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Teaching population protection in emergency planning zone Nuclear Power Plant in primary school.
ZUNT, Josef
Thesis: "Teaching pupils at the primary school population protection in emergency planning zone Nuclear Power Plant". Has been selected for processing coherent view on the issue of teaching students the first grade of primary school. At the beginning of my diploma thesis I present a brief history of the protection of the population curricula in elementary schools in the first instance and the current legislation on the protection of man for emergencies. The objectives of this work are two. The first is to determine the awareness of pupils in primary schools on possible measures in the emergency planning zone. The second proposal is to improve the teaching of human protection during emergencies. Hypothesis: Implementation of education on the protection of the population in the emergency planning zone Nuclear Power Plant meets the requirements specified population protection. I focused on the collection of data and information that is preoccupied with this issue. The sample is the fifth year of primary school, which is the image of the entire knowledge of First Instance, which was subjected to a statistical survey The results of this investigation are the image information of the first elementary schools in the emergency planning zone of the nuclear power plant and also the basis for any improvement The results of the questionnaire survey, it is obvious that the awareness of students, which should be, is very different. There are differences only in specific issues for single students, but they vary in knowledge examined schools. A key finding is that a proportion of pupils does not control the issue of first aid, for example. What is the frequency of chest compressions during adult indirect heart massage. Students often do not know the tone siren sounds during an emergency and what to do when it runs. These problems in my work solved the proposal to improve the awareness of students, namely: Load a single object, quality education for teachers, quality teaching materials, wider participation of legal entities and individuals doing business, closer cooperation with the Czech School Inspectorate of the Czech Republic. The contribution of this work see especially in the survey results that there is still room for improvement and it is best to invest in this subject in primary schools. The paper summarizes the issues of awareness of students of the first steps in the zone HP JETE and proposes appropriate measures. It is the image of pupils' knowledge, there is located a smallish their knowledge and focuses on awareness, education and possible remedies.
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Protection of the population in the emergency planning zone of the nuclear power plant Jaslovské Bohunice
VANKO, František
The main topic of the thesis is protection of the population in the emergency planning zone of Jaslovské Bohunice Nuclear Power Plant, and dealing with evacuation in case of an emergency situation associated with the release of radioactive substances. Particular way of evacuation of people as one of the most important protective measures to ensure public protection was analyzed. The thesis particularly focuses on the correct procedures in case of evacuation and the competence of persons involved in the protective measures. It deals with the basic criteria that are applied in the protection of the population from the impact of ionizing radiation around the nuclear power plant. Improvements for protection and awareness of population living in the emergency planning area are proposed. According to Nuclear Legislation a license holder is responsible for taking action to eliminate the occurrence of an emergency as well as taking action to prevent occurrence of an emergency related to technological devices that work with hazardous substance, process, use, transport, store it or manipulate with it. At the same time they are responsible for protecting their employees and persons taken into their care. Measures by permit holder to operate a nuclear facility and protect their own employees or persons taken into care represent the first stage in the structure of emergency preparedness. The public protection plan involves measures to protect the population in the area of release of radioactive substances into the environment. The part of the plan shall be a mutual interaction between the internal emergency plans of the holder of the permit to operate. The work is based on existing legislation and scientific publications of the scope of the research. The protection plan of the population is seen as the basic document for planning measures to handling with the consequences of radiation incidents or accidents and elimination of their consequences on the emergency planning zone. The theoretical part is based on the analysis of current legislation related to the issue, where the membership of the Slovak Republic in the European Union undertakes the country to fulfil its duties, obligations and responsibilities under the legislation of the European Commission. All these directives are transposed in the Atomic Act and create conditions for the exchange of information in the event of an accident of a nuclear device in the Slovak Republic. Basic concepts are defined, and the thesis deals with important safety measures when dealing with an emergency, related to a radiation accident at a nuclear power plant. The principles of appropriate behaviour of the population in the event of such an occurrence are emphasised. Exploratory method of asking underlying the proposed methodology was used to compile the thesis. Based on the analysis of results of the questionnaire, areas for improvement were proposed. From the collected data possible systemic measures related to evacuation with respect to application in real life were assessed.
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The readiness of pupils and teachers at elementary and secondary schools in an emergency planning zones during an emergency situation at a threatening company.
