|
|
Wahhabi/Salafi Rhetoric in the Northern Part of the Caucasus Region
Kováčiková, Zuzana ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Beránek, Ondřej (referee)
Salafism is considered a powerful mobilising ideology used by many Islamist and terrorist movements worldwide. This ideology was also adopted by the Caucasus Emirate, a once influential terrorist organisation that used to operate in the mountains of Russian Northern Caucasus. This paper thoroughly analyses religious ideas and trends behind North-Caucasian Salafism, as the body of academic sources concerning this issue is quite limited up to now. The analysis deals with main topics and narratives of the Caucasus Emirate Salafist propaganda, but also considers religious authorities that grant theological legitimacy to these ideological concepts. Both Arab and North-Caucasian spiritual leaders and ideologues are under scrutiny of this analysis. Concluding part of this paper outlines shifts in the rhetoric, which are caused by the conflict between the Caucasus Emirate and the so-called Islamic State of Iraq and Levant. Analysis of the rhetoric draws conclusions using previously published academic work as well as the authentic internet sources, i.e. jihadist websites and videos in the Russian language. The paper suggests that the rhetoric of North-Caucasian Salafists is generally similar to the rhetoric of any other jihadist movement, but at the same time it contains number of inconsistencies as it...
|
|
|
Motives of Suicide Terrorism
Mensatorisová, Martina ; Makariusová, Radana (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the master thesis is to identify factors on which a motivation of individual, rather terrorist organization is based for committing of suicide attacks as a social phenomenon, that appears to be a priori incomprehensible in the context of European culture setting. The secondary aim of the thesis is to distinguish an eventual difference of motivation between female suicide attackers and male suicide attackers. For these purposes, two terrorist organizations have been analysed within two separately designed case studies, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and Hamas for those the suicide attacks have represented the real "modus operandi" and simultaneously engaged women to their suicide missions. These terrorist organizations have been systematically analysed in terms of cultural, political, economic and organizational and social-psychological factors. The levels of analysis used, represent a synthetized reflection of existing theoretic treatment of suicide terrorism issue. The resulting findings confirm, first of all, the fact, that suicide terrorism phenomenon constitutes considerably complicated social phenomenon, whose central motive appears to be political, more precisely nationalistic. However its strength and effectiveness are largely interconnected with other motives, both cultural,...
|
|
|
Religous-political Aspects of Culture of Martyrdom in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Čech, Libor ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Hyánková, Tereza (referee) ; Kašpar, Oldřich (referee)
The presented doctoral thesis examines character and significance of the culture of martyrdom (farhang-e shahadat) in contemporary Iranian society with a particular emphasis on delimitation religious-political dimension of this phenomenon and determination of causes and implications of relatively recent reinterpretation which has radically shifted this culture from the religious-spiritual sphere to the political-ideological and even revolutionary. On the one hand, the thesis deals with a complex view of mechanism and manners of the utilization of the Karbala paradigm as the instrument for formulation of politically (and otherwise) motivated aims by different spectres of power structures of the ruling establishment and diverse oppositional social movements and on the other hand it reflects its apolitical standpoint associated with a spiritual experience of believers, which proceeds from the popular religion. These aspects of the political and religious boundary of the culture of martyrdom are examined in detail and given in the context of current socio-political reality. The thesis also strives for presenting of arguments founded on the premise which defines the culture of martyrdom as an essential source for constructing of identities and strengthening of solidarity among Iranian Imami Shi'ites,...
|
|
| |
|
|
Terrorism and islam
Plšková, Michaela ; Prorok, Vladimír (advisor) ; Školkayová, Marta (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the possible connection between islam and terrorism. The autor focuses on the truth behind the premise that islam is by default a religion leading to the perpetration of terrorist acts or if this premise is caused only by the misinterpretation of the Qur'an and the misuse of religion for the sake of violence. The aim of this thesis is to prove that to identify islam with terrorism is wrong because the spreading of the islamic values is not conditioned by power forces.
|
|
|
Islamic Fundamentalism in Psychological Perspective
HOUSKOVÁ, Martina
This thesis describes the basic psychological elements of Christian fundamentalism, which are at the same time related to the psychology of the Islamic fundamentalism. The second chapter of this thesis deals with the historical consequences of the Islamic fundamentalism, which is vital for the comprehension of the psychological aspect of the problem. We come to the conclusion that the main source of this phenomena is - thanks to the worldwide globalization - the enculturating influence of the West. The final chapter deals with the psychological analysis of the conversion of the individuals to the fundamentalist groups, the role of the leader and the influence these groups have on the individual. We can see the interesting analogy of the fundamentalist movements with the function of the sectarianism.
|
guest ::
