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Modification of hyaluronan by cholic acid and the using of these derivatives for carrier applications
Kvaková, Klaudia ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Velebný, Vladimír (advisor)
Amphiphilic biopolymers were synthesised using esterification of hyaluronic acid (HA) and cholic acid as hydrophobic segment. First, step of synthesis involves the activation of cholic acid carboxylic moiety by reaction with benzoylchloride and triethylamine (TEA) using as solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF). The formed mixed aliphatic/aromatic anhydride (intermediate) reacted at room temperature with hyaluronic acid catalysed by 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) and triethylamine and using as solvent water/THF. Hydrophobized product was identified as sodium cholyl hyaluronate (HA-CA) was obtained as product of the reaction. Structure of derivative was characterised by Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform - Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-MALLS) was used to determine molecular weight of derivative to evaluate any possible degradation of hyaluronan during modification. Rheological properties of these substances were also examined and confirmed non-degradation. The hydrophobized hyaluronic acid properties were evaluated for application as drug delivery system. Therefore, two non-polar compounds were encapsulated (coenzyme Q10 and curcumin). The size of formed polymeric micelles was characterised by dynamic light scattering (DLS).
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Possibilities and importance of art education of pupils with visual impairment in elementary education
SEKYROVÁ, Natálie
The theme of this thesis is the evaluation of the possibilities and importance of art education of pupils with visual impairment in elementary education. The aim of the thesis is to present the possibilities and importance of art education for the development of cognitive and motor function of the upper limbs of young learners with visual disabilities. The practical aim is to create a modified school educational program (SEP) for the subject area Art education that would address the special needs of pupils with visual impairment or blind at the first grade of primary school. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into five main chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the definition of visual impairment, its classification and structuring by grade, type and causes. The second chapter is about the etiology of visual impairment. The third chapter deals with the specific development of children with visual impairment at school age. Specifically, the cognitive development of children this age with visual impairment is described. The focus is on the visual, auditory and tactile perception as well as attention, memory, thinking and speech. The fourth chapter describes the capabilities of the elementary education related to teaching students with visual impairments. First, the related legislation, early care and preschool education are noted. Afterwards, a large part of the chapter is devoted to elementary education either through integration or at the elementary school for the visually impaired. Basic information on secondary education is also provided for the sake of completeness. The last theoretical chapter is dedicated to the art education for pupils with visual impairment. The practical part presents the proposed modification of elementary school education program for mainstream schools. First, the presented aims and methodology of the practical part are listed, including a description of the research and analysis of the SEP field for elementary schools. The last part includes the modification proposal itself; the original and modified curriculum and expected outputs and methodological supplement specifically for blind and visually impaired students are presented in form of dedicated tables. Qualitative approaches were used for the practical part of the thesis. The data were collected by an analysis of documents (specifically school education program). The thesis is usable as a study material for students of special education, special educators, and after a formal update also for the target group of parents and pupils with visual impairments. It could serve as a methodical suggestions for teachers in primary mainstream schools and pupils with visual impairment that have such educational needs.
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Possibilities and importance of physical education of pupils with visual impairment in the basic education.
VRŠNÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
Subject of this bachelor thesis is the opportunity and meaning of physical education for visually impaired pupils at primary school. The main aim is to perform a modification of the education plan for visually impaired pupils. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to present theoretic points of the meaning of physical education for optimization of development of all character attributes of the pupils with visual handicap. The other aim of this bachelor thesis is to modify an education plan in the subject "Man and Health" (Physical Education) for visually impaired pupils at primary school. This bachelor thesis is composed of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with the processing of the starting theoretic points, which topic is visually impaired pupils or children. I dedicate to visual handicap, its definition and classification in the literary research specifically. The theoretical part also presents the specifics of the visually impaired child's development, its motor, mental, cognitive evolution and its progress of exercise and spatial orientation. The other topic of the theoretical part is the early care and education system of visually impaired children. The last biggest chapter of the theoretical part are some chosen physical and sport activities for visually impaired children. e.g. athletics, swimming, cycling, goalball and showdown, suitable for visually impaired children. The practical part deals with a modification of the education plan itself at the primary school at České Budějovice. Firstly, there is introduced the aim of the thesis and research methodics. This is followed by a summary of the results of the quantitative research, modification of the education plan and the conclusion of the thesis. A document analysis and an interview were used as methods of research in this bachelor thesis. The interview was held with teachers from primary school at České Budějovice. On the base of research there was made a modified education plan for physical education. Suggested modifications have material, personnel, didactical and methological character. The base for data processing was research results from analysis and literature and from interview with teachers at the primary school at České Budějovice. This bachelor thesis should serve as a study material for pedagogic students at university, also for public and it should be used by teachers for visually impaired pupils at primary school.
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