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Factors influencing the distribution of European Beech (Fagus silvatica) on the post mining spoil heap
Vobořilová, Veronika ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (referee)
In this thesis the influence of existing vegetation, the distance from the north border of the spoil heap, animal grazing, terrain bumpiness, and soil pH on the distribution and rooting of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica) at spoil heap Velká podkrušnohorská výsypka (50ř14'09 N, 12ř39'05 E) was examined. To accomplish this, beech seedlings within chosen areas overgrown by spontaneous succession or alder restoration were mapped using GPS. A rooting position on the wave-like terrain was recorded for a proportion of the total number of seedlings. Soil pH was also measured on the wave-like terrain. The majority of seedlings (183) were found at the succession sites; only one seedling was found in the alder restoration site. The GLM analysis proved significantly more seedlings in succession sites compared to alder restoration sites (p = 0.0169) and the negative dependence on distance from the north border of the heap (p < 0.0001). Within the wave-like terrain, 46% of seedlings were growing on the north slopes. In 2009, small seedlings were planted into the fresh restoration site and the adjacent succession site, in both cases inside the fencing and outside of it. The seedlings were growing significantly better in the succession site compared to the restoration site, and they were growing better inside the...
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Water regime of reclaimed and nonreclaimed heaps
Cejpek, Jiří ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Kuráž, Václav (referee)
Summary: Great Podkrusnohorska spoil heaps in the Sokolov region in Western Bohemia is the largest spoil heaps in the Czech Republic, which was pour million tonnes of overburden soil surface mining of brown coal. The thesis is setting on the basic characteristics of the water regime and water balance of spoil heap soil and thus follows a series of previous works dealing with the comparative development of the reclaimed and unreclaimed area. The areas are long-term monitoring of soil moisture using a dielectric soil moisture meter total water regime was monitored by subsurface with gravitation lyzimeter, runoff and throughfall rainfall. Older unreclaimed plots as well as reclaimed plots have higher porosity, water field capacity and moistre than young sites, however there are limited by water deficiency in similatr way as young sites due to increase in wilting point. Keywords: Spoil heaps, Recultivation, Soil humidity, Water supply, Water balance
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The effect of soil successional development in spoil heap on plant germination and growth
Pavlíčková, Hana ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
Previous field research show, that late successional species correspond with soil development, especially with organomineral A horizon developing. Aim of my thesis was to compare plant growth on different types of soil from spoil heaps. They were taken from three chronosequencies of different age - nonrecultivated and soils recultivated with planting of alder (Alnus) and spruce (Picea). In my research were used 7 types of plants - Arrhenatherum elatius, Centaureae jacea, Festuca rubra, Lychnis flos-cuculi, Lotus corniculatus, Plantago major, Trifolium medium. Spontaneous sites support more species than reclaimed ones this difference increase with plot age without distinct difference between early and late succession species. Key words Succession, recultivation, germination alder (Alnus), spruce (Picea), Arrhenatherum, Centaureae, Festuca, Lychnis, Lotus, Plantago, Trifolium.
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Revitalisation of post-mining sites
Veselý, Martin ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee) ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor)
This work introduces and compares some basic facts about recultivation and alternative methods of restoration, such is revitalization and natural succession. Recultivation is the way of quick revegetation, but it's expensive and in many cases contraproductive considering biodiversity of recultivated sites. Whereas, approaches based on principles of ecological restoration have many positives. They can create much valuable landscape structures and ecosystems than recultivation, and they enhance biodiversity and conservation of rare species.
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Water and wetland localities in the watershead of Medard quarry lake.
FAFÍLKOVÁ, Veronika
I monitored the chemical parameters of surface waters in wetlands and watercourses in the vicinity of Lake Medard (newly filled residual pit after brown coal mining). The characteristics of surface waters were described by means of their physical, chemical and biological indicators. The values obtained were compared with normal surface waters in the Czech Republic. I also assessed water quality and determined eutrophication. The chemical composition was compared in space and time. The most important finding is the high variability of waters in a relatively small area. Another is that the examined surface waters do not usually exhibit the typical characteristics of acid mine waters. The locations of interest are characterized by high levels of dissolved solids in water. High concentrations of sulphates are the most problematic of the found anions. In the case of cations, the following dissolved metals had high concentrations: Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn and Fe.
