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Nuclear fuel cycles of Dukovany NPP
Peroutková, Alena ; Varmuža, Jan (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
This thesis describes types of nuclear power plants, construction of pressurized water reactor, principle of fission processes and energy release. There is more detailed described how reactor works, following chapter of quantities describing operating status. Also is described whole fuel cycle from the uranium extraction to the used fuel storing. Next part of thesis is describing all campaigns of the Dukovany nuclear power station. Thesis also defines steps leading to increasing effectivity energy utilization. This is shown on many graphs and tabs. At the end of thesis, there is a calculation of specific uranium consumption.
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Nuclear Fuel Cycle of Dukovany NPP
Dudáš, Michal ; Foral, Štěpán (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor’s thesis is to introduce the nuclear fuel cycle of nuclear power plant Dukovany focusing on its middle part. It describes the methods of loading fuel assemblies in-out and out-in, the differences between continual (on-load reactors) and campaign kind of fuel cycle. There are briefly described individual types of fuel used on nuclear power plant Dukovany from the start to recent days. It is further followed by the external fuel cycle. The front end describes more about mining, enrichment and fabrication. There are also few different separation methods of uranium described. The back end deals with different ways of spent fuel storage, spent fuel pools, and dry cask storage as well as ultimate disposal. The paper also contains brief overview among the most known nuclear reactors with the short descriptions of its own nuclear fuel cycles. It is further followed by description of fuel cycles with different length, focusing on different types of fuel and different loading methods. There is also a possible concept of outages for nuclear power plant Dukovany considering few different long lasting campaigns. The paper contains economic assessment considering the simplified conditions. It also deals with pros and cons of individual cycles focusing on organization operating and spent fuel storage.
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Fuel cycle, efficiency and safety of nuclear power plants
Treblík, Tomáš ; Köbölová, Klaudia (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis explains nuclear power plants, mainly the description of the nuclear fuel cycle. At the beginning, the principle of nuclear fission and a description of the thermal cycle are explained. The work also describes different types of nuclear reactors divided by generation. The main focus of this work is the fuel cycle, where various technologies of uranium ore mining, its processing, enrichment, fuel rods and subsequent handling of spent fuel are described. The final part describes the effectiveness of nuclear power plants in terms of thermal efficiency, as well as safety and environmental impact.
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Ionizing Radiation, Residual Heat Generation, and Inventory of Spent Nuclear Fuel
Hájková, Barbora ; Šťastný, Ondřej (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with ionizing radiation, residual heat generation, and inventory of spent nuclear fuel. It introduces types of ionizing radiation and half-life of isotopes, which are contained in the nuclear fuel. Furthermore, using code UwB1, a simulation of the burning of nuclear fuel used at the Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant from the introduction of fuel into the reactor to its storage in deep repositories in 2065, is carried out.
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Simulation of nuclear fuel burn-up during whole fuel cycle
Smola, Luděk ; ČEZ,, Ondřej Zlámal, (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
The main goal of this Bachelor’s thesis is to create a long-term kinetics model of a nuclear reactor – model, which simulates changes in nuclear fuel inside the reactor core during reactor operation. As the term long-term suggests, primarily the changes in whole five-year fuel cycle horizon are studied, which stands for changes in concentration of elements contained within fresh fuel as well as origination of new ones (with special focus on higher actinides and plutonium). This mathematical model is created using the MAPLE 14 software. Outputs from the model are displayed graphically and thoroughly analysed, so that comprehensive conclusions of problems can be made. Furthermore, the thesis contains theoretical and informational background that is necessary for understanding all the aspects of the model – historical development of nuclear reactors, their basic types, nuclear fuel description focusing on fuel for pressurized light-water reactors VVER (for which the model is primarily designed), MOX fuel and possibilities of its utilization, and last but not least – selected topics from nuclear physics.
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Nuclear fuel cycles of Dukovany NPP
Peroutková, Alena ; Varmuža, Jan (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
This thesis describes types of nuclear power plants, construction of pressurized water reactor, principle of fission processes and energy release. There is more detailed described how reactor works, following chapter of quantities describing operating status. Also is described whole fuel cycle from the uranium extraction to the used fuel storing. Next part of thesis is describing all campaigns of the Dukovany nuclear power station. Thesis also defines steps leading to increasing effectivity energy utilization. This is shown on many graphs and tabs. At the end of thesis, there is a calculation of specific uranium consumption.
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Front end of the fuel cycle
Sedlák, Miroslav ; Katovský, Karel (referee) ; Foral, Štěpán (advisor)
Bachelor thesis will work of the front of the fuel cycle. Summarize and describe the current knowledge related to uranium, the phase transformation of unemployable chemical element for mankind significant energy source. Understanding the process of processing uranium to energy source is invaluable importance for the future of energy. The use of uranium as fuel only brings advantages inherent in the usability element for humanity, but also the disadvantege of environmental threats and the threat of negative censequences to the environment in case of accidents. A thorough knowledge of the various stages of the fuel cycle contributes to increasing the safety of use of this chemical element for mankind and increasing efficiency in the conversion of uranium ore, thereby creating still more favorable conditions for the development of nuclear energy.
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Nuclear Fuel Cycle of Dukovany NPP
Dudáš, Michal ; Foral, Štěpán (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor’s thesis is to introduce the nuclear fuel cycle of nuclear power plant Dukovany focusing on its middle part. It describes the methods of loading fuel assemblies in-out and out-in, the differences between continual (on-load reactors) and campaign kind of fuel cycle. There are briefly described individual types of fuel used on nuclear power plant Dukovany from the start to recent days. It is further followed by the external fuel cycle. The front end describes more about mining, enrichment and fabrication. There are also few different separation methods of uranium described. The back end deals with different ways of spent fuel storage, spent fuel pools, and dry cask storage as well as ultimate disposal. The paper also contains brief overview among the most known nuclear reactors with the short descriptions of its own nuclear fuel cycles. It is further followed by description of fuel cycles with different length, focusing on different types of fuel and different loading methods. There is also a possible concept of outages for nuclear power plant Dukovany considering few different long lasting campaigns. The paper contains economic assessment considering the simplified conditions. It also deals with pros and cons of individual cycles focusing on organization operating and spent fuel storage.
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Nuclear Fuel and its Behavior during Burn-up
Matocha, Vítězslav ; Foral, Štěpán (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
The point of this bachelor’s thesis is to characterize different types of nuclear fuels and their behaviour during the process of burning-up. Futher, basic types of nuclear reactors are mentioned, as well as their history and different kinds of nuclear fuels used in these reactors. Then there are pieces of information about fuel cycles and fuel burning-up. Furthermore, the thesis concentrates on the changes, which happen in the nuclear fuel during the process of burning-up, such as swelling and cracking. In its other parts, this bachelor’s thesis deals with fission products, mainly gas fission products are mentioned here. At the end of this thesis, a simple model of nuclear fuel burning-up is created. This model follows concentration of izotopes of uranium and plutonium during fuel burning-up.
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