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Flat rate expenses in determination of tax base
Rechcíglová, Tereza ; Vančurová, Alena (advisor) ; Kábelová, Lucie (referee)
The thesis deals with the taxation of entrepreneurs' income in the Czech Republic with a focus on flat-rate expenditures, which are examined in detail. The main purpose is to analyze the use of flat-rate expenditures by entrepreneurs and to determine the main criteria that influence enterpreneuers to choose flat-rate expenditures. This is achieved through the evaluation of our own questionnaire survey, which relates to the period 2016. Finally, there are several recommendations for legislative adjustments to the operation of lump-sum expenditures which take into account the results of the research and the issue of the long-term low level of income tax collection of self-employed persons.
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Tax-qualified and non-tax qualified expenses
Sůra, Jiří ; Boháč, Radim (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
TAX AND NON-TAX EXPENSES Abstract Master thesis "Tax and non-tax expenditures" deals with the definition of tax and non- tax expenditures in terms of their classification in the tax system. It also clarifies what expenses are, and it further explains some tax expenditures in more detail. The second chapter deals with the tax system and basic distribution of taxes. It also generally describes the basic tax calculation. The last section of this chapter mentions taxes which encompasses the term "expenses". In the third chapter, the income tax is discussed in more detail. The method of calculating the basic tax value for both individuals and legal entities is examined here. Entities dealing with income taxes are also listed and subsequently divided into two categories: (i) entities required to pay the tax and (ii) entities responsible for collecting the tax. Further subdivision of entities is also mentioned. The income tax is further explained from both perspectives of legal and natural persons. Chapter Four is the most comprehensive part of the thesis. The expenses are defined with respect to income tax. This chapter also describes the relationship between costs and expenses and their differences. In the next section of this chapter fixed expenses and their importance are analysed. The fixed expenses applied...
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Analysis of a Potential Impact of EU Accounting Deregulation on Administrative Costs of Micro-entities in the Czech Republic
Hanušková, Karolína ; Kemény, Irena (advisor) ; Hollmannová, Monika (referee)
The thesis deals with the Proposal of a Directive of the European Parliament amending Council Directive 78/660/EEC on the annual accounts of certain types of companies (the Fourth Directive), as regards micro-entities, which proposes to exempt micro-entities on a voluntary basis from the scope of the Fourth Directive and thus to relieve them of the obligation to draw up annual accounts. The aim of the proposal is to reduce the administrative burden of European micro-entities. The proposal is examined in particular in terms of its potential impact on administrative costs of micro-entities in the Czech Republic, taking into account a specific implementation into the Czech legislation that would offer to the micro-entities the possibility to voluntarily choose among double entry bookkeeping and two alternatives: keeping tax records and keeping records of revenues with lump expenditures. The thesis then first examines the reasons for the creation of the proposal in the EU and on their basis finds its creation well-founded. Subsequently it analyzes whether the general reasons for the creation of the proposal in the EU can be applied to the specific case of the Czech Republic and also identifies several specific reasons for or against the adoption of considered legislative changes. The greatest emphasis...
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Comparison of lump sum expenses in certain countries
Nguyenová, Chu Hong Minh ; Finardi, Savina (advisor) ; Vančurová, Alena (referee)
Lump sum expenses were firstly introduced in the Czech Republic in 1993. Unlike other countries of European union, Czech Republic leads a very generous policy and allows their tax payers to deduct very high percentage of revenues as their costs. Although it may seem that by this method, the government is losing money that could go to treasury, the original intent was to help small businesses to lower their administrative costs and at the same time simplify the process for tax administrators. Nowadays the actual lump sum expenses are however used as the instrument of fiscal support for the businessmen.
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Flat-rate expenses in the income from the business of natural persons in the Czech Republic
Vlášková, Michaela ; Vančurová, Alena (advisor) ; Finardi, Savina (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the taxation of the income of entrepreneurs, who are used to determine the taxable lump sum expenses. Development rates of these expenditures went many changes, most of them were in 2013 and these relate mainly to the application of discounts and rebates on a husband, or wife. Examined the rate itself is flat-rate expenditure on the basis of comparison with actual expenditure. For the purposes of the practical part of the data obtained was used in the survey. At the conclusion of some of the proposals, as would a flat-rate expenses could increase revenue to the State Treasury.