KRATOCHVÍL, Zdeněk
After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, the national defence education program was terminated. Since it played an important role in the education of the population it was eventually restored in 2003 at primary and secondary schools when a general education program of national defence was introduced. The extend of the education was agreed for 6 hour per year, however, it was not clear in which school subject this matter should be addressed. Since then the government succeed in issuing several conceptual guides describing the outline of the education for both pupils and teachers. The guarantor of the program became the General Directorate of Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic, who publishes a large number of training documents. Soon after, the issue is also dealt by the civilian sector that gradually increases numbers of manuals and textbooks focusing on the theme of population protection. Consequently in 2012, they succeed in introducing a compulsory subject called "Human Protection in Emergency Situations" at pedagogical faculties. These progressive measures target to improve a teaching methods and a general education at primary and secondary schools in the area of population preparedness to deal with an emergency situations such as floods or hazardous substances leakage from threatening factories. This work focuses on a level of preparedness of students and teachers in a primary and secondary schools, which are located in areas with a thread of leakage, conflagration or possible explosions. The first theoretical part focuses on the history of a protection of a population in the world and consequently in the Czech Republic. History significantly affects this area. Therefore a considerable portion of a theoretical part has been dedicated to it. In the next section the impact of the current legislation laws to protect the population have been analysed. This analysis focuses especially on laws which are most vital for this field. Following section points out, which governmental and non-governmental institutions have the highest responsibility for the primary and secondary education, the level of population preparedness and the knowledge in the area of the studied subject. The last part of the theoretical work analyses the environment in which the sociological research had been conducted. It contains more information about schools in which the survey had been performed by means of questionnaires. The main purpose of this chapter is to point out the characteristics of the schools. Another part analyses the territory in which the schools are located, their capacity, diversity of students, especially weather there are non-Czech speaking or handicapped pupils, or within which time zone the schools are. All schools also support various extracurricular activities, and the thematic group activities. Based on my practical experience from the lectures I pre-set the level of the students and teachers? preparedness in case of extraordinary events within threatening company is low or almost unsatisfactory. Consequently, the respondents undertook 10 test questions. In the practical part of this work, the questionnaire survey was assessed both by means of statistical methods and a thorough analysis of the individual questions answered. To simplify the evaluation, statistical methods were used by means of negating hypotheses of the proposition. In other words, the level of the preparedness will be satisfactory. Subsequent evaluation of the sociological research revealed that the level is satisfactory at all schools. In general, both students and teachers achieved overall pleasing results. The results of the survey will be provided to the Fire Rescue Service of the Pardubice Region to utilize them to streamline all the activities related to the education of students of the surveyed schools.
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Analysis method of securing the evacuation of people from emergency planning zone of nuclear power plant Temelin
STARÁ, Andrea
The thesis deals with the solution to evacuation of the population from the zone of emergency planning of the nuclear power station Temelín in the event of an incident connected with the release of radioactive substances . It analyzes the way of evacuation of the persons, as one of the most important safety measures to ensure protection of the population. In particular, the work focuses on the correct procedures in the case of realization of the evacuation and competence of the persons involved in safety measures. It lists the basic criteria which are applied in protection of the population from the effects of ionizing radiation in vicinity of nuclear power plants. It proposes improving of quality of security protection and information of persons in the zone of emergency planning. The work is based on valid law regulations and special publications of the examined problems. The predominantly part is based on the laws in force, and expertise of publications covering the evacuation of the area.It refers to the external emergency plan, as the basic document for the planning of measures for the disposal of the consequences of radiation accidents or radiation accidents and the limitation of their consequences for the zone of emergency planning. The theoretical part proceeeds from analysis of contemporary legislation concerning the stated problematics, presents the general characteristics of a nuclear device and zone of emergency planning, defining the basic concepts and discusses the important measures in addressing emergencies arising in connection with radiation accidents in nuclear power plant. The work puts emphasis on the principle of correct behaviour of the population in the event of such an accident. For the processing of the thesis there has been used an exploration method, which is based on the proposed methodology. On the base of analysis of survey, possible ways of improvement of this branch were suggested. From the collected data there have been assessed possible system measures of evacuation with regard to their application in practice.
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Population protection in the emergency planning zone around the Nuclear Power Plant Temelín
MARTINŮ, Pavlína
This issue represents contribution to discussion of the population protection within the emergency planning zone of Temelín Nuclear Power Plant (NNP). My intention was to evaluate the actual system of public protection measures in the case of potential appearance of the radiation accident. As a part of this evaluation the analysis of correlation between emergency classification system of emergency events severity, valid for Temelín NPP, and system of immediate protective measures for population was done. The introductory parts of my work describes the basic information about Temelín Nuclear Power Plan. The main attention was given to nuclear safety, radiation protection, principles of emergency preparedness and types of NPP operating modes. Further system of public protection measures for the case of radiation accident appearance is described. Emergency classification system of potential extraordinary events at Temelín NPP and principles of announcements and public warning is also explained in this part. Part of this information represents description of potential implementation of immediate protective actions. One of the outputs is in the form of simple educational software program useful especially for children education. They can received information how to behave in the case of radiation accident declaration. Software is enclosed in the form of compact disk and gain knowledge can be verified by a short test.