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Amphibian habitat preferences in selected localities after mining moldavites.
NĚMEC, Stanislav
This thesis pursues amphibian biotop preferences in locations where moldavites were quarried in the past. Field work took place in two localities near Trhové Sviny. The first one is situated near the village of Slavče where an illegal extraction still occures,.The second locality is found by the village of Dobrkovská Lhotka. This locality was partially recultivated in 2010. The aim of this work was to establish which factors do influence different amphibian species in the both studied locations. There were found five various species of amphibians near the village of Slavče: the Common frog (Rana temporaria), the Edible frog (Pelophylax kl. esculentus), the European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina), the European tree frog (Hyla arborea) and the Common toad (Bufo bufo). The results were statistically evaluated. Based on them it was established that the Common frog prefers the herb layer, the European Fire-bellied toad prefers semi shaded medium sized pools that do not dry up. The European tree frog and the Edible frog prefer large areas of pools and ponds. More over the edible frog demands ponds that are partially overgrown. The Common toad was represented only with one single individual. Therefore a statistical analasys could not be executed. The whole locality is negatively influenced by local inhabitants who gather here manure and organic waste from their gardens. On locality located near to Dobrkovská Lhotka was transformed from a mining landscape to a pond and three pools. All amphibian species that lived in the locality before reclamation were still present here. Occurrence of Common spadefoot (Pelobates fuscus) was confirmed by the unique finding of a tadpole. Statistical evaluation was not conducted due to the small number and variability of monitored sites.
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Use of natural and directed ecological succession for recultivation of land disturbed by raw material mining
Gremlica, T. ; Cílek, Václav ; Vrabec, V. ; Zavadil, V. ; Lepšová, A.
This methodology is one of the main results of the research project No. SP/2D1/141/07 "Recultivation and Management of Artificial Biotopes in the Czech Republic". Its aim is to protect geomorphologic, biotope, biologic and ecosystem diversity of artificial biotopes; this concerns the land seriously disturbed, degraded or distorted by human activity, primarily by raw material mining, construction, waste disposal, etc. Its implementation in practice could significantly improve ecological stability of landscape and at the same time increase ecological and economic efficiency of the recultivation activities.
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The evaluation of actual conditions of Mostecko region
RADOŠOVÁ, Tereza
The work is engageded in comparison of flora in both recultivated and areas under succesion in Most coal basin. The mapped areas are situated not far from the towns Most and Duchcov. The coalmining and following recultivation have been handed down there for many years. The first reference to coalmining in Most region comes back to 1613. All kinds of these days mining devastate the landscape, that?s why the restoration of it must be done. The aim of the work is to find out and evaluate the latest vegetation composition in he selected areas, to classify territories according to Catalogue of biotopes, and to carry out the contemporary conditions of landscape character in Most region.
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Hydraulic conductivity under various recultivated growth
CEJPEK, Jiří
Velka podkrusnohorska spoil heap in the Sokolovsko region is the largest heap in the Czech republic, which was created by transfering millions of tons of soil from opencast mining of brown coal. According to a large measuring (large land surveying) of physical and chemical properties on the reclaimed and unreclaimed heap soil were found many hydrological properties. Hydraulic conductivity was measured by Guelph permeameter, moisture was measured by Dielectrical indicator of moisture and last but not least soil carbonates Ca was measured by Janek`s carbonmeter. Water mode and percantual representation of carbonates is markedly influenced by the technology of sending and by the age of heaps of both types, differencies between bottom parts and top parts on unreclaimed soil are conclusive due to crevasses on the top parts. The other factor is the presence of reclaimed vegetation, which have an important role in the pedogenic process.
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Economic evaluation of reclamation of surface mining disturbed areas in Sokolov region.
ZAORALOVÁ, Petra
This bachelor thesis includes economical review of recultivated areas at sokolovská basin, which were corrupted by surface mining. Core of the thesis is a glossary of literature, which contains history and present state of mining and recultivating activities at Velká podkrušnohorská dump, and it also contains processing of aquired budgets and realization prices from mining company Sokolovská uhelná, legal succesor a. s. The aquired data was transformed into tabs to review given financial resources on selected recultivational phases. In the end is a summary of the effectivness of recultivational costs, maintaining and usage of the recultivated areas.
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