frequent children traumas. The casuistry analysis implies that all the three departments of the emergency treat the most common types of a light injury the same way, in comparison with the reference literature in all the cases the procedure of treatment was correct. In cases when the trauma was not possible to be solved on the emergency, because of need of a laboratory or projecting medical examination which are not available on emergency, the ambulance was called to a patient, or the patient was redirected to another specialised department to be provided with safe and lege artis diagnosis. While evaluating the quality of the treatment I also focused on the evaluation of the medical documentation which is, on the emergency, represented by the book of daily records. On the emergency 1 and 2 I have met a serious failure with managing this book. Those failures were recorded only within the casuistries dealing with the treatment of adults. When evaluating the quality of treatment of children patients I have not met any wrong or partly filled documentation. To make the transparency better and have the unified form it would be adequate to keep the books in an electronic way at all three emergencies. This is where we are confronted by financial background of the emergency services. In the Czech republic there have not been institutionalized the form of the emergency, its function neither the network of emergencies, have not been specified by any law yet. If the function, provision, availability and the financial background of the emergency is united it would have a positive impact even to patients who this service is meant for.
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Peculiarities of nursing care for a child under 6 years old with burns
KUČEROVÁ, Radka
Peculiarities of nursing care for a child under 6 years old with burns Current status This thesis deals with the peculiarities of nursing care for a child under 6 years old with burns. Children belong to one of the groups at risk of thermal injury. Treatment of burns is long and painful, because it involves surgical procedures, such as necrectomy, necrotomy and autotransplantation. After burns treatment scars are formed, which can harm a child physically and emotionally. Subsequent rehabilitation requires patience and consistency. The theoretical part is devoted to children burns. It deals with factors affecting the severity of the burn trauma. These factors include the mechanism of injury, location, extent, depth of injury and age of the individual. The work is further focused on the first aid for a burned area of a child and describes the necessary measures to safeguard children's condition. Treatment of burns is divided into conservative and surgical parts. Work aims and research questions To achieve the goals four research questions were created. Question 1: What are the peculiarities of nursing care for children with burns? Question 2: How a follow-up care with burns is done? Question 3: What are the main needs to be satisfied in terms of children with burns? Question 4: What are the problems in meeting higher needs of children with burns? Methodology of work In this work a research qualitative method was carried out, using semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Before undertaking the survey, the principal and head nurse were asked for permission to carry out the survey and they agreed. Interviews were conducted with six nurses who have experience with treating children with burns. The interviews were held separately with each nurse and were recorded in writing. For the purpose of the interview 29 key questions were made (see Appendix 3), and others were added during the interviews, depending on the answers of the nurses. Four nurses were observed at the intensive care unit department. Before the observation an observation sheet was compiled (see Appendix 6) and nurses were observed during their daily services. Results The research showed that the nursing care of children with burns has its own specifics. The selected nurses stated in the interviews that under nutrition having enough proteins and fluids is very important. Regarding the excretion the nurses indicated that when genitalia are burned, they introduce, as prescribed by a doctor, the permanent urinary catheter (hereinafter PUC). Other specifics has the pain treatment. All nurses reported that pain is checked regularly. Apart from analgesics they talked about alternative methods of pain treatment. Another area was sleeping. All nurses reported that they inquire sleep rituals from parents to put their children easier to sleep. Questions about the children needs, nurses had problems with accurate requirements listing. They were unable to identify needs. The results of the observation confirmed that nurses respect the principles of nursing care for a child with burns, as reported in the interviews. Nurses abided by aseptic approach and increased genital hygiene in terms of PUC Conclusion The survey revealed that nurses working at the burns clinic are fully qualified in the field of nursing care for burned children. Nurses know the specifics of nursing care, nutrition, excretion, hygiene, sleep and needs of children. They are aware that in terms of burns it is essential to follow aseptic approach, which means to use sterile disposable equipment and protective clothing. During the interviews with the nurses it was difficult to obtain information about the children needs and their satisfaction. From the interviews and observations emerged that nurses tried to satisfy the children needs as much as possible within the boun
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Issues connected with children's burn trauma
VOLOSHYN, Tetyana
Burns are common injuries among children. Healing development of deeper burns could be complicated and impaired functioning of the burned parts could have negative influence on patient's mental state. These severe children's injuries put stress on organism due to long-term hospitalisation. Injuries caused by heat energy directly by solar radiation, electricity, fire, by physical contact with heated object or surface or indirectly caused by heat radiation of a hot object or a flame are often caused by a lack of parent's care and these injury aftermaths follows the child through the rest of its life. This bachelor's thesis called "Issues connected with children's burn trauma" is purely theoretical and tries to summarise the overview of this area with focusing on modern approaches of caring for children from the beginning of the injury to the following treatment at home. There are a lot of possibilities of prevention of this severe injuries and the quality of health care is improving due to possibilities of modern medicine and nursing. Care about children's mental state and its family is very important. There are descriptions of situations causing lifethreatening burns in general terms. Clarifying the aetiology of particular injuries better manifests the importance of preventive programs and measures which may prevent the burns. There is a reference to anatomy and physiology of skin and its changes after burns in the first part of the work. There is a description of first aid kit content and short introduction into history of burns in the next part of this work. This work wouldn't be complete without these essential information. The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to map issues connected with children's burn trauma using available literature. It focuses on cause of appearance and risk factors, prevention and differentiation of burn trauma: singe, sunburn, heat stroke, skin corrosion, trauma caused by electricity, frostbites, sub-cooling. The next part focuses on overall treatment and nursing care in healthcare institutions and home environment. It was necessary to study a large amount of bibliographical publications coming from traumatology and paediatric experts in order to acquire awareness about status quo. This work uses methods of synthesis, proposal and demonstration for compiling this work. Using these methods helps with navigation in this issue and highlights the importance of preventive measures and flaws in home environment. There was an effort of conveying essential facts concerning this issue by gathering many relevant data. Acquired knowledge is divided into several part according to their importance and currency. This thesis should help with better understanding of problems concerning burn trauma in children step by step. Taking care of children suffering from burn trauma requires multidisciplinary approach. Not only them but also their relatives are supposed to be treated well. Unfortunately despite all these measures we can see injuries caused by negligence of parents, there is nothing left but hope that this is going to change. If only one person would benefit from this work by getting help this work would fulfil its purpose. Bachelor thesis could help those who wants to avoid thermal injury of children and use the procedures which improve their care.
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