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The effect lump-sum expenses on the tax liability of taxpayer
Vondrušková, Lenka ; Finardi, Savina (advisor) ; Vančurová, Alena (referee)
The bachelor thesis concerns lump-sum expenses. In particular, their rates and restrictions, which have been implemented on this matter. The effect of the lump-sum expenses on the taxpayers levy is analyzed in the thesis through model examples. These examples illustrate the decisions of taxpayers given the option to apply either lump-sum or real expenses. The model situations demonstrated that the lumps-sum expenses are more popular as their rates increase, but on the contrary the imposed restrictions have an adverse impact on the taxpayers.
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Empirical Analysis of the Usage of Flat-rate Expenditures in the Czech Republic
Švihlíková, Aneta ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
The Thesis analyses extent of the usage of flat-rate expenditures in the Czech Republic with respect to taxpayers with self-employment income according to § 7 of the Act on Income Taxes and with rental income according to § 9 of the Act on Income Taxes. Based on the total number of taxpayers with incomes, who may use the flat-rate expenditures, and the number of taxpayers, who actually use them, the relationship between the legislative amendments of the Act on Income taxes in the years 2008 -- 2013 in the area of flat-rate expenditures and the frequency of the usage of flat-rate expenditures in individual years is investigated. These facts, considering the taxpayers with incomes according to § 7 of the Act on Income Taxes, are examined with respect to the type of their main activities. Particular attention is devoted to legal restrictions in 2013 and their impact on taxpayers based on the income level and on taxpayers claiming a tax deduction for a spouse without income and a tax benefit for a dependent child.
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Lump sum expenses - critical evaluation and international comparison
Malina, Michal ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
There are many restrictions and conditions in lump sum expenses during last years. The aim of the Bachelor thesis was a criticism of the current legislation of lump sum expenses in Czech Republic with an eye to international comparison in neighbouring countries. The author suggested solutions for changes in lump sum expenses. Selected issue is accompanied by illustrative examples, charts and tables. The author used comparison and abstraction method. Tax discount for a child can be used in most cases by the spouse, the tax discount on wife has clearly defined social character, limit for applying lump sum expenses is too high. Lump sum expenses in Czech Republic compared to other countries are really generous, limitations of different character can be found also in neighbouring countries. The conditions in the business environment should be stable, worsening conditions of taxation for self-employed persons could bring fatal consequences. Without adequate analysis of the use of lump sum expenses should not make rash decisions.
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Taxes in Accounting of self-employed
NOVÁKOVÁ, Marcela
The aim of bachelor thesis is analyzing the issues of taxes in the accounting of self-employed person. At first some main terms of taxation theory and taxation system of the Czech Republic are explained for easier understanding of the problem. Then this thesis characterizes individual accounts for the register of taxes in accounting. The main part of the thesis is focused on the income tax of individuals and its structure. Important changes, which have come in the law of the income tax of individuals in the last years, are registered in this thesis. The issues of taxes and analysis of taxation duties are applied on the chosen workman since the time he became a self-employed. On the basis of the collected data the taxation optimization resolves if the expenditure incurred is more advantageous than the lump sum.
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Odlišnosti daňové evidence a vedení účetnictví
Bečičková, Dita
Bachelor thesis deals with tax records and double-entry bookkeeping. In the theoretical part we are familiar with the legislation, it defines the difference between them, who is obliged to keep tax records and who can choose whether to keep double-entry bookkeeping or to capture income and expenses, assets and liabilities using tax records. The practical part is the example of an individual entrepreneur, who keeps tax records, shown in comparison with the method of double-entry bookkeeping and detects the transition from tax records to double-entry bookkeeping. In conclusion, the recommendation is given that in this case is advantageous to choose the transition.
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