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Domácí osvětlení: Výzva ke zlepšení a standardizaci
Gašparovský, Dionýz ; Raditschová, Jana
Investigation presented in the paper aims to map the current situation in home lighting in order to acquire an imagination on preferences and solutions applied by end users – inhabitants, by means of available technologies and taking into account the inheritage of existing systems as well as habits of mind. Besides qualitative findings, quantitative assessment of lighting performance and estimation of energy performance is in the focus of investigation as well. Assumption of the investigation relies on the fact that what is installed in homes for lighting, selected, arranged and installed by the user, is felt by the user as illumination satisfying his needs in all aspects (aesthetic function, lighting control etc.). Questionaire is selected as the method of investigation. To achieve the needed level of reliability of data and because measurements of the illuminance are needed, the questionaire is to be completed by a professional investigator. The questionaire-based investigation is expected to provide a vast of useful information on home lighting. The paper is aimed to present the method which can be applied worldwide and to publish the results of analyses performed over data acquired on national level. Results of investigation are intended to be used for the standardization of home lighting requirements and the preparation of guidelines based on good lighting practice.
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Impact of the architectural concept on the energy consumption of heating of the energy-saving residential buildings
Křeček, David ; Hudec, Mojmír (referee) ; Vaverka, Jiří (referee) ; Ing.arch.Lorant Krajcsovics,PhD. (referee) ; Chybík, Josef (advisor)
Human efforts to increase their comfort rise in density of population in congested city areas, rapid growth of traffic and electric smog created due to constantly transforming communication technologies all resulted in an increase of stress in the immediate human environment. All of this, along with frequent reports about changes in global climate, gradually contributes to an alteration of thinking of the whole society, which is forced to face the consequences of economic damages caused by climatic changes. If we want to tenably assert adequate economic and social living conditions, we have to approach the natural environment in a more profound way. In accordance with the trend of substantional development for the purpose of enhancement of the quality of the living environment in the field of building industry, it is logical to concentrate on buildings, which are conceptually focused on saving of the energy. That is on energy-efficient houses. Pathway to sustainable building is not based on discovering one or several multipurpose technological solutions, but on usage of new designing principles, new materials and methods of processing them as well as new techniques of construction. For an effective creation of a building concept it is essential to have that kind of device which quickly responds to changes performed on a design, enables an easier work on variants and produces the most accurate results. Consistent application of energy optimizing methods is necessary particularly for designs of energy saving houses. Beginning efficient building design is the most “abstract factor of concept linked with very uncertain inputs,” because a lot of parameters in that moment is still unknown. Many mutually connected factors are invoked during designing passive house e.g. trajectory of the sun and the shielding effect of the surroundings, the aspect of sunlight and interior lighting, power quality construction, etc. Currently, the architect has no choice, he can use only well-known precepts, such as large windows are facing the South not the North. Unfortunately this "empirical formula" for the design of a real passive house is not enough. And yet the first draft of the house is most affected by not only its shape, form, but user´s comfortable, cost, feasibility and future energy behavior of buildings and related operating costs of the house too. It is obvious that this stage should not be underestimated, because “minor variation of the initial inputs greatly influence the outcomes.” With this reasoning, the work focuses on early stage design decision, i.e. the architectural concept of a passive house (an idea, vision). Therefore the aim of this work is to simplify the issue into understandable form, i.e. the creation of relatively simple and illustrative sketches, which generalize the issue satisfactorily, show the individual parameters (glazing, shading, shape, size, etc.) and change need of heat for heating passive house. The results of the work will be useful when the architect picks up the pencil and starts to think about his future house. At this point, he will have on hand sketches, which give him an idea and streamline his further design. Therefore the main goal is to create new outcomes and identify energy behaviour of buildings with a computational tool. This research works with virtual idealized mathematical model in the software PHPP 2007 CZ and uses "phenomenon" of parametric equations and sensitivity analysis.
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Low-rise residental buildings
Spurná, Tereza ; Jacková, Eva (referee) ; Sátora, Josef (advisor) ; Mohelníková, Jitka (advisor)
Bachelor‘s thesis solves architectonic design of a complex which is composed of three low-floor residential buildings. There are flats of classical and maisonette type. Main part of work is focused on buildings project documentation. Apartment houses are located in Brno Sadová with unique south view of city skyline. The layout plan of new buildings is designed to define semi-public area. This creates quiet pleasant place for residents of adjacent houses. Every single building is clearly functionally separated to part residential and comunication. This division shows used facade material too.
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Residential Complex in Brno - Komín
Selnarová, Elisabeth ; Pospíšil, Zdeněk (referee) ; Boháč, Ivo (advisor)
Taking into consideration the slope of the terrain as well as the surrounding development, two types of residential buildings have been proposed: Komín a Komínek.They are placed in a regular structure into a given land. Sustainable development is at the core of the proposal. The residential buildings are proposed as sturctures created from multiple components. The framework is comprised of a reinforced concrete and the peripheral walls are stuffed with thermal insulating wooden panels. Air conditioned heating will be used (the air will be heated by a gas boiler). Due to the quality of the insolation, the houses are considered as low energy structures. As individual structures, each apartment has three sided orientation to cardinal direction. Some of the rooms have two sided lighting, which further increases their attractivness. The residential bulding is composed of Maisonette appartments, which together create asimilar structure. The fundamental space is intertwined with a ribbon that carries on its edges balconies, terraces or parking spaces. Each unit has a balcony, which allows the residence to relax and enjoy the surrounding landscape. The housing is proposed for a general audience (wider population). There are several types of appartments including no barrier appartments situated in the first floor as well as Maisonette appartments in the last floor.
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Analysis of Impacts of Contemporaty Society Requierements for a Future Use of Historical Buildings
Urbánková, Jana ; Šulcová, Irena (advisor) ; Kouba, Vojtěch (referee)
The thesis is focused on contemporary society requierements for potential changes of historical buildings in the Prague historical centre. The goal is to analyse a contemporary status of trends and evaluate effects on historical prorperties in the Prague historical centre. The contemporary trends consist of different housing ideas, different work organisation and at least so called green buildings. There are significant consequences in to existing historical buildgs as new developments adapt such trends. For a harmonicous suistainable development it would be needed a compromise between economical, social and environmental interests. If it is not accomplished, the city will not be funcional.
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