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Rating postural stability in synchronized swimming
Koubková, Natálie ; Satrapová, Lenka (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
Title: Rating postural stability in synchronized swimming Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis is to detect, with a use of the system Gaitview ® AFA - 50 systém (Foot Scanner), if synchronized swimming has effect on postural stability of synchronized swimmers. Methods: Therotical part of diploma thesis is about synchronized swimming, influence of the aquatic environment, postural stability, stabilization and balance. A sample of 113 female athletes aged 6-35, who were long term synchronized swimmers at competition level, was chosen for this survey. Postural stability of athletes was tested while standing still with open and closed eyes by Gaitview ® AFA-50 system (Foot Scanner). Measured data were processed through Gaitview software, Microsoft Excel 2010 and anaylzed by statistical methods (average percentage, ratio, linear trend). Results: Results confirmed the effect of synchronized swimming on athletes postural stability. The longer are athletes dedicated to synchronized swimming the better is postural stability. From the age of 15 years and after 9 years of experience in synchronized swimming postural stability was shown to be better without access to visual information than with it. In the youngest category there is the biggest difference in postural stability while standing still with...
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Habitat shifts to aquatic environment and back to dry land in the evolution of Coleoptera
Sýkora, Vít ; Fikáček, Martin (advisor) ; Král, David (referee)
The order Coleoptera (beetles) includes both terrestrial and aquatic species. The whole order as well as for all suborders (Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga and Polyphaga) in ancetrally terrestrial. Habitat shifts occured in all suborders except Archostemata. A single shift to aquatic environment is probable in Myxophaga and Adephaga, multiple independent shifts from aquatic to terrestrial environments took place in Polyphaga. Multiple secondary habitat transitions back to terrestrial life style occured in Adephaga, Myxophaga and Polyphaga. However, phylogenetic relationships and/or detailed habitat requirements of adults and larvae are still unknown for many groups. That is why a reliable reconstruction of the evolution of habitat transitions between aquatic and terrestrial environment is still impossible in many cases. Key words: Coleoptera, habitat shifts, aquatic environment, terrestrial environment, evolution, phylogeny, biodiversity, morphology, adaptation
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Swimming for the physically handicapped - characteristic of the present state in Czech Republic and Great Britain
Kantorová, Lucie ; Břečková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Kovařovic, Karel (referee)
Goals: The main aim is to map and characterize current situation of The swimming for the physically disabled in Czech Republic and Great Britain. To provide information about the identity or difference of working with swimmers with physical disabilities in both countries, in terms of content, organizational, safety and personnel. To draw conclusions and to propose possible changes and recommendations for optimization and improvement of the state while swimming with people with disabilities in Czech Republic based on these information. Methods: The method of quality, analysis and subsequent synthesis, comparative method, visiting activities and observations have been used. Information was drawn from Czech and foreign literature, as well as from Czech and foreign web sites. Some facilities were visited personally, the others were contacted throughout the internet. Results: This work focuses on content of the methods used for swimming of the persons with disabilities in both countries and compares them, further evaluate and compare the swimming centers in both countries according to set criteria. The criteria that should be meet by the coach who works with physically disabled swimmers can be learned in this diploma, and are also valid for both countries. The work introduces the various organizations,...
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Application of Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometric Detection for the Assessment of Drug-residue Contamination of Wastewaters and Surface Waters
Lacina, Petr ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Hajšlová, Jana (referee) ; Sokol,, Jozef (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This work is based on the current issue of increasing concentrations of pharmaceutical residues in various components of the environment. These new environmental contaminants continuously enter the environment. The most affected environmental component is the aquatic environment. This study is focused on the development and optimization of reliable analytical method, which can determine selected drugs in the aquatic environment (waste waters and surface waters) qualitatively and quantitatively. The target compounds were selected mainly from the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID): salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, clofibric acid, ibuprofen, acetaminophen, caffeine, naproxen, mefenamic acid, ketoprofen and diclofenac. NSAIDs are one of the most used drugs in Czech Republic. For the final analysis of this study was used the comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection Time-of-Flight (GCxGC-TOF MS). It is a very sensitive and reliable analytical method for trace and ultra-trace analysis. Simultaneously, solid phase extraction (SPE) and derivatization are optimized in this work. Optimized analytical method including SPE, derivatization with MSTFA (N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide) and final analysis by GCxGC-TOF MS were applied successfully for the analysis of real samples. Samples of waste water were collected from the waste water treatment plant in Brno – Modřice and samples of surface water were collected from two river streams Svratka and Svitava in Moravian region. The range of concentrations of selected drug residues varied from one to tens of g/L in wastewater and from tens to hundreds of ng/L in surface waters. The degree of wastewater and surface waters contamination by drug residues is assessed in conclusions of the work. Simultaneously, spontaneous degradation of selected drugs in water and removal efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant is assessed in conclusions of the work. The developed method is usable for monitoring and environmental analysis of water ecosystems. It is usable not only for selected drugs, but even for other organic compounds with similar properties.
