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Návrh technologie pěstování kotvičníku zemního (Tribulus terrestris L.) a jeho využití
BARTOŠ, Pavel
Puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris L.) is an annual plant of the Zygophyllaceae family. Its medicinal properties have long been used in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine to treat various diseases. It has been shown that active substances, among which we count steroid saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, phytosterols and alkaloids, have effects on reproduction, effects aphrodisiac, antibacterial, anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, diuretic, antidiabetic, cardiovascular and many other. The aim of this work was to verify the effect of elicitors on the content of selected active ingredients in Puncturevine. The elicitor in this work was acetylsalicylic acid of three different concentrations (10-3 mol.l-1, 10-4 mol.l-1, 10-5 mol.l-1) applied by spraying. Using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were in fruits and stems determined the content of diosgenin, protodioscin, ruscogenin. For all three compounds was observed positive effect of the elicitor on their content.
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The technology of cultivation and fertilization of barley (Hordeum) for the manufacture of food supplements' green barley ".
DARDOVÁ, Magdaléna
The aim of this thesis was to study the technology of cultivation and fertilization of barley (Hordeum) for the manufacture of food supplements' green barley ". The main active ingredients in green barley enzymes are superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, cytochrome oxidase and transhydrogenase. Other ingredients are flavonoids saponarin, glykosylisovitexin and lutonarin. In producing research was determined the best technology for cultivation and fertilization of green barley. Most substances contains barley grown in organic farming. On the contrary, this barley has a higher content of nitrates due to the exclusive use of manure, which are nitrogen-potassium, and in such a system is a factor in low phosphorus. According to the Liebig law nitrogen which is not in balance with the element in the minimum, it is not able to transform plant nitrogen organic substances. From a nutritional point of view seems to be the best ecological cultivation of barley on dry freshwater lakes in the USA. The soil in these areas contain enough nutrients for barley, which is a prerequisite for good quality products. If green barley grown in the Czech Republic, it would be most appropriate cultivation conventional manner. The soils are poor in nutrients, and thus would only manure was insufficient. The increase of the active substances it is appropriate to use any of several kinds of elicitors. The most suitable varieties would malting barley varieties Sebastian, which includes most of the active substances.
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Growing technology of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn.) and fertilization with the aim of maximizing the quality of the product and its use
GUBIŠOVÁ, Jana
Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn.) a medicinal plant known for thousands years. In the Czech Republic is purposely planted since the 70s of last century. Last few years increased worldwide interest about this plant mainly due to the pharmaceutical industry, which uses isolated of the active ingredients. The advantage of this plant is low demands on environment and high yields if suitable agrotechnics aspects and soil quality are provided. The main objective of this thesis was to gather available information about milk thistle, growing technology, and familiarity with its botanical characteristics, chemical composition and active ingredients, farming techniques, use, fertilization and past management. Furthermore the study was focused on summarizing the methods for the determination of certain active substances clarification the pharmacological effects and the influence of elicitation and cultivation techniques for the active substances. In the conclusion was summarized the problem of the cultivation of milk thistle and technology designed for growing in practice and of its use. Especially as a technology of soil preparation, choosing suitable proceeding crop, seeding, fertilizing and the most demanding plant harvest. Furthermore there was given a proposal for the use of seeds of milk thistle in the food industry, where is considered as insufficient. The potential of this medicinal plant would be for example for the production of functional foods.
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Growing Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn.) The content of biologically active substances and their use
HOFÍREK, Pavel
Milk thistle [(Silybum marianum) L. Gaertn] is among the longest known medical plants, described already in the 4th century before Christ. In the first part of my thesis, I studied the technology of cultivation this medical plant. Milk thistle contains biologically active substances. The main active substances are silybin, silydianin, isosilybin, silychristin, known as silymarin complex, and taxifolin. These substances have hepatoprotective effects on liver tissue. Characteristics, some methods of determination of active substances and pharmacological effect I deal with in the second part of my thesis. The content of active substances are influenced by growing technologies and applications elicitors. This issue and current use of plants in human medicine, dietary supplements and feed to attend in the end.
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Medicinal plants, their fertilization and elicitors treatment with the aim of maximum production some active substance.
ŠRÁMEK, Jan
Echinacea purpurea belongs to adaptogenic plants containig pharmacologically active compounds. The most important parts of the plants for medical use are roots, but also aboveground parts are processed. The plants were grown in triennial precise small-parcel experiment using acetylsalicylic acid as an in vivo elicitor to increase the content of bioactive substances. The contents of cichoric acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and caftaric acid were assayed in roots, tops and flowers. Repeated application elicitors on leaves were conducted with three different concentrations in fortnightly intervals. Ethanol extracts from the plant samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. The effect of the elicitor on the content of bioactive substances was statistically significant. The optimal concentration of the elicitor considering the content of bioactive substances in roots is the middle one. The effect of elicitor is year-dependent.
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