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The activity of crisis management bodies in Týn nad Vltavou at the preparation and realization of the evacuation of Týn nad Vltavou inhabitants due to the radiation accident {--} MU 3 at the Nuclear Power Station Temelín
HLAVÁČ, Roman
In the introduction part I described the characteristics of Týn nad Vltavou and its main threat for the inhabitants, which is the Nuclear Power Station Temelín (NPS Temelín) situated nearby. In the next part I described the integrated rescue system, its units, position and tasks, further the main bodies of crisis management with the emphasis on the crisis management bodies in Týn nad Vltavou and the crisis planning. In detail there is the description of Security Council and above all Crisis Staff activities at the preparation and solution of crisis situation. Further the thesis deals with the accident preparedness, categorisation of workplaces, where radiation activities are carried out, and also special radiation events, their division and measures which are taken at their announcement. This part is followed by the explanation with the description of inner and outer emergency plan of NPS Temelín. I also mention protection measures which are taken in connection with the radiation accident at NPS Temelín. The part also contains their division, description and the way of implementation. Evacuation of inhabitants, the way of its realization, activities and tasks of crisis management bodies are described in detail. The objective of the thesis was to analyse the tasks and to check up the present readiness of crisis management bodies in Týn nad Vltavou at the preparation and realization of evacuation due to the radiation accident in NPS Temelín. Through the medium of sociological research among the inhabitants of Týn nad Vltavou, which was carried out by the form of inquiry sheet, the knowledge of inhabitants on the problems of evacuation at radiation accident in NPS Temelín was proved. The results gained by the research are the part of the thesis and are shown in graphics.
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Measures to ensure population protection in the emergency planning zone Tomegas Ltd. storage of propane - butane Branice
FOŠUM, Daniel
The aim of this thesis is to propose measures to implement the emergency planning and emergency clearance operations, to prevent or reduce the immediate risk of accidents, according to documents provided by the IRS components, the community, administrative bodies and the storage operator. Another objective is to propose measures ensuring protection of the population in the emergency planning zone, in order to satisfy in the best possible way the following hypothesis: "Measures to implement the emergency planning and emergency clearance operations and measures to ensure population protection are an integral part of the external emergency plan, ready to resolve possible accident cases endangering lives, health, significant property values or the environment." To meet the objectives and verify the hypothesis, I used my own experience in the field of emergency planning and my personal knowledge of the site so that I could create a proposal of appropriate measures, designed to reduce an immediate menace, and mitigate the impacts of a possible major accident. To complete the goal I chose ``The storage of propane - butane bottles and bottling plant Branice at Milevsko", the local juristic person with the name TOMEGAS Ltd. By the South Bohemian regional authority, these operations were classified as category B under Act No. 59/2006 Coll., on the prevention of major accidents caused by selected hazardous substances or chemical preparations, and also an emergency planning zone with a radius of 1 km was established. Those objectives are proposed in accordance with all legal standards and regulations. I believe that the findings of my work will be applicable in building and updating an external emergency plan for given operations. The hypothesis is undoubtedly confirmed by the existence of international treaties and the EU legislation focused on the protection of people living in the neighborhood of buildings where dangerous substances and preparations are handled, as well as by the number of accidents happening worldwide. In the section ``Discussion{\crqq} several issues are analyzed, the major of which seems to be the financial aspect that may result in difficulties with the early establishment of proposed preventive measures.
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The Security of Facilities Handling with Danger Materials and The Action of The Police of The Czech Republic Bodies in The Emergency Planning Zone During The Danger Material Release in Čepro a.s. Facility, Včelná Storage
LOHONKOVÁ, Jana
This work deals with the danger connected with handling with the dangerous materiále, the condition of thein transport and storage. There are mantioned the characteristics of the particular materials and their dangerousness as well as the possible civilian protection against the effect of these materials, especially the individua protection. There is also analyzed the protection of the Čepro a.s., Včelná storage facility , described the possible risks of the rise of a emergency threat connested with the danger materials release, forms of the possible release a their cause. The work also defines the definition the emergency planning zone and analyzes the action of the Police of Czech republic bodies in case the emergency planning zone is demarked. There are proposed the actions dealing with the protection of the Čepro a.s., Včelná storage facility in case of the possible terrorist attack and analyzed the probability and the possible ways of the terorrist attack performance.
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