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Assessment of probable causes of corrosion damage of a glass-shaping mould
Jíša, Jakub ; Pantělejev, Libor (referee) ; Man, Ondřej (advisor)
The aim of this thesis was to characterize briefly the issue of electrochemical corrosion in the aquatic environment with a focus on cast-iron corrosion and then decide whether the observed damage to the glass-forming mold could arise in the course of two days. A simple corrosion experiment was made in which samples of cast-iron were exposed to the shower of water for 48 hours. Corrosion damage under simulated conditions did not reach the level of damage of the mold.
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Assessment of fish contamination in important fishing grounds
ČERVENÝ, Daniel
The object of this thesis is the assessment of fish contamination by selected foreign substances as toxic metals, polychlorinated biphenyls and pesticides in 31 selected fishing grounds. The monitoring was realized between years 2006 and 2010. Fish were caught by electric device and fishing rods. Concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, PCB, DDT, HCH and HCB in fish muscle tissues were monitored. Common bream (Abramis brama) was selected as a reference species for a comparison of the monitored sites. The results of analysis were compared with valid hygienic limits. Overrun of hygienic limit for some of the monitored pollutants were observed in 18 localities. We found mercury as a major pollutant in the aquatic environment.
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Výzkum šíření látek typu PCB v potravních řetězcích a jejich kumulace v organismech‚ metody odstraňování kontaminovaných odpadů
Jihočeská univerzita, Výzkumný ústav rybářský a hydrobiologický, Vodňany ; Aquatest, a.s., Praha ; Svobodová, Zdeňka ; Kroupová, Hana ; Žlábek, Vladimír ; Piačková, Veronika ; Randák, Tomáš ; Máchová, Jana ; Veleba, Petr ; Pešičková, Kateřina ; Kozubek, Petr
Cílem projektu je shromáždit a rozšířit poznatky o šíření a akumulaci PCB ve vodách a vodních organismech, především pod obalovnami drti, v minulosti používajících Delory. Dále stanovit přijatelnou míru znečištění ŽP PCB pro modelové typy horninového prostředí. V roce 2004 byly doplněny informace o stavu znečištění horninového na vybraných lokalitách Rožmitál pod Třemšínem, Holostřevy a Lhenice, byly sledovány zátěže vodních nádrží a toků na lokalitách: rybník Tovaryš, údolní nádrž Orlík a řeka Skalice. Byly porovnány výsledky analýz jednotlivých matric ve vybraných lokalitách s výsledky získanými v uplynulých letech. Provedeny byly odhady distribučních koeficientů mezi jednotlivými složkami (zemina/podzemní voda, podzemní voda/povrchová voda, povrchová voda/sediment, sediment/vodní organismy, odhady přijatelné úrovně znečištění (sanačních limitů) a diskuse vhodných sanačních metod pro tetovací lokality.
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Výzkum šíření látek typu PCB v potravních řetězcích a jejich kumulace v organismech‚ metody odstraňování kontaminovaných odpadů: Přehled o vývoji zatížení vodního prostředí PCB rybníku Tovaryš, údolní nádrže Orlík a řeky Skalice
Jihočeská univerzita, Výzkumný ústav rybářský a hydrobiologický, Vodňany ; Aquatest, a.s., Praha ; Žlábek, Vladimír ; Piačková, Veronika ; Randák, Tomáš ; Máchová, Jana ; Kozubek, Petr
Cílem projektu je shromáždit a rozšířit poznatky o šíření a akumulaci PCB ve vodách a vodních organismech, především pod obalovnami drti, v minulosti používajících Delory. Dále stanovit přijatelnou míru znečištění ŽP PCB pro modelové typy horninového prostředí. Zpráva za rok 2003 obsahuje informace o polychlorovaných bifenylech ve vodním prostředí (popis vlastností a použití polychlorovaných bifenylů, problematika sledování zatížení vodního prostředí polychlorovanými bifenyly, problematika hodnocení stavu zatížení polychlorovanými bifenyly, rybník Tovaryš, údolní nádrž Orlík a údolní nádrž Kamýk, řeka Skalice).
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