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Nitrate removal from agricultural runoff
Schrimpelová, Kateřina ; Šálek,, JAN (referee) ; Drtil,, Miloslav (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
The increasing concentration of nitrates in surface water and groundwater is becoming a global problem. The dissertation thesis is focused on the denitrifying bioreactors with organic fill material designed for the reduction of nitrate input from agricultural areas in the Czech Republic. A set of laboratory experiments was performed – static leaching tests and column tests, including chemical analyses of outflow water and ecotoxicological bioassays. Seven materials common in the Czech Republic, various process parameters, types and lengths of bioreactor shutdown in dry periods and the use of outflow water for irrigation were tested. The thesis deals with both denitrification efficiency and ways of reducing negative effects. An evaluation of the overall effect bioreactors is included along with a prediction regarding leaching over the following years.
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The Combustion of Organic Lightweighting Agent in Brick Body
Kašíková, Milada ; Stančík,, Hynek (referee) ; Sokolář, Radomír (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the burnout of organic substances in the brick body using different types of lightener for different types of soils. The theoretical part summarizes the different ways of lightening and a descri-ption of burnable organic substances. The practical part contains the results of various experiments and individual graphs with the course of temperature increase during firing using various burnable substances.
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Changes of biogeochemistry in headwater areas. Aplication in experimental upper Rolava River basin.
Kočárková, Tereza ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Kujanová, Kateřina (referee)
The present bachelor thesis discusses biochemistry changes in headwater areas. The main object of the thesis is to analyze the hydro-climate factors of selected parameters of water quality monitoring in order to detect their trends and interconnections. In the first part of the thesis the literature research of the topic is presented. A short characterization of the area follows as well as the crucial gathered input data, homogenization and the data files analysis. The study is the interdependence of selected biogeochemical parameters and changes in rainfall-runnof. I have conducted my own monitoring of the selected parameters of water quality. The experimental upper Rolava River basin is located in the northwest part of the Ore Mountains in the Czech Republic. Key words: Biogeochemistry, pH, conductivity, organic substances, N, P
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Mechanism of uptake of heavy metals and organic compounds by plants
Berkyová, Petra ; Soudek, Petr (advisor) ; Petrová, Šárka (referee)
Heavy metals and organic compounds represent a great problem for environment. Therefore, attention is paid to the development of techniques for removing these pollutants from the sites of pollution. One of the possibilities is that heavy metals and organic compounds are removed from soil by using fytoremediation. Fytoremediation uses the ability of some plant species to uptake toxic compounds from soil and accumulate these compounds in its tissues. These plants are able to tolerate higher amounts of toxic compounds than it's usual because of the broad range of detoxification mechanisms, which are taking place in these plants. After the root uptake, heavy metals may be chelated by phytochelatins, metallothioneins or other chelators and subsequently stored in vacuoles. Transport of metal ions and metal complexes between cells compartments is mediated by many specific transport proteins. Detoxification mechanisms of organic compounds involve transfomation, conjugation and store of these compounds in plant tissues.
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Evaluation of treatment efficiency of selected constructed wetlands
Houška, Vojtěch ; Vymazal, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořáková Březinová, Tereza (referee)
Constructed wetlands represent a suitable alternative for wastewater treatment nowadays. They are irreplaceable in Czech Republic as well as worldwide. Initially, they were not accepted unanimously by the water authorities due to the simple technological design.
In this Bachelor thesis, the main types constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment, their general principle of cleaning and suitable wetland vegetation are described. Also, the main components of pollution in the waste water are evaluated in the thesis. The thesis provides an evaluation of treatment performance of five constructed wetlands, namely Spálené Poříčí, Olší nad Oslavou, Rudíkov, Osová Bitýška and Křoví. This thesis is focused on the evaluation of the long-term treatment efficiency in terms of BOD5, COD, suspended solids, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus. The most results show a very good level of wastewater treatment of surveyed constructed wetlands.
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Determination of the quality parameters of drinking water in selected agricultural subjects in the district Jindřichův Hradec
KUČEROVÁ, Monika
The thesis deals with the issue of drinking water. The aim of the study is to evaluate quality parameters of drinking water in connection with legislation attending to this issue. The evaluation was conducted in nine agricultural subjects and analyzes of drinking water were determined and evaluated. Microbiological and hydrochemical indicators of drinking water were compared within the year 2015. Regarding microbiological indicators, coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci, psychrophilic bacteria were followed. Ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphor, total inorganic carbon, total organic carbon, total carbon, total nitrogen, pH, conductivity were followed regarding hydrochemical indicators. The final values showed exceeded values of the microbiological indicators at five sampling sites according to applicable legislation. Furthermore, threshold values of total organic carbon were exceeded in all tested agricultural subjects and also values of nitrate nitrogen in drinking water were increased at three subjects evaluated throughout the year.
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Stanovení organických látek ve vodě
Burianová, Tereza
The title of my bachelor thesis is Determination of organic substances in water. In this work, I dealt with chemical analysis of surface natural waters, specifically the determination of organic substances, which can be either natural or anthropogenic origin. These substances significantly affect the chemical and biological characteristics of water. Several kinds of natural waters were analyzed in the range of the years 2013-2014, by these were assayed chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, as an important indicator of organic substances in these waters. All assays were performed in a short time after water samples were collected according to the methodology.
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